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HISTORIC
SALEM INC
25 Briggs Street
Salem, MA
Built for
Richard Savory
Cooper and wife
Betsy Lewis
1805
Researched and written by Robert Booth, assisted by Amy Kellett, Public History Services Inc.
March 2020
Historic Salem, Inc.
9 North Street
Salem, MA 01970
(978) 745-0799 I historicsalem.org
©2020
�Owners & Occupants
25 Briggs Street, Salem
By Robert Booth, assisted by Amy Kellett, Public History Services
Inc. March, 2020
According to available evidence, this house was built as the residence of
Richard Savory, cooper, and wife Betsy Lewis, in 1805.
On June 4, 1805, Mrs. Anna Briggs, widow, sold to a pair of Salem coopers,
Richard Savory & Joshua Raymond, a piece of land, in area 20 poles and 107',
fronting 70' on Briggs Court (now Briggs Street) and running back 79' between her
land and land partly of Lewis (ED 175:291).
On this land, the coopers hired a contractor to build a double house with a
partition wall; its long ends were laid up in brick. We know this because the Salem
"Gazette" for Feb. 4, 1806, reported on Salem's brick buildings, and this one
"Richard Savary's, Briggs Court," appears under the heading "buildings partly of
brick" (EIHC vol. 1, 1859).
Richard Savory Jr. (1781-1869} was born in Portsmouth, NH, the son of Richard
Savory. Richard had six siblings, and their mother died before 1799, when his
father remarried and moved to Farmington, NH. Richard and his brother Robert
had already been apprenticed to a Portsmouth or Salem cooper at that time, and
evidently did not make the move. He was in Salem by 1803, when, on Sept. 11,
he married Betsy Lewis. He and brother Robert did well as coopers, or
barrel-makers, at a time that Salem was the most successful seaport in
America-and almost everything was shipped in barrels.
Betsy Lewis was the daughter of shipwright Ebed Lewis {died 1816) and Amy
Safford of Salem. As of 1804, the Ebed Lewises resided on Briggs Street {ED
175:25), just to the east, on a lot purchased from Richard Savory. Betsy's mother
would die in April, 1812, aged 45; her father would die in 1816.
From the start, the Savorys occupied this westernmost of the two houses, which
had a partition down the middle. On Nov. 2, 1807, the two men made a division of
the property, in which Richard Savory, cooper, acquired the westerly house and
other buildings on the western half of the lot (fronting 35' on the street), the whole
of which lot was bounded running north 79' 8" by lands of Lewis and of Briggs,
west 70' by land of Brown & sons, south 79' by land of Briggs, and east 70' by
Briggs Court; and the eastern bound of said
1
�western half of a lot is the partition wall between the two houses (ED
202:86).
Richard Savory (1781-1841), died 12 Feb. 1841. Hem. 11 Sept. 1803 Betsy
Lewis (1786-1861), dtr. of Ebed Lewis & Amy/Emma Safford of Salem, died 2
Sept. 1861. Known issue, surname Savory:
1. Emily Lewis, 1804-1874, m. 1830 Phineas Weston.
2. Mary, 1806, m. 1828 Joseph Hardy Millett.
3. Augustus, 1808-1838, m. 1829 Eliza Varney.
4. George, 1810, shipmaster
5. Elizabeth, 1813-1860, m. 1843 Benjamin Webb
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Caroline, 1816-1849, m. 1846 John J. Scobie.
Sarah Ann, 1818-1864, m. 1839 Charles A. Smith
Harriet E., 1820-1877, m. Henry P. Upton
Richard F., 1823-1851, m. Elizabeth M. Lopez
Theresa M. 1825, m. 1847 Daniel R. Bowker
William T., 1827, m. Laura Deland
Salem had grown wealthy in foreign trade since the 1780s, led forward by the
merchant families. In 1806 the Derbys extended their wharf far out into the harbor,
tripling its previous length. This they did to create more space for warehouses and
ship-berths in the deeper water, at just about the time that the Crowninshields had
built their great India Wharf at the foot of now-Webb Street. Perhaps Mr. Savory
had his cooper shop on one of these wharves. The other important wharves were
Forrester's (now Central, just west of Derby Wharf), and Union Wharf at the foot of
Union Street; and then, father to the west, a number of smaller wharves extended
into the South River (filled in during the late 1800s), all the way to the foot of
Washington Street. Each had a warehouse or two, and shops for artisans (coopers,
blockmakers, joiners, etc.). The waterfront between Union Street and Washington
Street also had lumber yards and several ship chandleries and distilleries, with a
Market House at the foot of Central Street, below the Custom House. The wharves
and streets were crowded with shoppers, gawkers, hawkers, sailors, artisans
("mechanics"), storekeepers, and teamsters; and just across the way, on Stage
Point along the south bank of the South River, wooden barks and brigs and ships
were being built.
Salem's boom came to an end with a crash in January, 1808, when Jefferson and
the Congress imposed an embargo on all shipping in hopes of forestalling war with
Britain. The Embargo, which was widely opposed in New England, proved futile
and nearly ruinous in Salem, where commerce ceased. As a hotbed of
Democratic-Republicanism, Salem's East Parish and its seafarers, led by the
Crowninshields, loyally supported the Embargo until it was lifted in
2
�spring, 1809. Shunned by the other Salem merchants for his support of the
Embargo, the eminent Billy Gray took his large fleet of ships-fully one-third of
Salem's tonnage-and moved to Boston, whose commerce was thereby much
augmented. He removed a large amount of Salem wealth, shipping, import-export
cargos, and local employment. Gray soon switched from the Federalist party, and
was elected Lt. Governor under Gov. Elbridge Gerry, a native of Marblehead.
Salem resumed its seafaring commerce for three years, but still the British preyed
on American shipping; and in June, 1812, war was declared against Britain.
War was not favorable to a cooper. In November, 1813, Richard Savory (wife
Betsy), Salem cooper, for $1700 sold the premises to Thomas Kast, a cooper or
yeoman of Hopkinton, NH (ED 204:173). The house was evidently rented out to
tenants.
Although the merchants had tried to prevent the war, when it came, Salem swiftly
fitted out 40 privateers manned by Marblehead and Salem crews, who also
served on U.S. Navy vessels, including the frigate Constitution. Many more local
vessels could have been sent against the British, but some ofthe Federalist
merchants held them back. In addition, Salem fielded companies of infantry and
artillery. Salem and Marblehead privateers were largely successful in making
prizes of British supply vessels. While many of the town's men were wounded in
engagements, and some were killed, the possible riches of privateering kept the
men returning to sea as often as possible. The first prizes were captured by a
30-ton converted fishing schooner, the Fame, and by a 14-ton luxury yacht fitted
with one gun, the Jefferson. Of all Salem privateers, the Crowninshields' 350-ton
ship America was most successful: she captured 30-plus prizes worth more than
$1,100,000.
Salem erected forts and batteries on its Neck, to discourage the British warships
that cruised these waters. On land, the war went poorly for the United States, as
the British captured Washington, DC, and burned the Capitol and the White
House. Along the western frontier, U.S. forces were successful against their
weaker opponents; and, as predicted by many, the western expansionists had
their day. At sea, over time, Salem vessels were captured, and its men
imprisoned or killed. After almost three years, the war was bleeding the town dry.
Hundreds of Salem men and boys were in British prison-ships and at Dartmoor
Prison in England.
At the Hartford Convention in 1814, New England Federalist delegates met to
consider what they could do to bring the war to a close and to restore the region's
commerce. Sen. Timothy Pickering of Salem led the extreme Federalists in
proposing a series of demands which, if not met by the federal
3
�government, could lead to New England's seceding from the United States; but the
Pickering faction was countered by Harrison G. Otis of Boston and the Federalist
moderates, who prevailed in sending a mild message to Congress,
At last, in February, 1815, peace was restored.
Mr. Kast, the owner as of 1813, never left Hopkinton evidently, and in May, 1822, for
$750 he sold the premises to Miss Sarah B. Russell of Salem (ED 229:276). Note
the low price, which perhaps reflects the fall of prices in Salem as its foreign
commerce faded.
Sarah B. Russell, 26, the new owner, was engaged to marry Joshua Safford,
ropemaker, which she did on Oct. 6, 1822; and the house remained in their
possession for many years. Perhaps Joshua Safford was a nephew of Amy
(Safford) Lewis, mother of Mrs. Richard Savory.
Joshua Safford (1785-1869), b. 8 Feb. 1785, son of William Safford & Thankful
Goodale of Salem, died 13 May 1869. He m. April 1815 Ann V. Prince of Beverly
(d. 23 Oct. 1816). He m/2 6 Oct. 1822 Sarah B. Russell (1796-1880), dtr. of
Edward Russell & Sarah McClure, died Boston 9 July 1880, aged 84.5. 0. Known
issue, surname Safford:
1. Anna Prince, c.1825, m. 1847 I. Sexton James, M.D.; missionary lost at
sea off Hong Kong.
2. Sarah Baxter Russell, 26 Oct. 1828, m. Charles Endicott.
3. Elizabeth G., 1831, d. 7 Aug. 1832, aged 9 months.
4. Charlotte Elizabeth, 28 Jan. 1834, m. Hiram Washburn; died 18 Sept.
1896.
5. Caroline Baldwin, 27 April 1837, m. 1864 Hiram F. Russell, Boston
dentist; d. 20 Nov. 1888 in Newton.
Sarah Baxter Russell was the daughter of Edward Russell, an English immigrant, and
Sarah McClure, originally of Boston, who married in Salem in 1792. Her father, a
coaster (captain of coast-wise trading vessels), owned a house on Central Street. He
died on Jan. 14, 1815 and was survived by his wife Sarah and two children; and in
April, 1816, a guardian was appointed for Sarah B., then nineteen, and younger brother
Edward Barker Russell (#24427). Her brother would become a mariner and move to
Maine; he was in Bath, Maine, with wife Mary Jane and children in 1850; and he was in
Salem in 1853 (per Directory) employed as a gum copal worker and residing at 26
Essex Street. He died in that year, and Joshua Safford, his brother-inlaw, was
appointed administrator of his estate and guardian of his four children, who evidently
resided in Bath.
4
�Joshua Safford (1785-1869) was born in Salem, of a Salem mother (Thankful Goodale)
and a father who had come from Ipswich, William Safford. Joshua was a graduate of
Phillips Exeter Academy, class of 1799. At thirty, in 1815, he married Anna Prince of
Beverly, who died the next year. In 1817, a rope maker, he was a founding member of
the Salem Mechanic Charitable Society.
Post-war, the Salem merchants rebuilt their fleet and resumed their worldwide trade,
slowly at first, and then to great effect. Many new partnerships were formed. The
pre-war partisan politics of the town were not resumed, as the newly powerful
middle-class "mechanics" (artisans) brought about civic harmony, largely through the
Salem Charitable Mechanic Association (founded 1817). Rev. William Bentley, keen
observer and active citizen during Salem's time of greatest prosperity and fiercest
political divisions, died at the end of 1819, the year in which a new U. S. Custom
House was built on the site of the George Crowninshield mansion, at the
head of Derby Wharf. Into the 1820s foreign trade continued prosperous;
and new markets were opened with Madagascar (1820), which supplied tallow and
ivory, and Zanzibar (1825), whence came coffee, ivory, hides, and gum copal, used to
make varnish. This opened a huge and lucrative trade
with East Africa in which Salem dominated.
Salem's general maritime foreign commerce fell off sharply in the late 1820s. Imports
in Salem ships were supplanted by the goods now being produced in great quantities
in America. The interior of the country was being opened for settlement, and some
Salemites moved away. To the north, the falls of the Merrimack River powered large
new textile mills (LoweU was founded in 1823), whose cotton cloth, sold at home and
overseas, created great wealth for their investors; and it seemed that the tide of
opportunity was ebbing away from Salem. Salem's merchants and capitalists were
already prospering from ownership of an iron-products factory in Amesbury and from a
textile factory they had built in Newmarket, NH, so they saw the potential of
manufacturing in Salem. In 1826, in an ingenious attempt to stem the flow of talent
from the town and to harness its potential water power, they formed
a corporation to dam the North River for industrial power; but the attempt was
abandoned in 1827, which further demoralized the town, and caused several leading
citizens to move to Boston, the hub of investment in the new economy.
In 1831 (per valuation book, p. 41) this house was owned and occupied by Joshua
Safford Jr. & family, and also occupied by Nicholas White and Jonathan R.
Southward. Presumably Mr. Southward was the one born in 1792, a tailor, married
(1819) to Margaret Brown.
5
�In 1837 (per Salem Directory} Joshua Safford Jr. had his cordage manufactory at
44 Bridge, with house at 13 Briggs. In the middle of a blizzard in February, Mr.
Safford's cordage factory (ropewalk} on Bridge Street burned down, as did William
Stickney's.
Joshua Safford, out of business due to the fire, got the job as ticketmaster of the
Eastern Railroad and in 1842 (per Directory} the Saffords resided on Central
Street, with Mrs. Safford's mother, Mrs. Sarah Russell. At this time this house
(now-#25} was rented out to cordwainer {shoemaker) Joseph Varnum (per Salem
Directory, 1842}. It was then numbered #13 on Briggs Street.
By 1844 (per Street Book) this house was identified as occupied by Nathaniel
Holden, 35, and William Doyle ("Doil"}, a young currier who would marry Elizabeth
Monies in 1846. This was the beginning of a long-standing and very interesting
connection ofthe Holden family with this house, which the Saffords would never
again occupy.
Nathaniel Holden (1809-1858}, a native of Marblehead, was a sailmaker, married
(as of 1826 when just seventeen} to Mary Ann Brown (1805-1894} of Salem. They
had children Nathaniel J., Ann E., Thomas B., and John C., born from 1827 to 1839.
Mary Ann Brown was the daughter of Thomas Brown and Elizabeth Howard
(1782-1857}. She was third-eldest oftheir eventual thirteen children. Her father
was the son of a couple who resided in Hamilton; her mother was the daughter of
John Howard & Jemima Ashby of Salem. John Howard had been the foremost
sailmaker in the seaport.
Nathaniel Holden had left Marblehead as a boy and had been accepted as a
sailmaker apprentice by John Howard of Salem, in whose family he would live for
five years in the 1820s. Having mastered that trade, he decided instead to follow
the sea from time to time. In 1826 he was a deckhand on board the Salem brig
"Java," on a voyage to Antwerp. In September, 1830, he ( described as 5' 8" with
light hair) was first mate of the brig "Stork" of Salem. She departed on Sept. 30,
1830 on a voyage to Montevideo, during which he performed the heroic task (in
shark-infested waters) of re-mounting the vessel's rudder after the vessel had
struck a reef. His actions nearly killed him, and he never fully recovered from the
strain.
Next he sailed as a seaman (5' 9", light complected) on board the brig
"Neptune," departing on May 4, 1835, for the East Indies (Asia). Year-long
voyages proved too hard on the family. In 1836 the Holdens moved to
Marblehead, where he made one trip as a fisherman to the Grand Bank and
6
�then opened a Marblehead sail-loft with S. A. Porter. In 1843 John Howard Jr.,
son of his old master, set him up in a sail-loft on Derby Wharf, where Nathaniel
and his former fellow-apprentice, Thomas Oakes, carried on the business with
success for the next 15 years. The Holdens evidently occupied now-#25 as their
residence starting in 1843.
The Hold ens were Baptists in religion, and active members of the local antislavery society.
Nathaniel Holden (1809-1858), son of John Holden & Mary Raymond of
Marblehead, died 2 Sept. 1858. He m. 10 Aug. 1826 Mary Ann Brown (18051894, dtr. of Thomas Brown & Elizabeth Howard, died 9 April 1894. Known
issue, surname Holden:
1. Nathaniel Jay, 1827-1910, m. 1882 Hattie E. Richards.
2. Ann£., 1835, died 1855.
3. Thomas Brown, 1837-1901, m. 1859 Sarah £. Stone.
4.
John Charles, 1839-1924, m. 1872 Harriet F. Fogg, m/2 1874 Lily L.
Fogg.
In 1838 the Eastern Rail Road, headquartered in Salem, began operating between
Boston and Salem, which gave the local people a direct route to the region's
largest market. The new railroad tracks ran right over the middle of the Mill Pond;
the tunnel under Washington Street was built in 1839; and the line was extended
to Newburyport in 1840.
The 1840s proved to be a decade of explosive growth in Salem's leather industry,
still conducted largely as a mass-production handicraft, and its new textile
manufacturing, applying leading edge machine technology.
The tanning of animal hides and curing of leather, a filthy and smelly enterprise,
took place on and near Boston Street, along the upper North River. In 1844, there
were 41 tanneries; a few years later, that number had doubled and in 1850 they
employed 550 workers. Salem had become one of the largest leather-producers
in America; and it would continue to grow in importance throughout the 1800s.
In 1847, along the inner-harbor shoreline of the large peninsula known as Stage
Point, the Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company completed the construction of the
largest steam cotton factory building in the world, four stories high, 60' wide, 400'
long, running 1700 looms and 31,000 spindles to produce millions of yards of
first-quality cotton sheeting and shirting. It was immediately profitable, and 600
people found employment there, many of them living in new houses on The
Point. The cotton sheeting of The Point found a ready market in East Africa, and
brought about a revival of shipping,
7
�led by the merchants David Pingree (president of the Naumkeag company) and
John Bertram.
In Lynn, the factory system was perfected, and that city became the nation's
leading shoe producer. Salem had shoe factories too, and attracted shoe workers
from outlying towns and the countryside. Even the population changed, as
hundreds of Irish families, fleeing the famine in Ireland, settled in Salem and gave
the industrialists a big pool of cheap labor.
The Gothic symbol of Salem's new industrial economy was the outsized twintowered granite-and-brick train station-the "stone depot" -smoking and growling
with idling locomotives, standing on filled-in land at the foot of Washington Street,
on the site of shipyards and the merchants' wharves.
In general, foreign commerce waned: in the late 1840s, giant clipper ships sailing
from Boston and New York replaced the smaller vessels that Salem men had
sailed around the world. The town's shipping consisted of vessels carrying coal
and importing hides from Africa and Brazil, and Down East coasters with cargoes
of fuel wood and lumber. A picture of Salem's waterfront is given by Hawthorne in
his mean-spirited "Introduction" to The Scarlet Letter, which he began while
working in the Custom House.
In the meantime, the owner, Joshua Safford, had carried on as a cordage
manufacturer. By 1850 he had also become a representative to the
legislature, with the family residing at 7 Andrew Street.
In 1850 (per census, house 188), this house was occupied by Nathaniel Holden,
44, sailmaker, wife Mary A., 48, children Nathaniel J., 24, carpenter, Anne E., 14,
Thomas B., 12, and John C., ten.
Nathaniel J. Holden (1827-1910) was a graduate of Marblehead schools. He
worked as a carpenter but had other ambitions, and began to prepare himself for a
career in the law. He moved out, perhaps to Lynn, where he studied law in the
office of William Howland. In 1855 (per census, house 401) this house was
occupied by Nathaniel Holden, 48, sailmaker, Mary A., 50, her mother Elizabeth
Brown, 72, Thomas B. Holden, 19, sailmaker, Charles Holden, 14; sadler Edward
Read, 19, bookbinder Albert Chalk, 16, and Martha Raymond, 56. Mrs. Elizabeth
(Howard) Brown died in 1857.
Nathaniel J. Holden had moved to Lynn, and in 1856 became librarian of the
public library there, remaining three years in that position. He then returned to
Salem and began studying the law in the office of Sidney Bancroft Esq. in Salem,
and would be admitted to the bar of Essex County in 1863.
8
�In August, 1857, the Saffords sold the property for $1000 to their son-in-law
Charles Endicott, 34, merchant of Salem (ED 557:97). Mr. Endicott (and wife
Sarah 8.) sold it in June, 1858, for $1100 to the tenant Nathaniel Holden, Salem
sailmaker {ED 572:74). The Holdens had resided mere since 1843.
Joshua Safford would die on May 13, 1869, in his 84th year. He was survived by
his wife Sarah and three married daughters; a fourth, Annie, who had gone out to
China as a missionary with her husband Dr. James, had drowned, with him, in the
sinking of a vessel off Hong Kong.
Nathaniel Holden died of heart disease on Sept. 2, 1858, aged 48, soon after
purchasing this house. It was subject to a mortgage for $800.
In 1860 (per census, house 1996}, this house was occupied by Mary Ann Holden,
54, Nathaniel J., 34, student, Thomas B., 22, musician, his wife Sarah, 21 (b. NH),
John C., 21, sailmaker, all attended by domestic servant Eliza Watson, 21, a native
of Nova Scotia.
The Civil War began in April, 1861, and went on for four years, during which
hundreds of Salem men served in the army and navy, and many were killed or
died of disease or abusive treatment while imprisoned. Hundreds more suffered
wounds, or broken health. The people of Salem contributed greatly to efforts to
alleviate the suffering of the soldiers, sailors, and their families; and there was
great celebration when the war ended in the spring of 1865.
Through the 1860s, Salem pursued manufacturing, especially of leather and
shoes and textiles. The managers and capitalists tended to build their new, grand
houses along Lafayette Street (these houses may still be seen, south of Holly
Street; many are in the French Second Empire style, with mansard roofs). Factory
workers, living in smaller houses and tenements, wanted something better for
themselves: in 1864 they went on strike for higher wages and fewer hours of work.
N. J. Holden was elected a state representative in 1864 and again in 1865. In
1865 (per census, house 302) this house was occupied by Mary Ann Holden, 57,
Nathaniel J. Holden, 37, lawyer, and J. Charles Holden, 26, conductor on the
horse railway; also by two other families: William Perkins, 43, pattern-maker,
wife Hannah and two children, and William Chase, 60, laborer, wife Elizabeth,
49, and daughter Almira, 18.
9
�Nathaniel J. Holden was a director of the Salem Lyceum starting 1868 and for the rest
of his life (President starting in 1891). In 1869 and 1870 he was elected to the State
Senate as a Republican. Among other duties, he chaired the Judiciary Committee, and
he was primarily responsible for winning citizenship status for the Gay Head Indian
tribe.
In 1870 (per census, house 247), this house was occupied by Nathaniel J. Holden,
42, lawyer ($5000 in r.e., $1000 in p.e.), and mother Mrs. Mary Ann Holden, 63,
keeping house.
In March, 1872, the widow of Nathaniel, Mrs. Mary Ann Holden, for $1100 sold the
premises to her son, Nathaniel J. Holden of Salem (ED 851:153). He had already (in
1868) bought the other house attached to this one.
N. J. Holden continued with his government and legal career. He was thrice elected
Master in Chancery for the County; and in 1874 was appointed a Trial Justice of
Juvenile and District Courts. Often he was selected as a special commissioner for
insolvency.
In 1870 Salem received its last cargo from Zanzibar. By then, a new Salem & New
York freight steamboat line was in operation. Seven years later, with the arrival of a
vessel from Cayenne, Salem's foreign trade came to an end. After that, "the
merchandise warehouses on the wharves no longer contained silks from India, tea
from China, pepper from Sumatra, coffee from Arabia, spices from Batavia, gum-copal
from Zanzibar, hides from Africa, and the various other products of far-away countries.
The boys have ceased to watch on the Neck for the incoming vessels, hoping to earn a
reward by being the first to announce to the expectant merchant the safe return of his
looked-for vessel. The foreign commerce of Salem, once her pride and glory, has
spread its white wings and sailed away forever" (Rev. George Bachelder in History of
Essex County, II: 65).
Salem continued to prosper in the 1870s, carried forward by the leathermaking
business. In 1874 the city was visited by a tornado and shaken by a minor earthquake.
In the following year, the large Pennsylvania Pier (site of the present coal-fired
harborside electrical generating plant) was completed to begin receiving large
shipments of coal, most of it shipped by rail to the factories on the Merrimack. In the
neck of land beyond the Pier, a new owner began subdividing the old Allen farmlands
into a development called Salem Willows and Juniper Point. In the U. S. centennial
year, 1876, A. G. Bell of Salem announced that he had discovered a way to transmit
voices over telegraph wires.
10
�In this decade, large numbers of French-Canadian families came to work in
Salem's mills and factories, and more houses and tenements were built. The
better-off workers bought portions of older houses or built small homes for their
families in the outlying sections of the city; and by 1879 the Naumkeag Steam
Cotton mills would employ 1500 people (including hundreds of children) and
produce annually nearly 15 million yards of cloth. Shoemanufacturing businesses
expanded in the 1870s, and 40 shoe factories were employing 600-plus
operatives. Tanning, in both Salem and Peabody, remained a very important
industry, and employed hundreds of breadwinners. On Boston Street in 1879, the
Arnold tannery caught fire and burned down.
In 1880 (per census, house 293) this house was occupied by Nathaniel J.
Holden, 51, lawyer, and mother Mrs. Mary Ann Holden, 74, keeping house.
In June, 1882, Nathaniel J. Holden, Esq., 55, married Hattie Estelle Richards, 25, a
native of Baltimore (of Mass. parents) in South Walpole. They resided here in
Salem, and would have three children. Estelle died of cholera in 1883. Florence E.
(b. 1884) and Sidney Howard (b. 1887) lived well into adulthood. Judge Holden
presided over several municipal and county conventions. He was a long-time
member of the Starr King Lodge of the Masons.
In the summer of 1886, the Knights of Labor brought a strike against the
manufacturers for a ten-hour day and other concessloas: but the manufacturers
imported labor from Maine and Canada, and kept going. The strikers held out, and
there was violence in the streets, and even rioting; but the owners prevailed, and
many of the defeated workers lost their jobs and suffered, with their families,
through a bitter winter.
By the mid-1880s, Salem's cotton-cloth mills at the Point employed 1400 people
who produced about 19 million yards annually, worth about $1.5 million. The city's
large shoe factories stood downtown behind the stone depot and on Dodge and
Lafayette Streets. A jute bagging company prospered with plants on Skerry Street
and English Street; its products were sent south to be used in cotton-baling.
Salem factories also produced lead, paint, and oil. At the Eastern Railroad yard on
Bridge Street, cars were repaired and even built new. In 1887 the streets were first
lit with electricity, replacing gas-light. The gas works, which had stood on Northey
Street since 1850, was moved to a larger site on Bridge Street in 1888, opposite
the Beverly Shore.
On the evening of April 9, 1894, Mrs. Mary Ann (Brown) Holden died at home
here, in her goth year. She had been a member of the Central Baptist Church since
her youth; and she was remembered as "a woman of many excellent
1
1
�traits (who) endeared herself to many." She "retained her faculties until the last."
(per Salem Evening News obituary, 10 April 1894).
In 1900 (per census, h. 256) Judge N. J. Holden resided here, aged 73, with wife
Hattie, 42, and children Florence, 15, and Sidney H., 12. The house was
numbered 25 Briggs Street, having had other numbers in the preceding
decades.
Judge Nathaniel J. Holden spent his last years, outside of his legal duties, with his
family and in literary pursuits. He was "a thorough scholar and student, and had a
fine collection of rare and curious books, and especially of illustrated books of all
kinds, which he was gathering for many years. He devoted much time to the study
of local history, more particularly as relates the old houses of Salem, upon which
he wrote very interestingly." He died on Jan. 2, 1910, in his g3rd year (see obituary
from Monday, Jan. 3, 1910, Salem Evening News, from which other information
him was taken). The next day, Mayor Arthur P. Howard took office.
In 1910, the house became associated with one of the most remarkable political
events in Salem's history: the election of Arthur P. Howard as Mayor. In one year,
Mr. Howard had gone from an indigent stranger in the city, jailed for alleged libels in
the scrappy newspaper he published (The Salem Despatch) to a reform candidate
for Mayor, and overwhelming election to the city's highest office. He was of the
same Howard family that had once employed Nathaniel Holden as a sailmaker,
and to wrnich Nathaniel's wife was related. Mayor Howard, 40, resided here at #25,
and his private secretary was none other than Sidney Howard Holden, then 22 (see
appended materials). Mr. Howard, who ran a fudge parlor on Church Street and on
Essex Street. He declined to run again, but served as alderman; then he tried to
recapture the Mayor's chair in 1911, but failed. He remained in Salem through
1915, then went to Burlington, Vermont, and started another newspaper.
Eventually he moved to New York City; and he died in New Haven, Conn., on Jan.
10, 1920, as a consequence of an operation in the hospital (see appended article).
In 1910 the census-taker found this house (#246, ward two) occupied by Hattie
E. Holden, 52, widow, her daughter Florence, 25, stenographer, her son Sidney
H., 22, private secretary to the Mayor, and Arthur P. Howard, 40, Mayor of
Salem.
Salem kept growing. The Canadians were followed in the early 20th century by
large numbers of Polish and Ukrainian families, who settled primarily in the
Derby Street neighborhood, and by Sicilians, in the High Street neighborhood.
By the eve of World War One, the bustling, polyglot city
1
2
�supported large department stores and factories of every description. People from
the surrounding towns, and Marblehead in particular, came to Salem to do their
shopping; and its handsome government buildings, as befit the county seat, were
busy with conveyances of land, lawsuits, and probate
. proceedings. The city's politics were lively, and its economy was strong.
On June 25, 1914, in the morning, in Blubber Hollow (Boston Street at Proctor), a
fire started in small wooden shoe factory. This fire soon raced out of control, for the
west wind was high and the season had been dry. Out of Blubber Hollow the fire
roared easterly, a monstrous front of flame and smoke, wiping out the houses of
Boston Street, Essex Street, and upper Broad Street, and then sweeping through
Hathorne, Winthrop, Endicott, and other residential streets. Men and machines
could not stop it: the enormous fire crossed over into South Salem and destroyed
the neighborhoods west of Lafayette Street, then devoured the mansions of
Lafayette Street itself, and raged onward into the tenement district of The Point.
Despite the combined efforts of heroic fire crews from many towns and cities, the
fire overwhelmed everything in its path: the Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company
factory complex exploded in an inferno. At Derby Street, just beyond Union, after a
13-hour rampage, the monster died, having consumed 250 acres, 1600 houses,
and 41 factories, and leaving three dead and thousands homeless. Some people
had insurance, some did not; all received much support and generous donations
from all over the country and the world. It was one of the greatest urban disasters in
the history of the United States, and the people of Salem would take years to
recover from it. Eventually, they did, and many of the former houses and
businesses were rebuilt; and several urban-renewal projects (including Hawthorne
Boulevard, which involved removing old houses and widening old streets) were put
into effect.
In April, 1918, Mrs. Hattie E. Holden and her offspring Florence and Sidney sold
the premises to Thomas F. Cronan of Salem (ED 2388:162). The land was
bounded as before, 35' on Briggs Street, running back 79' deep.
Mr. Cronan (1860-1923), a contractor, resided with his family at 6 Lemon Street.
He purchased #27 Briggs as well. He died on Nov. 12, 1923. The executors of his
will sold the premises for $8400 (subject to $3800 mortgage) to Laura M Larivee of
Salem (ED 2592:526).
Salem's tercentenary in 1926 was a time-of great celebration. The Depression hit
in 1929, and continued through the 1930s. Salem, the county seat and regional
retail center, gradually rebounded.
Salem prospered after World War II through the 1950s and into the 1960s.
General Electric, Sylvania, Parker Brothers, Pequot Mills (formerly Naumkeag
13
�Steam Cotton Co.), Almy's and Newmark's and Webber's department stores,
various other retailers, and Beverly's United Shoe Machinery Company were all
major local employers.
1
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�MAYOR ARTHUR HOWARD OF SALEM
A Tale of Romance in Modern Politics
By GRACE AGNES TI-1O:\IPSON A:o.o FRED HARRIS THOMPSON'
I
N generations to come, along with the
played so tantalizingly and so long, heaped
historic tales of gallant seacaptains quaint
fame, honor, and riches, upon him all in one
mansions, old-fash
brief day. For the very day after election,
ioned g;rdens, and witches, there will be
Howard's father, president of the jewelry
handed down in the annals of the famous old
New England town of Salem the story of how house of Bowan! & Company, Fifth Avenue,
New York, died and left his son some money.
one Arthur Howard came here in 1908,
Though Howard was a stranger in Salem till
friendless, penniless, unknown, started a
newspaper that was regarded as a joke, and in 1908, his paternal ancestors were among its
less than a twelve month rode off on a broom- earliest settlers. They took a prominent part in
the development of the community. Many
stick with the mayoralty election to the
amazement of everyone. It will be told how he streets, churches, a library, and a graveyard are
named after them. His grandfather, fourth
set up in an old paint-shop a ramshackle
removed, was John Howard, who was born in
foot-power printing press that sometimes
wouldn't print, struggled day after day to get Marblehead in IiSS, and died in Salem in his
ninety-fourth year. This John Howard served in
out an edition of twenty-five copies that
both the army and navy during the
people didn't buy, pawned his coat to raise
money for·paper, often went hungry, and then Revolutionary War, and afterwards became a
became famous when Salem politicians had sailmaker in Salem. He founded the Salem Insurance Company and was the original
him arrested for criminal libel because he
subscriber to the levelling of the Common. He
attacked them with a caustic pen.
served as a representative to the General Court
Sitting in Cell 45 in the Essex County jail, he in 1817, and was selectman from 1819 to 1822.
announced his candidacy for mayor and
He organized the Salem Charitable Mechanic
continued to write humorously sarcastic
Association and became its first president. His
editorials which were set up and published by picture now hangs in the rooms of that society.
the faithful printer, his only assistant, whose
John Howard was a warden of St. Peter's
onerous duties included every department
Church, and one of the bells there was given in
from managing editor to printer's devil. Then his memory. Howard Street is namer! after
released on bail put up by a wealthy friend
him, and he was buried in the Howard Street
won by his fearless attacks on the conduct of Cemetery. When he died he was the last man in
the city affairs, Howard launched a
Salem to wear a queue. knee breeches, and the
spectacular, unprecedented campaign.
silver shoe buckles on the old-fashioned
Without spendingacenthimselfhe forced .his
costumes.
four opponents to the mayoralty to spend
John Howard's father was Joseph Howard,
money like water, and at the election received
who is described in the archives of Salem as
such an avalanche of votes that the other
being "a man of character and judgment, of
candidates were completely buried. While
wealth and learning,
Fickle Fortune, smiling at last upon the man
with whom she had
737
�738
NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE
and a linguist familiar with seven languages,
the merchants of Salem being accustomed to Europe.
Howard came back to the States, algo to him for the translation of their foreign
most penniless; and unable to secure
letters."
Joseph Howard's father was Abraham assistance started to make his own way.
Howard, a merchant oi London, England, and Lacking three years of 40, Dr. Osier's age
descended from the Duke of Norfolk, the limit of human usefulness, Arthur Howard
resolved to begin life over again at the foot of
Premier Duke of England.
Mayor Arthur Howard's father, Joseph the ladder.
Platt Howard, was born in Amherst, Mass., 77 He had been all over Europe, and spoke
years ago, and going to New York City when French so well that in France he passed for a
young built up a great jewelry business. His Frenchman unchallenged. So when he heard
mother came from Nantucket Island, her that his cousin "Joe" Howard, the journalist,
maiden name being Andrews. She was author of the famous "Howard Letters" was
descended from one of the original settlers of dead, Arthur Howard came to Boston and
applied for a position with one of the
the island.
newspapers for which "Joe" Howard had
Mr. Howard's paternal grandfather was Dr. written.
Joseph Howard, who was born in Salem in
Without any newspaper experience
18o7, and who was a schoolmate of Nathaniel
Howard was promptly turned down. He ran
Hawthorne. His greatgreat-grandfather was
up to Salem, the home of his ancestors which
Joseph Howard, an old shipping merchant,
he had never before visited, to take advantage
born in Salem in 178o.
Howard's own story runs like a romance. of the opportunity to call upon Judge Holden,
He was born in Brevoort place, Washington a distant relative, the oldest court justice in
Square, New York City, December 16, 186g. Essex county.
Upon the impulse of a chance'remark
As the son of a wealthy man he received his
early education in a private school. He had as during that conversation, Howard resolved to
his schoolmates the sons of many wealthy start a newspaper of his own in Salem. "If
they don't think I know enough about the
New York merchants.
newspaper business to get a job, I'll start a
He left school when he was but 15 years of paper of my own and show them," he told his
age and entered his father's employ at the new-found relative.
latter's Fifth Avenue establishment. At the age
of twentythree he was married and has one Without a penny of backing, and with only
the prospect of an income of a few dollars a
daughter now about sixteen years old.
week from the wreck of his fortune, Howard
Leaving his father's firm he founcled the leased an old, twostory shed on Central street,
firm of Arthur Howard Company, Shipping which had been built for a paint-shop. He
Agents, which business was conducted by him bought on credit a second-hand, foot-power
for two years. He then engaged in the printing press that was about to be consigned
manufacture of silverware and novelties, in to the junk dealer. He picked up some job lots
which business he remained two years. He then of type, some odd sizes of print paper, a
returned to Howard & Company, remaining broken deal table, a dictionary and a rickety
ten years with his father's firm.
chair, and founded the "Salem Morning
In the course of his varied enterprises Howard Dispatch."
constantly visited Europe. He had a wide
Howard found a clever young printer without
acquaintance both in England and on the
a job, but with plenty of sporting blood, and
Continent. In 1906 he established the Arthur
together they managed to issue on the
Howard Company of London, Shipping
morning of October 24, a year and a half ago,
Agents, a clearing house for American jewelry an edition of twenty-five copies. Nobody
firms. The panic of 1907 broke him. Mrs.
in~icated any desire to purchase a copy of the
Howard and their daughter began travelling in "Salem Morning Dispatch," at the market
price of one cent, so Howard went out
�MAYOR ARTHUR HOWARD OF SALEM
739
on the street and gave them away like
He took a room at the Bullard House and
handbills.
when his board bill became due he pubHe went among the merchants of Salem lished a handsome advertisement of the
soliciting
advertisements
for
his hostelry in lieu of cash. Matters went along
newspaper, and they laughed at him. He finely at first, but presently he found it took
put his advertising rates at such a tempting a lot of space to pay for breakfast. A full
figure that the little business he did manage dinner required the better part of a column,
to pick up filled most of his single sheet and to settle up for the week's board
newspaper without bringing him any more crowded out most of the editorials.
than enough to pay for the print paper
Although far from being a religious
itself.
crank Howard found a great deal of
Sometimes the foot-power printing enjoyment-"Inspiration" he calls itreading
press refused to print, and Howard and his the Bible. About this time he had
printer struggled for hours to get out a few succeeded in getting some of his supplies
dozen copies. They would have to take on credit.
each copy afterwards and go over it with
The Salem citizens were getting interink to fill in missing spaces where letters ested and advertisements picking up.
had failed to print.
One of the merchants came in several
Frequently after Howard had sat up most of times to collect a bill which Howard
the night, in the little stall he had partitioned couldn't raise money enough to pay, aloff with rough, unplaned boards in one
though it was but a small amount. "My
comer of the paint-shop loft, writing the
friend," he told the merchant, "if you will
copies for the next day's "Despatch," his
go home and read verse 26 of the 18th
assistant, grimed with the labor of sorting
chapter of the gospel of St. Matthew, you
pied type, would rush in and announce they will find my answer." The merchant went
would fix up something else because there home and found this : "and his fellow
were not n's, or e's, or a's enough to set up servant besought him saying, 'have pawhat the perspiring editor had so
tience and I will pay thee all.' "
laboriously composed.
This merchant thought it over, studied
The day before Christmas, 1()08, How- his Bible, and the next day called at the
ard had just seventy cents. His assistant had paint-shop again. He asked Howard to read
thirty cents. They had to spend eighty cents the 8th verse of the 13th chapter of the
of their combined wealth to get enough Epistle to the Hebrews. Howard looked it
paper to issue the next edition of the up and read : "The same yesterday, today,
"Despatch," and they went to bed and forever."
supperless Christmas Eve.
The struggling editor hustled around to
When they arose Christmas morning, secure another advertisement and promptly
hungry, with only a dime apiece, Howard settled.
felt his first serious doubts about the
It was last spring that the tide really
financial prospects of the newspaper
business. They had a long, careful dis- began to turn. It was then Howard met
cussion, and finally decided beans would Herman F. Curtis, a young Salem man of
be the most filling and lasting food that good family, who also had had a disasterous business experience and was
could be obtained for ten cents.
One dime went for beans for breakfast. looking for a new sphere of activity.
They had no dinner. The other dime went Together they decided politics was what the
for more beans for supper. They got up the columns of the "Salem Morning Despatch"
next morning "dead broke," but managed needed to make the paper a paying
to sell enough newspapers to change their proposition.
Until then Howard had modelled his
diet of beans for something more
publication somewhat upon the literary
substantial.
Howard then evolved a scheme which, lines of Addison's "Spectator," not deemhe admits, still sends a glow of pride ing it necessary that a local newspaper
should publish any "news," and so comthrough his veins when he thinks of it.
posing " highbrow literature," as he
�i40
NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE
called it, for his columns.
they had to sit up all night working over the
Always feeling a penchant for literature,
Howard had during his business career written big type like a picture puzzle, trying to
compose an appropriate headline with the
a number of books, several of which sold
successfully. Among them were "Shakespeare few letters available in their type cases.
for the Unsophisticated," "Grandmother's
It is related in this connection that when
Cookbook," "The X Y Z of Wall Street,"
Howard had written a particularly vicious
"Animals That I Have Met," "The Girl From attack upon a certain politician, whose
Boston," "Raising the Dickens," "The Cure for connection with a city deal looked
Insomnia," and others of a humorous nature.
rather shady, the printer rushed in to tell him
Curtis went to City Hall, made friends with the he couldn't set it up because there were too
many N's in the politician's name. Howard
politicians and renewed his friendship with
thought it over, remembered there was
some of them. Not real-. izing his intentions,
another politician concerned in the same
they talked rather fredy. Curtis reported to
Howard, who also had been doing some quiet
affair whose name
sleuthing, and together they composed the
•was spelled with less N's, and the substitution was made.
"Despatch's" first "graft expose," the articles
which have now boosted the circulation from This man, an office holder for 18 years and
67 to 5000, the size of the electionday edition. rather illiterate, was despised by many
This in a city of 38,000 inhabitants. already citizens, but none had sufficient courage or
with one newspaper, the "Salem Evening energy to attack him. The misfortune of not
News," a one-cent, twelve-page, eight-column having N's enough to set up the first name
paper with a news franchise and universally turned out to be a real fortune-for Howard-as
his final selection of the other victim was so
popular.
popular he at once became a sort of hero with
The "Despatch" had no news franchise some citizens.
because its proprietor coul<ln't afford to pay
In the course of his City Hall disclosures,
the price. It was a single sheet paper with only
four pages, and about the size of the ordinary Howard had occasion to find fault with a
number of deals in which Alderman Michael
weekly.
Doyle was implicated. He
When the first "expose" was ready for
alleged the Salem Theatre people had been
publication Howard found he had no large size
type for the "scare head" he considered called unable to connect with the city sewer because
for. and so he scraped together a dollar, car fare their basement was so low, that an order had
to Boston and back, and hustled to the Huh to been put through the city council requiring
buy big type enough to set up the headline he the lowering of the city sewer in an entire
street fronting the theatre at an expense of
had composed.
thousands of dollars, following which Doyle
· That edition of the "Despatch" sold like the
received a job taking tickets at the door at $18
proverbial hot cakes. The newsdealers who
per week, although a boy usually does such
had refused before to have it on their counters, work for about $4 per week. Doyle's nephew
rushed up to the paintshop and begged for
was engaged to play the piano in the theatre.
copies. The old foot-power press contracted a
Alderman Doyle had Howard arrested for
bad attack of asthma and dry heaves under the
criminal libel on Saturday afternoon, at such
muscular assaults of the staff of the
a time that it was very probable the editor
"Despatch," which now comprised three
would have to spend Sunday like common
members, in their strenuous endeavor to run
drunks in a cell. But Judge Sears, who was
off extras.
presiding that day, allowed Howard to go
Howard and Curtis had another "expose" until Monday on his own recognizance.
ready for the next edition, hut when it came to
He produced a plea, written by himself,
setting up the headline
and asked to be allowed to go without bail
when he was finally arraigned. That
�MAYOR ARTHL"R HO\\'ARD OF SALEM
741
MAYOR HOWARD ,\T THE DOOR OF HIS PRl:s'TING OFFICE
document was considered such a model of
legal excellence and rhetoric that it was consented to be bailed out. Four weeks after,
copied by seventy-four newspapers in the his rival, Robin Damon, had him arrested for
libel and he was bailed out again. The man
United States.
The plea was denied, and not desiring to that went on the bond, a liquor dealer named
Hagerty, was so notorious that Howard's
obligate himself to anyone, Howard enemies, includmg the Salem Evening News,
<lecJined a number of offers of bail and went viciously
to jail. For three days he edited his paper attacked mm.
.
from Cell 45. Then contracting a severe
Hagerty promptly issued a statement
attack of rheumatism, he
declaring that anyone who was an enemy
�742
NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE
of Robin Damon, owner of the News, was a
incident alone won Howard many votes.
friend of bis, and although he expected
Howard might some day want to attack him, A few days before election Howard and
he had signed the bail bond because Damon Curtis together composed one of the most
was responsible for the editor's arrest.
remarkable campaign-songs ever sung in
Howard said he consented to Hagerty's America,-a real classic in that form of
assistance because he felt sure the man "literature." It was published in the
could have no axe to grind. Curtis was also "Despatch" and sung about the streets by
enthusiastic citizens as the battle hymn of
arrested and bailed out by his brother.
the Reform Candidate. If it were not so
This occured eight months ago. Howard at
long, it might with interest be quoted here.
once became famous. He announced his
During those last few days there was more
candidacy for mayor and as soon as he got
out of jail he registered as a voter in Salem so demonstration and excitement, a more
as to be eligible. He is still under indictment, general arousing of the citizens than has
however, and is expected to go on trial at the occurred in that staid old Puritan city since
the Revolution, or, perhaps, as some insist,
next sitting of the Superior Court. Salem
since the time of Cotton Mather and the
faces the possibility of having her affairs
dreaded witches. Finally came the election,
conducted from the county jail, in case the
with an overwhelming majority in favor of
jury decides against her interesting
Arthur Howard.
editor-mayor.
Early in the evening when the returns
"An honest mayor in jail is better than a
crooked politician at liberty any day," began to indicate the landslide in the Reannounced Howard, and kept busily at work form Candidate's favor, the younger voters
went wild with enthusiasm. They hired a
on his campaign.
brass band, impressed automobiles, and
About this time he published an article
abducting Howard from the paint-shop
concerning three Mcsweeney brothers. He
where he was preparing to get out an
said Morgan McSweeney, a republican and
"extra," they paraded him through the
member of the liquor commission under
streets before the admiring multitude.
Mayor John Hurley, William McSweeney,
There was a sad note, however, in all
democrat, alderman and a candidate for
mayor, and P. A . .McSweeney, independent the cheering and enthusiasm with which
and insurance and bond agent, were "shaking the populace hailed the election returns,
for Howard had received a telegram from
down" the applicants for liquor licenses to
New York that day, summoning him to the
their own considerable profit. He charged that
death-bed of his father. He was followed to
when an applicant went to Morgan Mcthe railroad station by the most enthusiastic
Sweeney for a license, he was required to
crowd ever seen in the city, thousands who
retain Brother Bill as counsel and go to
Brother P. A. to obtain his bond. This article, were all fighting for a chance to shake hands
entitled "Both Ends and the Middle," resulted with the man from whom a few weeks
in so severe a beating from the enfuriated P. before they would not as much as purchase
a penny paper. It was with difficulty that he
A. McSweenev,
got away from them and into his train. He
a powerful man six feet tall. that tl-ie editor
was obliged to go away for a week in order to reached New York just too late to receive his
father's blessing and ten him of his having
recuperate sufficiently to appear in public
succeeded at last; his father had died.
again on the stump. Nevertheless, though
McSweeney was very friendly with the men Howard got back to Salem two days later to
who were prosecuting Howard for libel, the find money showering into his little
paint-shop newspaper office from
latter refused to prosecute him saying that
merchants eager to get a few lines, at least,
the man had merely allowed his temper to
of advertising into his now famous paper.
gain the better of his self-control. This
He rushed an order off for modern linotype
machines, printing presses, and is making
plans to renovate the old
�MAYOR ARTHUR HOWARD OF SALElI
74
building where he began so humbly a year
3
dates. They couldn't speak French. I can. I
ago, into a modern newspaper office.
Howard does not look like a mayor, nor yet addressed the French citizens in their own
language and it made a hit with them. So
like an editor. He looks more like ·a
they voted for me.
travelling salesman. He is tall and slight, not
"One of my first official acts will be to
at all strong physically, but his face makes remove City Marshal. Joseph W. Dane.
up for any deficiency in that respect. It is
The mayor has the authority both of
that of a fighter.· The clear gray eyes are
nominating and removing the city marshal.
level and seem to see through the man with I think that one of the things that defeated
whom he may be talking. In the corners of
Mayor Hurley was his retention of Dane in
the eyes are the footprints of Howard's ever office.
ready smile, for he does not make the
"I shall ask each of the aldermen to
mistake of taking life too seriously. He even name a candidate for city marshal, and I
jokes about his fight for the mayoralty,
shall select one of them. If at any time any
"Running for mayor," says he, "is like being two aldermen bring me a complaint
seasick. When a man's seasick, he is afraid against the man I select I shall at once pref
at first he's going to die, and at the last of it er charges against him.
he's afraid he won't die. When I announced
"I intend to combine efficiency with
myself a candidate I was afraid I wouldn't economy, honesty with politics, and give
win, and the last of it I was afraid I would." Salem the best administration next year
A platform as unique as his career was that the city ever had. If I don't make good
announced by the editor~mayor when he it won't be my fault. In my inaugural
was met by an interviewer, as he was address I shall call attention to twenty-five
returning from his father's funeral.
improvements that can be made under the
"There are several things which it won't existing city ordinances in the conduct of
do to talk about until I am ready to put in city affairs."
practice," said he, "but for one thing I am Howard also announced that he would
going to publish in full every bill against the devote all his salary as mayor to the fund for
city which is presented to me for approval. playgrounds for children in Salem. But his
They will be published in my paper, where enemies were still abroad and very busy. A
every citizen can see what Salem is asked to disinterested spectator may well suggest that
pay for, by whom, and how much.
he should not have made public his
"And I am going to see what can be done charitable design, for this was the first of his
about removing the present excise cherished plans that enemies undertook to
commissioners,'' continued the mayorelect. thwart. Among the bitter exigencies of the
"I have found the mayor has power to preceding twelve months, several bills had
remove them if they dabble in politics. I am accrued -for printing and for board. At the
going to see the three commissioners right instigation of hostile politicians, an ataway. If they refuse to resign, I think I will tachment was forthwith placed upon his
have no trouble in removing them.
salary, so that for the first time in the history
"My idea of a License Commission is a of New England it is said, perhaps in the
board· composed of one representative history of our whole country, a mayor could
business man, one laboring man, and one not touch a penny of the money his city owed
Frenchman. Out of the thirty-seven him until his creditors had been appeased.
licenses granted by the present commission Having accomplished this bit of strategy,
only one was given to a Frenchman,
they next proceeded to win over the man who
. which I consider very unfair to the large
had so eagerly offered surety for the
French population of Salem.
harrassed editor last fall, Daniel P. Hagerty
"It was our French citizens that helped a taking advantage of the present critical
lot in my election. This is where I had the period while his father's estate is being
bulge on the four other candisettled. At the close of March, Mayor
Howard's secretary was astonished at receiving notice to the effect that Hagerty
�74
4
NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE
would surrender the mayor to custody unless new
not being treated fairly. I think he is in the right
bondsmen were secured before the following
Saturday night. This fact quickly became known in and means to do the fair thing by his city. Why
the city, and there ensued another of the thrilling de- should he be so criticised and found fault with
velopments of this remarkable story. The women of and abused? Wouldn't you, if you Jived in
Salem did not propose that their mayor should go to Salem, want to see a man given chance when
he is doing his best?"
jail again. Without intimating their plan to the
mayor, or indeed to anyone, they hastily canvassed
Mrs. Little, whose husband is the present
the city for one-dollar subscriptions to the necessary Collector of the Port, remarked:
fund. Miss Charlotte Fairfield, the coal dealer who "Yes, Mayor Howard is giving us a dignified
recently made a plucky and famous fight against the administration; but of course there is always
antagonism toward a true reformer on the part
Salem coal trust, was in charge, and the club
of those who are sure to be hit in the event of a
members, society women, and leaders in the best
reform wave."
feminine influences of Salem,-among them Kate
Tannat Woods, the author; Mrs. David M. Little, Mayor Howard appears always in good spirits,
wife of a former mayor; Mrs. George L. Adams; and declares that he is not troubled by what his
and Mrs. W. H. Gove, - were active subscribers. Soenemies may say about him, that possibly some
strong was the feeling, that when the scheme was who are now talking may themselves be later
welJ under way, it could scarcely be stopped.
committed to jail. He has already accomplished
Dollars kept pouring into :Miss Fairfield's office many of the reforms he intended, and states that
long after they were no longer needed. The amount more surprises may be expected. He is indeed
of the bond, $800, was raised within a few the hero of one of the most curious and romantic
hours. and represented eight hundred individual politic situations that has occurred in our
suhscril,ers, all women. ::\Iayor Howard was country since those exciting days just
prior to the Civil War, and not only New
deeply touched by this proof
of sympathy and inspired to renewed effort. nor England but all the States await with interest
could he refuse a new bond so heartilv what further events wiJJ follow while he is in
office.
furnished. Therefore he is still
at liberty,
His latest announcement is that he intends to
But his enemies now had a new subject for
become Congressman from the Salem district,
l'on1111ent. "Hiding behind the skirts of
and he has been making some intensely
women!" Mrs, George L. Adams exdaime<I
interesting and characteristic speeches at dubs
indignantly on hearing this gossip. "\\'hy, if such and dinners in and about the towns and cities
a thing as that is ever said, the women of Salem outlying Salem, no doubt with this purpose in
will raise up in a body and dcnnunce the author! view, though speaking always by invitation.
lfavor Howard was in utter iRTiorance o( our
Recently some of his busy political enemies
plans. He did not know what we had done until spread a rumor that the Mayor had decided to
we offered the cash itself in court. I consider it
give up and leave Salem for good. On being
rather shamcinl that the men clid not take the
asked about this, Mr. Howard's serious eyes
initiative in this matter and not leave it to the
lighted for an instant. "Quit !" he exclaimed,
women. Xe) rloubt this affair will interest Salem then added quietly: "Xo, not till the end of the
women more in politics in future."
last day of next December, and then only be:Miss Fairfield stated why the women were cause I'm going to Congress."
so ready to co-operate in the matter. "Our reason
His editorial ways are as unusual as his
for this? w-n, we think ;\Tayor Howard is a Political views. His little office partitioned off
gentl<•man and is
in a comer of the paint-shop loft is a most
interesting place. It is furnished with a rickety
table patched up with a rough board and
covered with brown paper fastened on with
nails. This
a
�MAYOR ARTHUR HOWARD OF SALEM
745
is his desk. There is a battered' kitchen chair
with a split seat for a desk chair. A dilapidated sold . . • . What I the Boston marketmen want
Morris chair which has seen better days is 500 papers? Sorry, but we haven't got them ..•.
placed beside the table for callers. In the corner No, can't do it. Our printer's gone home to
is a rusty stove. On a rough board shelf is a supper and we can't print any more papers until
much thumbed dictionary and a few city pam- he gets back .... No, can't promise any in the
morning. You'll have to wait until our new
phlets.
A row of spikes driven into the wall is Mr. machinery is set up . . . . No, can't let you have
Howard's letter file. The method of filing is to any back copies, either. The newsdealers came
stab the head of a spike through the letter being in today and bought them all up. Goodbye."
Just then the printer-who was typecareful to perform the stabbing in alphabetical
setter and all the rest of the mechanical
order.
A Bible and a telephone-a very recent department, too-got back from supper.
innovation-are placed handily upon the table. Presently he rushed into the editorial sanctum,
The bookmark in the Bible to mark the editor's type stick in one hand and copy in the other.
favorite text is a handsome, unmounted "Here, I don't like this. It ought to go this way,"
photograph of his wife. Opposite, against the he announced, rattling off a sentence.
"Oh, that's all right," assented Curtis with
bare boards of the wall, where his eyes may rest
upon it when he glances up from his editorial ready good nature. "Go as far as you like. Fix it
up to suit yourself."
duties, is a large photograph of his daughter.
The Despatch office is a model democracy.
"Now that you are rich and famous,"
ventured the interviewer, just after the election,
Since this article was written. one of the
"and your paper is booming, will yon publish
political storms that had for months been
any news in it?" •
.. J hadn't thought of that yet," said Howard, ' gathering over Mayor Howard's devoted head
I ··t T don't see why I should. If people 111.e broke ; he was brought to trial late in June on
them the charge of criminal libel for which last year
politics and literature, why should I
with murders and scandals? It's not necessarv to he was imprisoned. But the result of this trial
publish news in a newspaper unless people de- was a mighty shock to the "ring" which the
mand it. Besides, you have to hire reporters, pay Mayor fought so strenuously both before and
for telegrams and go to a lot of expense and since election. After an exciting and
nerve-racking trial, and an all-night deliberation
trouble.
"Now, right at the head of the editorial of the jury, during which all
column I invite anybody who hears any news to •the Mayor's friends fought the heaviest odds for
bring it in and I'll consider it. The only kind of him, a verdict of acquittal on each and all of the
news worth publishing is the news for which eight counts against him was rendered. Then the
there is a popular demand. If there is a popular city went -vild with delight; visions of jail and r
demand for a piece of news, any reader will he olitical martyrdom were dispelled by various
sure to bring it in and if there is any room for it, happy demonstrations such as, perhap e, no
and it's not scandalous or libelous, I'll publish other mayor has ever experienceu, Impromptu
receptions and flag-flying showed the whole
it."
While the interviewer sat in the paintshop district to be in the gayest of holiday moods.
private office chatting with H. F. Curtis, Also the 8oo women who had furnished $1 each
Publisher Howard's editorial and reportorial to make up the bail bond a few months previous,
staff rolled into one, the 'phone was continually declined to take back their monev.
During the harrowing hours while the jury
ringing and Mr. Curtis' voice would be heard in
deliberated, and hope sank so low. Mayor
a onesided conversation something like. this:
"Hello • . . . Yes, this is the Salem Despatch Howard wrote in place of his
office . . . No, every copy is
arn,ct
�746
NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE
customary editorial in the Despatch, the
following poem, which is the only public
expression of his many months of suffering he
has ever made :
Dark is this world; my sun gone down, No
star of hope for me to rise,
The face of all things wears a frown, Or on
the earth or on the skies.
Without an anchor_,:_where to ride,
And chased around in every storm.
No home, no haven, where to steer; No
chart, a sea without a shore; No buoy, or
light or beacon near; No one to weep
when I'm no more.
Next day, when the shadows were all so
suddenly dispelled, he said in an interview: ''I
Go on, unpitying world, go onPour all
want to thank all my staunch friends who have
thy vengeance on my head,
stuck by me through all this. There is nothing
And when the cup's last dregs are gone I,
of bitterness in my heart for those who sought
then, shall have no more to dread.
to bring about my imprisonment. I have only
forgiveness for my enemies and any elation I
Long have I toiled to live-in vain.
may feel is, I think, pardonable. .My greatest
joy is in the happiness of my friends. I acted
For life is naught, devoid of rest; Long
honestly and the people believed me when they
struggled with the strife for fame, Long kept
made me Mayor; the jury believed me when
my sorrows in my breast.
they found me not guilty. I'm a happy man
tonight." His victory at the polls, his
Why was I made; or why thus born, The
Uvictory in the courts and his personal
sport of every wayward gale? Launched on
fpopularity, evidenced so generally today, lead
an ocean dark, forlorn; A leaky, shattered
his friends to predict confidentially that he wiJJ
crazy sail,
he a winner in his fight for Congress against A.
Without a compass or a guide,
P. Gardner.
n
Without a rudder in a storm,
AUTUMN FOLIAGE FROM LAWRENCE OBSERVATORY B>'
FREDERICK MERRILL PYKE
Pray, tell me not that Homer's Times are dead
,vhen from this slender steel-reared height
Earth drops away beneath the sight
Like an unwelcome mist, and there, instead Breathe
round ethereal seas of Autumn red, And changeful
green, and silver-white, Thro' whose soft tides of
lucent light Anon some boulder Ii fts a shaggy head;
Glarlly on such a wonder-sea as this
Would I launch out, Ulysses-like of old, Make sail
within the vessel of my dreams, And westward fare,
until bright Atlantis
Rose heavenward thro' the spray of blue and gold, Her marble domes aglow
with rosy gleams.
�8.
7.
10.
9.
11.
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IIOTII BRANCHES' 01' TH 1,i CITY COUNCIi, •: ~
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OATH m• m•.t>.tCR: ALr.mnMAN~OJPitono MAl\>~:l
!'RESIDENT OF TIIAT BRANCH. Aiip JOJnt:trc:,;
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Election T~eatm~t Years Residence .
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and Guards .
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He Married Last April; After Divorcing', Be;,h,. ITu, s<la,·, Jan•·,3_ 8 p ,r.-,,-~--;;.. . bulldln~,'~"de a rus11..'.iµ:.1~,t.1
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AFtlui-r,:Piatt Howard, mayof'-~f Salem in Hf!O. is de arl. Word to'.t11e mr1h !t<:mon~tration t111s· arter-f be checked-fn- a:n~·-athet'_- way! ;.tilei ,; that effect reached Salem, as- _a
result of The Sews inquiries at .\·cn--=-Jnoqr: in w ntch at le.a::;t_ 10 pETsor.s -wen1guard~ o~en.e_d fire. The..stiootlng ..
Haven, ycstcrday __ afteenoou. but too late for publication in the la-stf1rnrea ri-rd many <i~h~•~ were wou~rieu,u,t cl~s.e ran.ge and the _fto_nt .?f: .~~-~ ..
d;•·
·
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lhy mach!r.·· g;:n hre from guaru'5 ·n;huU<lmg \\"1\s tlt~red with ~.ea.'d ~r,•,f,
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,
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It fr,.::t 1,! :he Hei~h!=.TUg t:•.1.H·ling.
lwonntlc,l. ,The most severe easuaitics· -1
·~~ tormer mayor of ~his Cit)\ _who:-e s.pecta.cular tlect1on ~J)d
The rn,:,b, · ori;tlniz•:d h:,- 1-:xtr,~intst~ .wero rnflict_•_« on":-[he oro·w'il whlch---8. 1J .. J_.
f!tete?nc·~~!' s:ttr~ncd W;'d~ att~n\1011, sll-':c.:-u_mbed t<? .~n op.eratwu ,us 41.-r,rou*.\t a_gain):'J. the irirtu_i;trla~ proa.ched from _the Simonstrass_e side! JPr_ mtt~tmal troubie. r,er:ormt'!d at the !\ew Ha\'en
hospital. tOJcounr1:·s 1i:.:i: now h(·fur-.· the heic-h-ji>f' the- stt'iltture:-·ort1e-r..,.w-as-·snbn-~·re•'t£1
v.~luc_h he was taken !ast week from a sanitari11m in \\-'e-~t HaYcn: ,-·:ap;, 1;,,.c:;a:~ :o ~attlH ·bdo:·e no,rn .. ~aored.
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.
.
that t:-1it Thur~day an_ emergCnCv operation· was de"cmc<l ncccs~arv.1 i:~'l'?'trn·_ w:.s-· :rtt\\"d('n-·-.,'1!h nr:i~e~ t_-ot uTlttl·? .o"clock,_ ;ovtret1 tt·"'°'·a:s·annou_ucE!df·'
Thi~ ,wa$ rc:formcd< b1_1t th_e patient. ~~.JlDt
,. ~
r.aifY~-----··-----~ _:__ .- : · ~~;g~~ J~-~;1~\~~!:1~,n~e:d ~ ll:~~~n,~ ~;~ . .- ~~Ji~~ri :~i~~~~-~!enp~~!~n~i
1
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--- · :··-:~he- -bun-al --t-o-ei-:-;t,tat"~ Saturdar. at- \Voocfta:,,·1;;-·ccmetery, :'l:e"· t,d,-,r,,_ .ti1t• · 'nei,:Ji;:iag ·bui!din·g:·- th':' ·o'i" fhe .6.Uff~Ing.-- _!f ___________________________ ,_ ~-- :,~---~-·---
'. ~;K Cl!y. He lra\'eS a :•widow·, Jane_( De .Marr, a 10rmer actrcs~. uf au~hnri!it.""!; Jrnd ~ur:·our.ded the ~11lldGustav Noske, the mlnl5tett o_f'·de"(:]li1t~go, to wbc,rn r-c was married b.st .. .r\pril; also -a _da.ug!i.tcr by ·a \z.,g wi:11 puh!ic sH·uii!y glJ;;,rd~ &nd H•nf=P., h·f,.been'appQint'ed,~mm.an~
prc\"lous marriage. . -- 1
• • nuct:!ne gunen•, t'\·ho barred au a.p~ in.-chlef for the gre.a.ter atrlln dU1t
:-..: :\r:tlrur 1-~- ·H_ov,.-ard · t:,:l.tne to Salem in Q.ctr.iber,. rnris. and l~ pr-o_acbt•:;_ .As tlrt.e pa,:.:_Hl,;i }!_}~. ·.;'i·1_w~ an.d· Branden.burg _ provl!)c·~:--.S~ii months later was elenrd rl,aJ:or rn a
tin~-cornc-red C.:mpaig-n• hv. a -:w~~. y,.rn~_ t .. y sH-~t-tHt-~:1 ~rn,/;,,~--'7 ~-~di<l'~·~h!W'~ ·r· p;~rality _'?i 2~0 .. \'oteS. 1-!:s el_ect~on. ;ind ::;_Uhseqnent, exrcri~nte\~ ~t
~~1:i:1;~:~~
t~y !=t,c~tJie~
!r·l'~('!j. \\ tde ~_ttcn_~.1on.
\\~.'I(" of ·~ R,1~~: aanv; ~e::,,1~reo uu~:
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_no,;ab1) ~!_s .. met~Q'.1c ca_rec-~ in th·e __ Jotrrfia·lis- Attempt:; ·w.l'n.", n ::idi:: .t,1,· thl! ,s-u'-1.niJ
---- - . ·- . -- .. -'_/"' .• •
.. r neld, nut n:.nly m -rh1s c,-r..-, b--ut m Burhmrton \· t. whl'T£ tre went ,,., -~ ... ,,,,,.,, rhr< __._, -tnrt-·1t--v.·a1t ·he
__ Jt,Jfl~ .. H:J.4 wa~111!!..(). e:un ·1..fl11L. .. WJb
. • • _ •,: "" • • _ " '"·" - .... ·""'-'• ~ •
a f> ,e n he · ob ~cl ek-· nd ··;,
11, 1915. He- a.Tsu sen cd 01~e term as a member of the board of alder- lesfi of w-a.tntng fron ,J1e pol1c(i. ~ -- , 1~-t / flo c 1 mt ._atll ~--~ -T~" "
r~cn. ~n S~lem iol~ow\ng ~1is m~1.y;.or~.,it~· t~·rm of ·J9J~. .1 ~ e· __ so~ht Fir~d ~n Ru&hln'g Mob . j . ~~.:
e~,:·es:t·
e,ect1v~3
l~~~-.~~-m_!?_l_!J<,J.!._l~~_!.21.-=. term. but was Gefeated: '-' • At la.~t, the mob. re.gardles~ o! tbl! building. Later the corre-pondent or·.,
,u,:~erHr.;h~
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Briggs Street
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
25 Briggs Street, Salem, MA 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House Histories
Description
An account of the resource
Built for
Richard Savory
Cooper and wife
Betsy Lewis
1805
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built: 1805
House History Written: March 2020
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Robert Booth & Amy Kellett
Language
A language of the resource
English
1805
2020
25/Briggs Street
Cooper
Lewis
Massachusetts
Salem
Savory