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1b66645941d0226a34a7f3f98767e2d7
PDF Text
Text
. OFflCE AT OLD TOWN HALL
POST OFFICE BOX 865
SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS 01970 / PHONE (617) 745-0799
14 English Street
Built for
1
JOSEPH WEBB, boatbuilder
by 1807
I
I
.
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.Research by,
Janice Welenc
Verification by,
Joyce King
March 1 Q8Lt.
"to preserve Historic Sites, Buildings and objects,
· 11nd to work for the education of the community
in the true t"alue of the .fame."
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�14 English Street
Book 181 page 93
May 28, 1805
Samuel Masury, mariner, and wife Elizabeth
sold a lot of land to Joseph Webb:
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Book 181 page 93
March 27, 1807
$2,000
Joseph Webb, boatbuilder, sold a dwelling
house and land to Daniel Moore, shipwright.
The same property as described in the deed
frorn Samuel Masury.
Book 185 paee 73
July 29, 1808
Daniel Moore, shipwright, and his wife
Margaret, mortgaged the land and dwelling
house to Isaac Stilman Bullock, trader.
�(~
Book 420 page 124
Nov. 19, 1849
!-850
Isaac s. Bullock, trader, and wife Sarah
sold the land and dwelling house to
Daniel Gilman, ropemaker.
Book 3615 page 273
July 29, 1948
Clarence and Grace E. Richardson, heirs
of Daniel Gilman, sold the land and
buildings to Clarence and Nita Stewart.
Book 3870 page 223
Jan. 14, 1952
Nita Stewart sold the land and building
to Roland and Annette Dumas. The same
property as described in deed book b615
page 273.
Book 4146 page 587
March 11, 1955
Roland and Annette Dumas sold the land
and building to Anthony J. and Ruth E.
Welenc. The sa~e conveyed by deed
recorded in book 3870 page 223.
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Probate numbers are cases at Probate Court. Both offices are located
in the same buildine on Federal St.
All maps in this report are
not meant to be exact, just for illustration purposes.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
English Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
14 English Street, Salem, MA 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built by 1807 for Joseph Webb, boatbuilder, on land purchased in 1805 from Samuel Masury. Webb sold the house to Daniel Moore, shipwright, in 1807. Moore mortgaged the property to Isaac Stilton Bullock, trader, in 1808. In 1849 Bullock sold it to rope maker Daniel Gilman. His heirs sold it to Clarence and Nita Stewart in 1948. It was purchased in 1952 by Roland and Annette Dumas, who sold the property in 1955 to Anthony and Ruth Welenc.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.; Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built by 1807; researched 1984
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Researched by Janice Welenc, verified by Joyce King
Language
A language of the resource
English
14 English Street
1805
1807
1984
boatbuilder
Daniel Gilman
Federal
Isaac Bullock
Joseph Webb
Salem MA
Welenc
wood
-
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569dc93aa93efe36ab50c8f26f8a8bf7
PDF Text
Text
~GJiiisto:ric
~~~rporated
POST OFFICE BOX 865
OFFICE AT OLD TOWN HALL
SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS 01970 / PHONE (617) 745-0799
30 ENGLISH STREET
Built for
WIDOW MARTHA RICE
CIRCA 1800
Research by,
Joyce King
June 1985
"to preserve Historic Sites, Buildings and objects,
and to work for the education of the community
in the true t>alue of the same."
�30 ENGLISH ST. (formerly #9 English St.)
BOOK 164 PAGE 80
DATE -
June 5, 1798
CONSIDERATION
$180
GRANTOR (seller) -
Martha Rice widow, administratrix of
the estate of David Hilliard
GRANTEE (buyer)
John Becket
DESCRIPTION
East end of a dwelling house with
small piece of land
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being late John Mascoll's
North - Abigail Masury
East - English St.
South - Clifford Crowninshield
West - other part of house
BOOK 164 PAGE 80
DATE -
June 5, 1798
GRANTOR (seller) -
John Becket
GRANTEE (buyer)
Martha Rice, widow
DESCRIPTION
The same premises as described above
The old dwelling house was probably taken down shortly after
1798 as it is not mentioned again after that date.
Martha Rice, the widow of Edward, had her small dwelling house
built on the site sometime after the June 1798 sale. The exact
date can not be determined at this time.
Since she was a poor
widow, her tax must have been abated as her name does not
appear on the tax list.
Rev. William Bentley mentions this house in his diary on
December 24, 1816.
"Martha Rice, pr. sick. Some internal cause of exq. pain.
She is·a daughter of Mr. Hilliard of the Old Rope Walk which
ran between Becket & English streets & he had a house in
English' street upon the site of which this d(aughter) has a
small dwelling H.
She has two children, a son and D. but not
able to afford her any assistance."
Martha Rice, widow died on July 19, 1826.
appendix A)
(see probate
�BOOK 312 PAGE 194-5
DATE -
1832 (recorded in 1839)
GRANTOR (seller) -
The heirs of Martha Rice
GRANTEE (buyer)
William Webb 3rd
DESCRIPTION
All real estate of our grandmother, Martha Rice
North - William Manning's Ct.
East - English St.
South - Widow Hill
West - William Foy
William Webb 3rd died in March 1836. His real estate was
listed as "small dwelling house and land adjoining in English
st. $450".
(probate #29088)
BOOK 312 PAGE 194
DATE -
October 8, 1838 (recorded in 1839)
CONSIDERATION
$25
GRANTOR (seller) -
Thomas Needham administrator of
the estate of William Webb
GRANTEE (buyer)
Harriet Webb
DESCRIPTION
Lot of land and dwelling house
�BOOK 312 PAGE 196
DATE -
February 22, 1839
CONSIDERATION
$1
GRANTOR (seller) -
William and Hannah Foye
GRANTEE (buyer)
Harriet Webb
DESCRIPTION
parcel of land
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3?
l
fo f'e
Harriet Webb died on November 29, 1862. Her real estate was
listed as - "one piece of land and house on English st. $450"
(probate #56469)
BOOK 665 PAGE 138
DATE -
April 14, 1864
CONSIDERATION
$1
GRANTOR (seller) -
Eben W. Kimbal of Boston
executor of the estate of
Harriet Webb
GRANTEE (buyer)
Sarah W. Buxton wife of Charles
DESCRIPTION
All real estate belongin to the
estate - a house and land #9 English
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the homestead of Webb
(Probate of Harriet Webb #56469 - Real estate: 1 piece of land
and house on English st. valued at $450)
�BOOK 1056 PAGE 134
DATE -
April 27, 1881
CONSIDERATION
$600
GRANTOR (seller) -
Sarah w. Buxton of Pelham, Ma
wife of Charles w. Buxton
GRANTEE (buyer)
David Foley
DESCRIPTION
Lot of land and buildings
#30 English St.
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the same premises conveyed
to me by Eben w. Kimball exc.
BOOK 1619 PAGE 476
DATE -
September 27, 1900
CONSIDERATION
$1 and other valuable consideration
GRANTOR (seller) -
David Foley
GRANTEE (buyer)
Charles Cousins
DESCRIPTION
Land and building #30 English St.
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the same premises conveyed to
me by deed of Charles W. Buxton et ux
BOOK 1619 PAGE 477
DATE -
September 27, 1900
CONSIDERATION
$1 and other valuable consideration
GRANTOR (seller) -
Charles Cousins
GRANTEE (buyer)
Margaret F. Foley
DESCRIPTION
Land and building
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the same premises conveyed to
me by deed of David Foley of an even
date
#30 English st.
�BOOK 1833 PAGE 545
DATE -
July 18, 1906
CONSIDERATION
$1 and other valuable consideration
GRANTOR (seller) -
Margaret Foley
GRANTEE (buyer)
Jacob Rubinovitz
DESCRIPTION
Land and building #30 English st.
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the same premises conveyed to
me said Margaret Foley by deed of
Charles Cousins Sept. 27, 1900
BOOK 1835 PAGE 327
DATE -
August 9, 1906
CONSIDERATION
$1 and other valuable consideration
GRANTOR (seller) -
Jacob M. Rubinovitz of Boston
GRANTEE (buyer)
John P. Dwyer and Mary s. Dwyer
DESCRIPTION
Land and building #30 English St.
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Same premises conveyed to me by deed
of Margaret Foley July 1906
(p
I. 3
�BOOK 2675 PAGE 110
DATE -
April 22, 1926
CONSIDERATION
none given
GRANTOR (seller) -
Ellen A. Clark of Peabody
GRANTEE (buyer)
Fremont Czerniawski
DESCRIPTION
Land and building
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the same premises conveyed
to me by Mary E. Dwyer by deed
March 28, 1924
BOOK 2696 PAGE 522
DATE -
September 13, 1926
CONSIDERATION
none given (mortgage $15,000)
GRANTOR (seller) -
Fremont Czerniawski
GRANTEE (buyer)
Fremont and Julia czerniawski
DESCRIPTION
Land and building
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the same premises conveyed tome
by Ellen A. Clark on April 22, 1926
BOOK 6545 PAGE 26
DATE -
December 1, 1978
CONSIDERATION
$18,500 (mortgage $15,000)
GRANTOR (seller) -
Wanda H. Casabona administratrix
of the estate of Julia Czerniawski
GRANTEE (buyer)
Robert c. Bramble trustee
DESCRIPTION
Land and building
\
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the same premises conveyed by
deed of Fremont Czerniawski
�BOOK 6607 PAGE 1
DATE -
June 29, 1979
CONSIDERATION
none given
GRANTOR (seller) -
Robert c. Bramble, trustee of
Cook Realty Trust
GRANTEE (buyer)
Robert c. Bramble of Allyn Realty
Trust
DESCRIPTION
Land and building
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Being the same premises conveyed to
me by deed of Wanda H. Casabona
administratrix of the estate of
Julia czerniawski on Dec. 1, 1978
BOOK 6607 PAGE 2
DATE -
June 29, 1979
CONSIDERATION
$31,000
GRANTOR (seller) -
Robert c. Bramble, trustee
GRANTEE (buyer)
Linda K. Bumagin
DESCRIPTION
Land and buildng
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Same premises conveyed to me by deed
of Robert Bramble trustee of Cook
Realty Trust
BOOK 7562 PAGE 24
DATE -
October 26, 1984
CONSIDERATION
$93,000
GRANTOR (seller) -
Linda K. Bumagin
GRANTEE (buyer)
John P. and Katherine H. Debo
of Arlington, VA
DESCRIPTION
Land and building
PREVIOUS REFERENCE -
Same premises conveyed by deed of
Robert Bramble trustee as recorded
in deed book 6607 page 002
��,
Tm ESSEX AN'llQUARIAN.
lied Becket
Ince been· so
:nue, as it is
r since 1680.
through land
in or before
new highway,
ulton street,
distinguished
on the map
in or before
l "a" show
la new town
tom the Long
70; the new
,7 ; and Derby
in 1770 by
:ailed in 1770
!ft open for a
ened by John
d it out as a
nite street July
t
by Joseph Bla. public way by
: water was in
laid out about
·ere used a few
now a part of
use. The an.ighway against
; and the way
>r in 1770·
:>r was called ye
. harbor, 1664;
:a, 1676; ye sea
" 1682 ; ye harthe salt water,
r41•
, Joseph Swasey,
.ry and Thomas
wn on the map,
of Joseph Swadem, carpenter,
of Salem, sbipds, a house and
. it. lying between
land of Edward Harnett and Ric: Lambert,
April 9, 1655.• This lot included. the
lots of Mary Webb, Sarah Bartoll, John
Becket, Samuel Phippen, John and Mary
Marston, Jacob Fowle, Daniel Webb and
Estate of Job Hilliard, as shown on the
map., The' dwelling house stood on the
Mary Webb lot on the street, where its
site is marked on the map. This land
was a field, called, in 1671, "Job's field."t
In the sketches that follow, after 1700,
titles and deeds referred to pertain to the
houses and land adjoining and not always
to the whole lot, the design being, after
that date, to give the history of the houses
then standing principally.
John Swasey House. Joseph Swasey of.
Salem, seaman, owned this lot and the
lots of Joseph Swasey adjoining, of Abigail
Masury, and of Thomas Mascoll, as early
as 1658. Upon this lot he built a dwelling
house before 1661. He conveyed the
house and lot to his son John Swasey of
Salem, mariner, April 2, 1689.t . John
Swasey died in 17-; and'the house .was
gone before 1763, when his heirs disposed
of the land .
Joseph Swasey Lot. This lot belonged
to Joseph Swasey as early as 1658. He
died in or before 1709, and his administrator, for fifteen pounds, conveyed the
lot to Joshua Tyler of Salem, mariner,
May 10, 1717.§
William and Abigail Masury Loi. This
lot was owned by Joseph Swasey as early as
1658, and he conveyed it, in consideration
of love, to his daughter Abigail Masury
and ht'r husband William Masurv and to
the heirs of the body of Abigail April 21,
1688.U Mr. Masury died before 1717,
and she continued to own the lot in 1734.
Thomas and Mary Mastoll House. This
lot was owned by Joseph Swasey as early
as l 65 8, and he conveyed it, in considera·
tion of love, to his daughter Mary Mascoll
and her husband Thomas Mascoll of Salem,
YE TowNE 5Tll£~
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PART OF SALEM IN 1700. NO. 22.
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•Essex Registry of Deeds, book 1, leaf 26.
tEssex Registry of Deeds, book 3, leaf n4.
:!:Essex Registry of·Deeds, book 24, leaf 244.
§Essex Registry of Deeds, book 32, leaf 137•
llEssex Registry of Deeds, book 16, leaf 7.
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�THS ESSEX ANTIQUARIAN.
mariner, April 20, l 688. • Mr. Mascoll
built a house on the lot, and they resided
there until their deaths, which occured
before March 101 1721-2, when adminis·
tration was granted upon his estate. Their
house and land were appraised at one hundred pounds. The sons, John and Joseph
Mascoll, both of Salem, the first being a
mariner, and the second a shipwright, divided the house and lot between them by
deeds, Sept. 16, 1729,t though an agreement to the same effect bad been made
Sept. 8, 1725.t John· had the easterly
end of the house, and Joseph the westerly
end.
John Mascoll, for thirty-three pounds,
six shillings and eight pence, conveyed
his part of the house and land to Samuel
Webb of Salem, mariner, Dec. 6, 1754.§
Mr. Webb, for forty-six pounds, thirteen
shillings and four pence, conveyed his
part of the house and lot to William Crispin of Salem, mariner, Jan. 29, 1765.ll
Mr. Crispin, for a similar consideration,
conveyed the same estate to David Hilliard of Salem, rope maker, Aug. 6, 1765.~
Mr. Hilliard died possessed of the lot and
the east end of the house and the barn
before July l 1, 1792, when administration
was granted upon his estate. The half of
the house and land that belonged to it
were then appraised at twenty-one pounds,
three shillings and four pence. His administratrix, for one hundred and eighty
dollars, conveyed the same estate to John
Becket of Salem, gentleman, June 5,
1798 ;••and on the same day and for a
similar consideration he conveyed it to
widow Martha Rice of Salem (the administratrix of the estate of Mr. Hilliard).••
The westerly half of the house and the
remainder of the lot were conveyed by
Joseph Mascoll, for one hundred and forty-three pounds, to Zachariah Curtis of
•Essex Registry of Deeds, book 18, leaf 9.
tEsaex Registry of Deeds, John to Joseph, book
55, leaf 41, and Joseph to John, book 52 1 leaf 87.
tEsaex Registry of Deeds, book 4 7, leaf 120.
IEssex Registry of Deeds, book 101, leaf 90.
llE&aex Registry of Deeds, book 1161 leaf 62.
'![Essex ReP.try of Deeds, book 150, leaf 167.
••Essex Reg\stiy of Deeds, book 164 1 leaf So.
Salem, cordwainer, Feb. 11, 1734.• Mr.
Curtis died possessed of the Jot and westerly end of the house before Sept. 24,
1763, when, for thirteen pounds, six shillings and eight pence, his daughter Abi·
gail Curtis of Salem, spinster, conveyed
two-fifths of the same to Clifford Crownin·
shield of Salem, ropemaker, t Ebenezer
Curtis of Salem, hatter, son of the deceased, for twenty-six pounds, thirteen
shillings and four pence, conveyed threefifths of the same to Mr. Crowninshield
March 30, 1767.t Their widowed mother,
Abigail Curtis of Salem, joined in each of
these deeds.
The house was probably taken down
soon after 1798.
Philip English Houses. This lot and
the John Carter lot constituted the homestead of William Goose, who was admitted to the church here in 1637, and who
died" many years" before 1664, probably
in or before 1656. In 1664, his widow
was distracted and unable to provide for
herself. The town of Salem having been
at great expense for her for eight years,
complained to the court, which appointed
the selectmen administrators of Mr.
Goose's estate June 28, 1664. This house
(which had been built prior to 1661) and
the land were then appraised at fifty
pounds. The Goose house was the one
located midway of the lot on what is now
English street. The administrators of Mr.
Goose's estate conveyed the house and
eastern half of the entire lot of Mr. Goose
to John Clifford of Salem, rope-maker, Feb.
28, 1664-5 ;§ and the western half of the
lot to John Goose of Salem, mariner, on
the same day.II Mr. Goose conveyed bis
half of the lot to Mr. Clifford July 23,
1666.11 Mr. Clifford, who had removed
to Lynn, conveyed the Goose house and
lot to Jacob Allen of Salem, mariner,
Sept. 30, 1693 ;~ and Mr. Allen conveyed
the same estate to Philip English of
•Essex Registry of Deeds, book 68, leaf 114.
tEssex Registry of Deeds, book 112, leaf 167.
tEssex Registry of Deeds, book 117, leaf 210.
§Essex Registry of Deeds, book 2, leaf 123.
n
Essex Registry of Deeds, book 2, leaf 126.
'![Essex Registry of Deeds, book 11, leaf 12.
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YANKEE RELATIONS
IV
for the youngest daughter Sarah and Charlie Buxton. For Dominick,
however, the path of courtship was not so easy. Except for brief intervals, he was away at sea, but the most formidable obstacle to
his intentions must have been Mrs. Webb. She was firm in her opposition to any match between her daughter and the young Italian
she had taken to board in her house. Dominick was a foreigner and
' a "papist" which made him in her Yankee eyes less than desirable as
a son-in-law.
On June 27, 1853 Dominick, by now a first mate, returned from
his first voyage on the Sea Mew, and events moved swiftly, Mrs.
Webb's objections to the contrary. Scarcely two weeks passed before
this notice appeared in the July 12 edition of the Salem Gazette:
-yankee Relations
AND NOW WE MUST TURN from the sea to the land, and go back a
few years in time. The town directory of Salem for i8:;3 contained
two entries pertinent to our story:
Webb, Mrs. Harriet, house 9 English St.
Marsins, Dominick L., mariner, boards 9 English St.
During the period of his voyages on the Messenger and the Sea
Mew, Dominick had forsaken the Seamen's Boarding House of
Ebenezer Griffin for the pleasanter surroundings of a private home.
It was the prelude to another important change in his life. His
landlady, who was the widow of a sea captain, William Webb 3d,
had been forced since her husband's death to take boarders at the
tidy gambrel-roofed house on English Street. In addition to her
husband, Mrs. Webb had already buried three children, but the
household still included two healthy and pretty daughters, Sarah
and Martha, and a son, William 4th.
It will be recalled that Dominick Marsins already knew Martha
Webb before he moved to English Street, and it was partly for her
sake that he had anglicized his name in 1851. Their courtship must
have been a long one, even by Victorian standards. (One of Martha's
descendants remembers her grandmother's saying that she told
Domenico Lagomarsino she would never -marry a man with a
foreign name.)
Another boarder at Mrs. Webb's was Charlie Buxton. A good
deal of pleasant courting must have gone on between the two young
men and the pretty Webb sisters; many strolls beneath the elm
trees of Salem's streets and Common. Wedding bells soon rang out
Adopted Son of Salem
On Sunday evening (July rn) by Rev. Mr. Carlton,
Mr. Dominick Marsinis (sic) to Miss Martha Webb.
MARRIAGES,
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The bride, born in Salem April 4, 1831, was twenty-two. The
groom wa~ twenty-six. Mrs. Webb's feelings may have been soothed
somewhat ;ince the Reverend Mr. Michael Carlton, who performed
the marriage ceremony, was no priest but the minister of the Seaman's Bethel. Perhaps Dominick was no longer a Catholic.
The young people had over two months together before Dominick
<··' embarked again on the Sea Mew at the end of September. Very
shortly, or perhaps, since the bride's mother felt as she did, immediately after their marriage, the young Marsins moved to lodgings of their own. Dominick was not the person to live in the
house with a mother-in-law, even a congenial one, and Martha had
- a mind of her own, too!
On December 9, 1855, while he was absent on the Sea Mew to
Africa, their first child, Harriet Evelyn, was born. Had Mrs. Webb
been won over by her Italian son-in-law? Or was the baby's name,
for her, the grateful and loving extension of an olive branch to a
inother who surely "rallied around" when her young daughter was
undergoing her first childbirth alone, with her husband far away?
· Husband and father, Dominick Marsins was now very definitely
no longer alone, for he was also son-in-law to two prolific Massachusetts families. From the time that he married Martha Webb,
30
- By Buck- (Salem Public Library)
-- 31
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�---ADOPTED SON OF SALEM
YANKEE RELATIONS
the story of the Webb family of Salem and the Browns of Ipswich
became entwined with his: Mrs. William Webb 3d had been Harriet
Evelyn Brown of Ipswich.
The Browns had lived in Essex County since 1635 when John
of that name arriVed from England to become "the earliest settler
in the Candlewood region of Ipswich to clear the forest and build
his house." This first Brown house was "a dwelling containing
only two rooms and the chamber above." Later, John built a larger,
more commodious home which remained in the family through
1909, when Alvin Story Brown was the last of the name to live
there. It is still standing, a fine looking red farmhouse, with numerous stout barns and outbuildings.
There were four generations of Browns between our Harriet and
the first John, all metie'Ulously accounted for in the Ipswich historical records, as his numerous descendants married Ipswich girls
and populated the countryside indiscriminately with Browns and
Brownes, as the fancy took the individual speller. (Those who today
add that final e and feel superior to plain Browns, have only to look
into the e~ily records to be taken down a peg.) They were hardy
farmers and weavers and mariners, for since Ipswich was long a
port, many of the Brown men went to sea.
One of these was Stephen Brown 3d, father of Dominick's sometime landlady and mother-in-law. Ipswich produced a number of
eiptain Stephen Browns (th~e were four between 1810 and 1825
alone), but Ipswich port records, like Boston's, have disappeared,
so no positive identification of Harriet's father's commands can be
made. Although Captain Stephen 3d roamed the seas in unidentified vessels, we can pin-point his activities on shore, for he married
a townswoman, Elizabeth Potter, bought his wife's family homestead on the Old Bay Road for his own, and there sired twelve small
Browns. That many children must have kept their hands very
close to their sides, for the old Potter· homestead is described in
Ipswich records as "a small house." It stood until around 196o, when
"progress", i.e. widening the highway that was once the Old Bay
Road, necessitated the destruction of the last of the historic old
houses on that side.
On May 27, 1798, at the Old South Church in Ipswich, baby
Harriet was baptized and duly started on the right path. And she
must have continued on it, minding her manners and being kind to
old people, for in 1822, when she was twenty-four, she was named
beneficiary in the will of David Brown, her father's first cousin,
who died childless at the age of eighty-seven, leaving most of his
estate to the town, but to Harriet "the rooms in the dwelling which
were bequeathed to him by his father." (This plan of leaving different rooms in a house to different people was an established
custom; William Webb's grandmother had been left "the East
end of her father's house" on English Street in Salem. A foreshadowing of condominiums!)
32
33
Harriet's rooms could not, however, keep her in Ipswich. Two
years later she forsook her birthplace, and skipped off with a
young Salem sailor at least two years her junior. On March 25,
1824, Mr. William Williams, pastor of the Presbyterian Society in
Salem, united in marriage Harriet Brown, who gave her age as
twenty-five, to Mr. William Webb 3d, age twenty- three. The young
couple went to live on Daniel Street in that busy little seaport.
'While Salem was then a picturesque elm-embowered town, it was
also a world port of importance, whose bustling waterfront is unrecognizable in its present deserted condition. There were foreign
ports in those years in which the natives had only believed the map
of Ame:-ica to consist of. a vast commercial metropolis called Salem.
Bearded sailors from distant lands moved about noisy Derby Wharf,
hung around the handsome customhouse. This customhouse still
stands proudly there, a museum now. It is the same building where
for a space Nathaniel Hawthorne, as inspector for the port, chewed
his pen and was miserable.
In this busy seafaring town, the name Webb was an old one. A
·common ending to any news item about a couple of another name
was "she a Webb." William Webbs had grown on every bush from
the town's early days, when on July 22, 1675, "att a towne meeting
. William Web Is Admitted an Inhabitant Into ye towne." There
was a William Webb, contemporary with ours, and also a sea captain, who was so determined to hand on the whole name that he
named three poor little babies in succession "William" until at last
one of them lived, to grow up and name a son of his "William!"
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YANKEE RELATIONS
ADOPTED SON OF SALEM
There was even another contemporary captain William Webb, who
had daughters Elizabeth, Harriet, and Martha, as did ours. They
seem to have rung the changes on the same old names, over and
over, and very few people were given middle names, which would
have aided a researcher in positive identification.
But a number of facts have been clearly established. The William
Webb 3d who was to be Dominick Marsins's father-in-law, was
born in 1"801, the son of William Webb, Jr., ropemaker. The family
was living on Bridge Street when consumption carried off the
father, William Jr., at the age of fifty. Since Mrs. Webb had also
died within the past two years, probably of the same disease for
it was the great killer of that time, William 3d at seventeen faced
life as an orphan. He took the path followed by so many young
men of those days in like circumstances: he went to sea.
Eight years and many unknown voyages later, on his maternal
grandmother's death, he was named one of the seven grandchildren
who were her heirs; the intermediate generation had been completely wiped out. This grandmother had been born Martha Hilliard, daughter of Mary and David Hilliard, owners of one of
Salem's very early historic houses (called "the Thomas and Mary
Mascall h0use") at 9 English Street. Martha had inherited "the lot,
barn, and East end of the house" from her father. She bought the
West end also, tore the whole thing down, and built the two-story
gambrel-roofed house that stands there now. (Although interesting
from an historic viewpoint, it was probably by that time decrepit
enough for such a fate.) This new house was the part of the inheritance that fell to William Webb 3d. Martha, Dominick Marsins's future wife, was just a year old in 189 when her father moved
his family into their new home on English Street.
William 3d had been a master mariner, but as the marine news
gives in sailing notices only the family name of the master - very,
very rarely a Christian name, since every third Salem captain at
this time was a Webb, and every third Captain Webb was a William,
it seems an impossibility to identify the vessel· or vessels he commanded. There could not have been many of them for this young
master mariner: at thirty-five he was dead. Here is a notice in the
Sal.em Gazette. April 1, 1836:
35
DEATHS. On Wednesday, March 30, Captain William Webb, 3d, age
35. Funeral this afternoon. at 3 o'clock, from house No. 9 English Street.
Friends and relatives are invited to attend.
The week after William's death, on April 7, 1836, the following
paragraph appeared in the Salem Gazette:
~;./
«"'
Notice is hereby given that the subscriber has been duly appointed
administrator of the estate of William Webb 3d, late of Salem, in the
county of Essex, cordwainer, deceased, and has taken upon himself that
trust by giving bonds as the law directs. All persons having demands
upon the estate of said deceased, are requested to exhibit the same; and
all persons indebted to said estate are called upon to make payment to
Thos. Needham, admr.
Our sea captain, entitled such in his death notice on April first,
on April seventh is called in a legal document "cordwainer"! In
other words, a shoemaker! What happened to turn this young man,
only thirty-five when he died, from the active, blustery life of a
ship master whose word was law, to a shoemaker, crouching over
his work in a shop on some Salem side street? Had the exposure
tc· which a mariner is subjected undermined his health, and brought
on the common scourge of consumption, of which his daughters
and son were to die in the same house within a few years? Perhaps,
incapacitated for his more robust calling, the now frail father had
. worked doggedly at· a quiet trade up until the last to provide for
his family.
When Captain William Webb 3d died in 1836 at the age of
thirty-five, he left besides his wife Harriet, four little daughters:
Elizabeth, twelve; Harriet Evelyn, ten; Mary, seven; Martha, five,
and a son William, three. Mrs. Webb was also six months pregnant
with Sarah.
In October, 1838, all the legal red tape connected with William's
death seems to have been concluded, and Thomas Needham, ad. m.inistrator of the estate, made over the deeds for "a small dwelling
. house, etc., in English Street" to Mrs. Harriet Webb.
English Street, formerly called English's Lane, is one of the short,
narrow little streets that lead from Essex, Salem's most important
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36
ADOPTED SON OF SALEM
thoroughfare, down to Derby Street and the waterfront. It was
lined with the houses of mariners; not the imposing brick homes of
wealthy merchants and captains such as are on the Chestnut street
end of town; but modest, charming little two-and-a-half story,
gambrel-roofed or salt-box frame houses of early New England
architecture,. presenting a gable end to the street, and facing their
bit of a flower garden. The House of the Seven Gables was a near
neighbor, only three blocks away on such another little side street.
Even when the Webbs lived in Salem, the Seven Gables was an old
house, for John Turner built it in 1668. Hawthorne's novel about
it was to be published in 1851, two years before Dominick Marsins
came to board around the corner on English Street. The Webbs
must have read a novel about a house in their neighborhood with
a good deal of excitement.
Some time between 1869 and 1872 the house numbers were
changed. Number 9 English Street became number 30, which it is
today. Harriet Brown Webb was not a Bitter, such as her daughter
Martha Marsins proved to be, but a steady occupant of number 9
English Str<"ct until her death. (Of course, she owned the house;
Dominick and Martha were always renters.) Here, with her children
dying around her, Harriet, now head of the family, battled bravely
on to care for the ones that were left. She faced no small task in supporting herself and six children. The Salem directories of 1846 and
1850 give a clue as to how the little family managed to get along:
"Webb, Mrs. Harriet, nurse_. 9 English Street." In those years, there
were no regulations about training and licensing of nurses; any
neighbor woman with two willing hands and feet could offer herself in that capacity. Mrs. Webb also took boarders, one of whom
was Dominick Marsins.
Consumptive William Webb had left a legacy of death to his
young family on English Street. In 1841, Elizabeth Webb at seventeen, Harriet at twenty in 1847, and Mary at twenty-three in 1852,
all died of consumption. Mary, married fo Stephen Curtis, left a
little son, Stephen Jr., not quite three years old. In 1853, three months
after Dominick came there to live, there was a fifth death: the only
Webb boy, William IV, twenty and unmarried, whose room and
double bed Dominick without doubt shared, coughed his young
YANKEE RELATIONS
37
life away. He had taken up his father's tools as a cordwainer, and
the leather dust had helped him leave this world.
Ground 3, where the Webb interments had taken place, is located in Salem's Greenlawn Cemetery. The graves are placed as
closely together as those in military cemeteries. They are on a lovely
green slope, with no headstones, but at the foot each grave has a
small circle of white stone with its identifying number.
It was a deeply tainted house to which the new boarder came, but
its inmates were unconscious of the fact. It was not until the
twentieth century that the medical world began to understand the
nature of the spread of consumption, and how to arrest it. So many
homes were deathtraps, and once started it often ran through an
entire family. An article in the Salem Gazette of December 15, 1846,
ends with these words: "There is perhaps no disease with which
our country is affected, which sweeps off annually so many victims,
as that fell destroyer of the human race, consumption."
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youngest of the three daughters, who became Mrs. Sydney Calvin Buck
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ADOPTED SON OF SALEM
INTERLUDE
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The only definite item that we know of the Marsins family history
during the year 1862 was the death of Mrs. Marsins's mother,
Harriet Brown Webb. In the Salem town clerk's records is the
entry:
born, and was probably not on hand for this arrival either, for at
some time during the year 1864, from the island of Sao Tome,
Portuguese possession off the southwest coast of A&ica, he applied
for a United States passport. As a private citizen living in Africa
he would need this; formerly, as master of an American trading
vessel, a passport seems not to have been necessary.
Either in 1862 or very early in 1863 Mrs. Marsins and the two
children had moved to Swampscott. The Swampscott directories
from 186s, through 1873 all give "Dominic Marsins, shipmaster"
as residing on Burrill Street in that town. Eight years in the same
house: a record for the peripatetic Mrs. Marsins! The Burrill Street
house backed up to the B. and M. Railroad tracks; the little family
left at home were not having an easy time financially.
Mrs. Marsins and the girls were there on Burrill Street, but the
captain was in more exotic surroundings.
'Widow of William Webb. Died Dec. 8, 1862, age 64Yz, erysipelas.
Harriet, born Ipswich, dau. of Stephen Brown. Interred: ground 3,
range 7, grave 28.
·
She was the seventh member of that family of nine to be buried
in Greenlawn Cemetery. The Salem Gazette of December 9, 1862,
carried this notice:
DEAniS. On the 8th, Mrs. Harriet, widow of the late Capt. William
Webb. Sixty-four years, 5 months. Funeral Wed. aft. at 2 o'clock at No.
9 English St., Relatives and friends are invited to attend.
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Mri:. Webb seems never to have forgiven her daughter Martha
for marrying against her wishes. In her will, she left everything to
her only other living child, Sarah, who with her husband was then
making her home with her mother, and specifically stated that
"nothing is to be given to my daughter Martha W. Marsins nor to
my grandson Stephen Curtis, jr.," the son of her dead daughter
Mary. It was definitdy ill-will on Mrs. Webb's part, for a legacy, no
matter bow small, ~ould have been welcome to Martha at any
time. And young Stephen, left motherless at three, could have used
a legacy from his grandmother too. Fortune must not have smiled
too broadly on him, for his page in Salem annals is almost blank.
After his exclusion from his grandmother's will, there is no further
mention of him except once in 1~ when at the age of twenty he
appears on a crew list of the barque Sachem for Zanzibar as a
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seamari.
During December 1863 Dominick was at home; nine months
later, on September 21, 1864, Cecilia Margherita, the Marsins's third
daughter, was born. She was given the entire name of the captain's
long-dead Italian mother. Was he in America when the baby came?
He was in Africa or on the way there when both of the others were
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
English Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
30 English Street, Salem, MA, 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built for widow Martha Rice c. 1800. In 1798 Martha Rice, "administratrix of the estate of David Hilliard," sold to John Becket and then re-purchased the "east end of dwelling house and small plot of land" on this site. According to Dr. Bentley's diary, the land had belonged to her father, David Hilliard, and she had a small house built on it.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.; Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built c. 1800; researched 1985.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Researched by Joyce King.
Language
A language of the resource
English
1800
30
English
Federal
History
House
Martha
Massachusetts
Rice
Salem
wood
-
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c2cc766ba7953abed0218f9c95efaa12
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scy:istoiic
'l!~lJ?orporated
P.O. BOX 865
SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS 01970 I PHONE (508) 745-0799
34 ENGLISH STREET
Built by
ROBERT HILL, boatbuilder
in 1812
Research:
Donna Vinson
August, 1992
�34 ENGLISH STREET
Built in 1812 by Robert Hill, Boatbuilder
History of the property:
The present-day 34 English Street (formerly 10 English Street and
36 English Street) was built on the seventeenth-century land grant of
Joseph Swasey, seaman.
Swasey conveyed a parcel of his grant to his
daughter Mary and her husband Thomas Mascoll, another mariner, after
their marriage in 1688 <Essex County Registry of Deeds, Book 18, leaf
9).
The Mascolls immediately built a large house <pictured on the
inserted map from Sidney Perley's "Salem in 1700. No. 22" Essex
Antiquarian 10 (1906): 21-31) which stood until Hill's predecessor,
Martha Rice, had it torn down in 1798-99.
English Street was laid out at the end of the seventeenth century
by proprietors of adjoining property, including Philip English, who
owned lots on both sides of the new path between Essex and Derby
Streets, and Thomas Mascall.
The way was called English Lane
throughout the eighteenth century, and English Street from 1799.
�The sons and heirs of Thomas and Mary Mascall, John and Joseph,
divided the house between them in 1729 and·moved their families into
easterly and westerly halves <E.C.R.D. Book 52, leaf 87; Book 55, leaf
41).
The westerly half of the house remained in the Mascall family
only until 1734, while the easterly half was retained by John Mascall
for twenty more years.
From the mid-eighteenth century, both sides
were conveyed to a series of mariner grantees <E.C.R.D. Book 68, leaf
114>; Book 101, leaf 90; Book 112, leaf 167; Book 116, leaf 62; Book
150, leaf 167>.
At the end of the century Martha Rice, a widow who
held adjoining property and had served as the administratrix of the
lot's last proprietor, purchased the property and tore down the old
Mascall homestead <E.C.R.D. Book 164, leaf 80).
On her newly-enlarged
lot, Martha Rice constructed a new house for herself in 1800 and
apparently used the Mascall land for a garden.
Martha Rice sold the lot "running westerly by my other land
thirty-three feet or more" to Robert Hill, boatbuilder, on April 15,
1812 <E.C.R.D. Book 195, leaf 256).
in the deed.
There are no buildings mentioned
Robert Hill immediately erected a house for his family,
who occupied the new house for the next thirty years.
Following her
husband's death in 1845, Lucy Hill conveyed the house and lot to Prince
Farmer, a Salem landlord, merchant, shopowner, and purveyor of
"oysters, etc ..• " <E.C.R.D. Book 376, leaf 283; Salem Directory, 1850).
Farmer's residence was on Crombie Street, so he leased the house to a
series of tenants until his death in 1853, after which it came into the
possession of his daughter Sarah and son-in-law William Prescott.
�From the 1850s until the 1920s 34 English Street was seldom
owner-occupied.
William Prescott moved to California shortly after his
father-in-law's death, leaving his wife in Salem.
Sarah Prescott
petitioned the Essex County Probate Court to sell her inheritance in
1859, on the grounds that "her husband has resided for four years last
past in said San Francisco, is engaged in business there and intends to
make his permanent residence in said California .... [andJ said William
has written to your petitioner desiring her to sell her estate
aforesaid and join him in said California" <E.C.R.D. Book 596, leaves
77-78>.
The Court consented to the sale, and Mrs. Prescott conveyed
her property to John H. Nichols of Salem, a member of the large,
famous, and wealthy Nichols family who resided on Chestnut Street
<E.C.R.D. Book 596, leaves 78-78; Salem Directories, 1860-1870>.
During the 1860s 34 English Street was uninhabited; perhaps Mr. Nichols
did not need the rental income.
When he moved to New York City in 1868
he sold many of his Salem properties, including 34 English Street, to
his brother Charles, who also resided on Chestnut Street <E.C.R.D. Book
742, leaf 288).
A year later, Charles Nichols conveyed the property, financing
the sale himself, to John Wright of Salem, a trader, who occupied the
house for the next twenty years, until he was unable to meet the
mortgage payments.
Samuel A. Potter of Salem, the assignee of Nichols'
mortgage, took possession of the property on June 6, 1889 <E.C.R.D.
Book 786, leaves 141-143; E.C.R.D. Book 1250, leaves 514-15; Salem
Directories, 1869-1889).
Several months later, Potter sold a half-
�interest in the house to Calvin Ainsworth of Salem, thus transforming
34 English Street into a two-family house <E.C.R.D. Book 1260, leaves
302-303>.
Neither owner occupied the property; the Potters resided on
Arbella Street and the Ainsworths on Federal Street.
During the 1890s,
both units of the property were leased to a series of leatherworking
tenants <Salem Directories, 1890-1897>.
The heirs of Ainsworth and
Potter sold their interests in the property to Mary E. Dwyer of Salem
in 1897, though 34 English Street continued to function as a two-family
house <E.C.R.D. Book 1514, pages 555-556).
The Dwyer family leased
both units out and resided elsewhere in Salem for most of their term of
possession.
In 1922 Mary Dwyer sold the property to Julian and Josefa
Laskowski of Salem, who promptly took up residence in half of the house
and leased out the other unit <E.C.R.D. Book 2520, page 18).
Mr.
Laskowski was a leatherworker, as were many of his neighbors at that
time.
The Laskowski family owned and occupied <half of) 34 English
Street for the next sixty years.
After the death of Josefa Laskowski
in 1982, her heirs and executors, Jane Latauskas and Stanley Laskowski,
conveyed the property to Sophie B. Myslinski of Salem <E.C.R.D. Book
6944, page 732).
Mrs. Myslinski resided at 34 English Street until her
death, after which the administrators of her estate sold the property
to its current owners, Gary M. Adams and Brian J. Power, Jr ..
Documentation:
�Essex County Registry of Deeds, Book 101, leaf 90
Granter:
John Mascall of Salem, Mariner
Grantee:
Samuel Webb of Salem, Mariner
Consideration:
~33.6s.8p.
Conveyance of:
" .•• my late father's dwelling house with a piece
of land thereunto belonging in Salem ••. on English's Lane."
Date recorded:
December 6, 1754
E.C.R.D. Book 116, leaf 62
Granter:
Samuel Webb of Salem, Mariner
Grantee:
William Crispin of Salem, Mariner
Consideration:
~46.13s.4p.
Conveyance of:
"the easterly end" of a dwelling house on English
Street.
Date recorded:
August 6, 1765
E.C.R.D. Book 150, leaves 167-168
Grantor:
William Crispin of Salem, Mariner
Grantee:
David Hilliard of Salem, Ropemaker
Consideration:
~46.13s.4p.
Conveyance of:
"the easterly end of a dwelling house with a
small piece of land thereto belonging .... by the lane called
�English's Lane".
Date recorded:
September 7, 1789
E.C.R.D. Book 164, leaves 80-81
Granter:
John Becket of Salem
Grantee:
Martha Rice of Salem, Widow and Administratrix of the
estate of David Hilliard
Consideration:
$180
Conveyance of:
"the easterly end or half of a dwelling house
with a small piece of land thereto belonging" on English Street.
Date recorded:
June 5, 1798
E.C.R.D. Book 195,leaf 256
Granter:
Martha Rice of Salem, Widow
Grantee:
Robert Hill of Salem, Boatbuilder
Consideration:
$150
Conveyance of:
" .•.. a certain lot of land situate on English
Street in S. Salem".
Date recorded:
April 15, 1812
E.C.R.D. Book 376, leaf 283
�Granter:
Lucy Hill of Salem, Widow
Grantee:
Prince Farmer of Salem, Trader
Consideration:
$575
Conveyance of:
"a certain two-story wooden dwelling house with
the land under and adjoining situate by English Street in
Sa 1 em .... "
Date recorded:
January 15, 1847
E.C.R.D. Book 596, leaf78
Granter:
Sarah E. Prescott of Salem, wife of William H.
Prescott of California
Grantee:
John H. Nichols of Salem
Consideration:
$450
Conveyance of:
a lot of land lying in said Salem on English
Street with the buildings thereon.
Date recorded:
October 19, 1859
E.C.R.D. Book 742, leaf 288
Grantor:
John H. Nichols of New York
Grantee:
Charles L. Nichols of Salem
Consideration:
$300
Conveyance of:
a messuage on English Street in Salem.
Date recorded:
April 9, 1868
�{
E.C.R.D. Book 786, leaf 141
Grantor:
Charles L. Nichols of Salem
Grantee:
John Wright of Salem, Trader
Consideration:
$700
Conveyance of:
an "estate" on English Street.
Date recorded:
November 19, 1869
E.C.R.D. Book 1250, leaves 514-518
Grantor:
John Casey of Salem (agent of transfer>
Grantee:
Samuel A. Potter of Salem
Consideration:
$1300
Conveyance of:
"all that lot of land in Salem, with the
buildings thereon" recently defaulted upon by John Wright.
Date recorded:
June 6, 1889
E.C.R.D. Book 1260, leaves 302-303
Grantor:
Samuel A. Potter of Salem
Grantee:
Calvin C. Ainsworth of Salem
Consideration:
$1 and other valuable considerations
Conveyance of:
"one undivided half of a certain parcel of
�land, with all buildings thereon, with is bounded easterly
by English Street in Salem, sixty-three feet, two inches •.•. ".
Date recorded:
October 5, 1889
E.C.R.D. Book 1514, pages 555-556
Granters:
Martha B. Potter, Singlewoman, of Salem, Annie
M. Ray, Widow, of Everett, and Mary A. Ray, Wife of Jesse R.
Ray, of Boston, "being the heirs-at-law of Samuel A. Potter,
late of Salem, deceased, and Calvin C. Ainsworth of Salem."
Grantee:
Mary E. Dwyer of Salem, Wife of John P. Dwyer
Consideration:
$1 and other valuable considerations
Conveyance of:
34 English Street
Date recorded:
June 10, 1897
E.C.R.D. Book 2520, page 18
Granter:
Grantees:
Mary E. Dwyer, Widow, of Salem
Julian and Josefa Laskowski of Salem
Consideration:
paid ($2300 mortgage obtained>
Conveyance of:
34 English Street
Date recorded:
June 17, 1922
E.C.R.D. Book 6944, page 732
�Grantors:
Jane Latauskas and Stanley Laskowski, executors
of the estate of Josefa Laskowski <by Probate Docket #353649)
Grantee:
Sophie B. Myslinski of Salem
Consideration:
$45,000
Conveyance of:
34 English Street
Date recorded:
June 15, 1982
E.C.R.D. Book 11056, page 333
Grantors:
Genevieve Bencal and Stanley J. Laskowski,
co-administrators of the estate of Sophie B. Myslinski
Grantees:
Gary M. Adams and Brian J. Power, Jr.
Consideration:
paid
Conveyance of:
34 English Street
Date recorded:
December 16, 1991
�: Lambert,;.
luded the'
:toll, John .
and Mari.:
Webb and·
.vn on the$
od on the"
where i~·
This land·
h's field."t.
after I 700; ;
rtain to the." 5
not always
>eing, after '
: the housell ..
r
Sl
...
a
a
h Swasey of·
ot and the
~. of Abigail
'J(' 'I earl{
t' .velling
inveyed the
t Swasey of.
189.t John.''
: house viai
!irs dispoaed'
ot belonged
1658. He
his adminis•:
onveyed the'
m, mariner;
ry Lot. This~
ey as early as
~onsideratioti
igail Masuti
tsury and to
~ail April 21l
before 1717;,
e lot in I 734;.
l Houu. This
isey as early:
in considera·'
Mary Mascolt'
;coll of Salem~
:·
1,
leaf 26,
.1/
: 3, leaf 11+ !
24, leaf 244,.j1
: :i" -leaf 137, 'i
'(
'eaf 7,
A
0
StTI orHo~
"
~:. 1lncha100 £f,
PAI\T OF SALEM IN 1700. NO. 2·2,
f
fl2
~ ...
z,
<
..J
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
English Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
34 English Street, Salem, MA 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built by Robert Hill, boatbuilder, in 1812. The land originally contained a house built in 1688 by Mary and Thomas Mascoll on land given them by the original poprietor (Mary's father), mariner Joseph Swasey. This house was eventually divided in two and the easterly half was sold in 1798 to widow Martha Rice, who tore it down to build her new dwelling still standing at 30 English Street. Martha Rice sold a section of her land to Robert Hill in 1812, on which he built a house for his family.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.; Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built 1812; researched 1992.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Researched by Donna Vinson
Language
A language of the resource
English
1812
34
boatbuilder
English
History
House
Martha Rice
Mascoll
Massachusetts
Robert Hill
Salem
Salem MA
Swasey
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https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/28828/archive/files/bbf63a12f1e4343c185a3ec2f812d470.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=FC%7E6YEq-i3VZiAMo1uLVGsmmKdhhRRgeonU7nOSDJM3zauM5E5doqnIIYTl2X1k3QErIxJavSVjxxTy1QH2D43h7Hf1y%7Eqjb2vuXMTyo%7Eg%7EUkN1VtLy3TGeXOcKIyXiQmLw2EZFFx7xM54krickAebjunstPiPvKSM4Bh57TRa41rOZWjp-mPe1DZt2rnvMeQcExAxXv3sfQNpAFRPRs-bmiQUAHt95EdcIFREODipc3hwJ9emh%7E2E8oat8UG8ij5hWham-JlFEIb-unc2aObKy5f0Co6PDMtz9-zd7FP3u7fuk4Ad1DeH4rCszK8AAVxaa8JVBJtmhxy9QBYSC-YA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
1a16904457b9bb28fedac0cdc7d891fd
PDF Text
Text
OFFICES AT 15 SUMMER STREET
POST OFFICE BOX .865
SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS 01970 / PHONE (617) 745-0799
4 .E.'nglish Street
Owned by SUSAN INGERSOLL
moved to this site
by 1831
Research by,
Joyce,King
August" 1979
"to preserve Historic Sites, Buildings and objects,
and to work for the education of tlze community
in tlze true value of t11e same."
�1846
Susan Ingersoll owner - occupants: Joseph Gilman, Joseph Gilman Jr.
Daniel Gilman
In 1850 a federal census was taken, the listing for thiB house is:
Elizabeth Pepper
age 46
born Mass.
II
II
Sarah.
"
" 19
11
II
11
Walter A.
"
17 wo:r:ks in, ropewalk
,,.
11
II
·Elizabeth
"
15
William Swaney
age 30 ropemaker
born Mass.
II
II
II
II
·Mary A.
27
II
II
William H. "
6
"
II
II
II
Rebecca
21
"
II
II
II
.11
Mary c.
14
1854
William Swaney
.house owned by Susan Ingersoll
1856 tax record:
-su'san Ingersoll . house and land 32 Turner St.
~ wharf and store
house 6 Allen St.
house 2 Becket St.
house and land English St.
house and land #1 English St.
#2 and #3 English St.
Essex and Webb St.
1857
William Swaney
owned by Susan Ingersoll
Susan Ingersoll died in July 1858. In her will written in 1835,
Miss Ingersoll leaves all h~r property to Horace L. Conolly,
rector of St. Matthews Church in Boston. (Probate #43338)
Mr. Conolly is described in the book "Rebellious Puritan" by Lloyd
Morris, about the life of Hawthorne: . ·.
"With her (Susan Ingersoll) lived a young man named Horace Conolly
who was understood to be her nephew, and who ultimately became her
heir and aqopted her.name. Conolly's parentage was unknown to
Salem, and various rumors were in circulation concerning his
relationship to Miss Ingersoll. When Nathaniel first met him,
Conolly was rector of St. Matthew's in South Boston; later he
resigned from the ministry and turned to the practice of law, gave
up the law for medicine and discarded that in turn. He was eccentric,
ill-tempered and vain; but he was also intelligent and witty. He
was fond of card~ and of liquor; these tastes Nathaniel shared, and
he frequented the evening parties which Conolly held in the kitchen
of the old Turner Street house."
�4 English Street
English Street, which was originally called English's lane, was
laid out by Philip English over land belonging 'to him and others,
about 1697. The lot on which this house stands was part of the
land owned by John Swasey as early as 1658. Mr. Swasey's lot
seems to include the land from the corner of Essex St. down to
what is now #14 English St. Somewhere on this lot Mr. Swa.sey
built a dwelling house before 1681. He conveyed the house and
lot to his son John Swasey in 1689. This house was gone before
1763 when John's heirs sold the land to John Touzell, goldsmith.
During the early 1800's the Ingersolls were taxed for !and only,
on English. St.
The first mention of a house on Ingersoll's property is in the 1831
tax records when Susan Ingersoll, daughter of Samuel and Susanna
(Hathorne) Ingersoll is taxed for the following:
part of a wharf and part of a store ~400
house ~;l, 200
hous$ and land $1,600
.
3 houses and 4 acres $2,000
house ~600
house and land Sl,000
The tax records before this time list Miss Ingersoll as the owner
of land on Webb and English Streets, and a house, sto:t?e and land
on Turner St. (now the House of Seven Gables)
It was this same Miss Ingersoll, who provided Nathaniel Hawthorne,
Salem's literary genius, with much useful information about Salem
in the Puritan times. Hawthorne called her the Duchess and
frequently visited her at her home on Turner St.
In the list of owners and occupants in Salem 1837 is the following:
Sur:;an In~ersoll - house and land with 2 other houses on it
occupants: Joseph Gilman and William Harding
Daniel Rindge
- house on Susan Indersoll's land
Judah Dodge
- house on Susan Ingersoll's land
(these last two houses appear about the same time as the house #d
English)
I
1838.:.. West side of English St.:
Susan Ingersoll - house and land with two other houses on it
occupants: Samuel Carlin and Thomas Gilman
:F1 o::c many years this house was numbered as #1 English St.
For some
unknown reason this street was not numbered with the odd numbers on
one side arid even nwnbers on the other. Starting with this hou~e
the houses were numbered 1,2,3,4,5, etc. all on the same side. The
tenants, listed in the 1842 directory living at #1 are:
Hiram Young - no occupation given
John Robinson Jr. ~ carpenter
Joseph Gilman
_ no occupation given
�In 1860 another federal censu:3 wa8 taken:
William Swaney
age 39 ropemaker
II
II
.Mary A.
36
II
Anna Pepper
29 tailores8
II
Elizabeth Varney
24 milliner
II
Elizabeth Pepper
56 nurse
II
William Swaney
15 porter
Walter Swaney
" 8
born Mass
II
II
II
II
ti
"
. II
II
II
II
II
II
In 1862 Horace Ingersoll (name changed from Conolly) owns:
32 Turner St.
#1 Engli~h St. valued at $400 and 4959 ft.land
. #3fi English St.
27~ Hardy St.
2 acres of land Engli8h St.
1865
1 English St. owned by H. Ingersoll, army land 57 x 87· house value
$600 land valued at $400
·
occupants: Samuel Barnard, William Barnard and James
Lynch
1868
1 English St. owned by H. Ingersoll 57 x 87
occupants: James Evans, Thomas Williamson, Ernest Farke:
On April 26, 1869 Horace Ingersoll, Dr. of medicine sold to
Alice Sullivan the house and land at the corner of Eseex and English
Streets, for $2,000. (book 770 page 122)
_folif'\l!-~l'f
ct{.:>~h'/1..i~h:e.fd - A~ ·h.t>.1ce.. t-BuifJ1f\>d!.
Now S-mNJ.
..--~~~--~~~~~--e_1~·~~--~~~~~~---
k:
".>
;)
~ ~t
~
I
I
I
vi
k.
v
V)
II\
c.J
�In 1870 the street was renumbered and this house became known as
#4 English St., as indicated in the taxes for that year:
2 English St.
lot of land, owner Mrs. Sullivan
4 English St.
house occupied by Parker and Sullivan
Total land 57 x 87
The federal census for 1870 gives a clearer picture of the Pa.rker
arid Sullivan families:
born Ire.
a.ge 45 keeps house
Alice Sullivan
11
It
16 at home
Mass
Anna
"
II
II
II
jute mill
14
John
"
'
- II
II
II
11
Margaret E.
9 a.t school
II
II
II
Alice
"
7 at school
age 30 _ gas fitter
II
27
It
3
Ernest Parker
Priscilla 11
Charles
"
1876
---OWner -
born Mass.
II
II
It .
II
I
Mrs. Sullivan
1880 census:
occupants~
James Mc earthy, John SulliN:e
Alice Sullivan
Anna ri1··. "
John J. "
Mary E. "
born Ire.
age 50 keeps house
II
26 works at jute mill
" Mass
II
24 works at liquor store
"
II
II
18 works jute mill
Eugen~ Mc Mann
II
Mary
F. II
George
Ellen
"
Lizzie
"
It
John
II
Sarah
age 34 overseer jute mill
" 29 wife
II
6
II
"
"
II
.
5
3
2 has croupe
born in Jan.
born Ire.
II
"
"
II
II
Mass·
"
II
"
II
If
II
On Aug. 15' 1893 Alice Sullivan sold to Michael J. Murray part of
the parcel conveyed to her by Horace Ingersoll in 1869
(Vow or
f An.
f'.Ro..i ... >~:e.IJ
33
\I
'1
\\
--.;
V)
":.
~
~
l
--.::
......
.::I
V)
\.>
~
~
(book 1386 page 254)
�1899
Michael Murray - owner (new addition)
Simon Allen
Nathaniel Fadden
1901 tax records:
4 English St.
age 35 - owner, house value $800, land $400
Michael Murray
II
Simon Allen
44
Joseph Jon.dro
" . 27
William Fitzpatrick II 23 formerly of North Adams, Mass
1907 Salem directory shows
Charles Twaro~owski Helena
"
Frank Malinowski
Amelia
"
Vanda M. 11
living at 4English St.
shoe laster
court interpretor
carpenter
compositor
Frank Malinowski died Nov. 13, 1911. In his obituary the life
story of this man is.given:
Francis Malinowski a well known resident of this city of the
past 29 years, died at his home at 4 English St. yesterday after
an illness of about 9 years, during which period he h~d been a
great sufferer from rheumatism.
Mr. Malinowski had the distinction of being the second Polander
to come to Salem to.live. The first native of that country to
take up his residence in the City of Peace was Joseph Brown,
p~oprietor of the flying horse& carousel at the Willows.
Mr. Malinowski was born in Austria, Poland 66 years ago next
month. He served while a young man in the Austrian Army rising
to the rank of lieutenant and acting as drill master for several
years. He was a veteran of the Austrian - German War where he
rendered distinctive service.
About 31 years ago he came to this country with his newly
wedded wife and settled for a short time in Webster; Mass. At the
·instigation of his fellow countryman, Mr. Brown, he came to Salem
some 29 years ago settling at Juniper and engaging w~th Mr. Brown
in the making of these carousels he worked for various concerns at
his regular trade. He also conducted for many years flying horse
attractions at various summer resorts.
A few years ago he sold his house at Juniper and moved up into
the city, where he resided on English St. He was a member of the
Orientral lodge A.O.U.W. and was in fact, on of the oldest in point
of membership in that order. He was also a member of the parish
of the Imrnaculate Conception Church. He leaves a widow, Eleanqr
(Smreczynski) to whom he was married 8ome 33 years, and four daughters
Mrs. Helena V. Twarogowski (the court interpretor), Misses Vanda M,
Amelia A. and Frances N. Malinowski. Three of the daughters are
well known as teachers in the eveening schools of Salem and Peabody.
He was a most excellent citizen and a credit to his native country,
and he leaves a large circle of friends to regret his departure.
The funeral will be held Tues. at 9 am. at the Immaculate Conception.
At 8:30 there will be services at the house.
1
�On May 24, 192·4 Michael J. Murray sold to Bridget M. Murra.y the
same premises convyed to Michael in 1893 (book 2599 page 45)
On Oct. 11, 1924 Bridget Murray sold to Caroline Wronkowski and
John Wronkowski, husband and wife,. the same property according to
plan A, which Alice Sullivan conveyed to Michael Murray. (book 2613
page 403)
On Apr:hl 12, 1938 the Salem Savings Bank foreclosed on the·
Wronkowski mortgage. (book 3141 page 371)
March 7, 1942 the Salem Savings Bank sold to Lepold J. and Mary E.
Labreque the same premises conveyed to the granter by foreclosure
April 12~ 1938. (book 3287 page 466)
Oct. 22, 1952 Paul M. Lebiedz, of Boston sold to Viola E. Stefanski
the same premises subject to a mortgage of $1,800 to the Salem
Savings BBnk. (book 3934 page 469)
.
.
June 14, 196~ Caroline T. Isles, of Peabody sold to Dimetrios
Sarantis the land and buildin~ conveyed by the estate of Viola E.
Stefanski Probate #27 4539.
(book 5450 page 369)
·
June 9, 1975 Demetrios Sarantis sold to Richard and Sylvia Warman ·
the same property as in deed book 5450 page 369. (book 6162 page 29)
On Nov. 11, 1976 Richard C. and Sylvia Warman, of Middleton, sold
the premises to Demetrios E. and Patricia Sarantis. See book 6162page 29 (book 6296 page 29)
1979 Demetrios and Patricia Sarantis sold the land and building
at 4 English St. to Kathy Keenan and Gary Palardy.
�Note:
An air of mystery still hangs over this house. From inspections
made by Sally Dee and myself, we feel that the foundation indicates
that this house must have been moved to this site· and that the
construction is of an older dat.e. If indeed this is· the case
we also feel that it was moved from within ·the general area of
English St., stemming from the fact that the construction is
similar to other houses on that street.
It is possible that in the .future other documents may be found
_that shed mor~ light on thi~ property. Until ~u6h time I recommend
that the sign read: moved to this site by. 1831.
Respectfully,
I
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
English Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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4 English Street, Salem, MA 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Rental property owned by Susan Ingersoll and passed down in 1858 to her heir, Horace (Conolly) Ingersoll. He sold it to Alice Sullivan, an Irish immigrant, in 1869. It was later lived in by Frank Malinowski, the second Polish immigrant to move to Salem.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
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Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
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Historic Salem, Inc.; Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Moved to this site by 1831. Researched 1979.
Contributor
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Researched by Joyce King.
Language
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English
1831
4 English Street
Federal
Horace Conolly Ingersoll
Irish immigration
Polish immigration
Salem MA
Susannah Ingersoll
wood
-
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PDF Text
Text
40 English Street, Salem .·
According to available evidence, this house was built c. 1820 for John
Crowninshield Very, trader.
On 22 September 1826 John Crowninshield Very, Salem trader, for $2000
mortgaged to his uncle, James Devereux, Salem merchant, "the same estate on
which I now live" (ED 242: 123). It had a "dwelling house and all other buildings"
on a lot bounded . northerly' 80' on land of Hill, easterly 42' on English Street,
southerly on land of Anne Foot 80', and westerly 90' on land of Donaldson and
Kehew. The mortgage was given as collateral for Mr. Very' s payment of a note
for $2000 dated 27 Nov. 1818 and owed to Capt. Devereux and to Stephen White.
This mortgage is the first documentary reference to the existence of this house. It
did not stand here in 1820, per the census of that year; so it was built, evidently,
between 1820 and 1826 .. l)nfortunately, no deed was recorded for the conveyance
of the house-lot to Mr. Ve~·y; but obviously he owned it; and he was a member of
the family in whose ownership it had long been.
This lot was part of the much-larger homestead of William Goose in the 1630s (his
house stood just down from English Street in the middle of what is now Derby
Street), who was succeeded by John Clifford in the 1660s. During the 1600s there
was no Derby Street here, and the lot ran down to the harbor uninterrupted except
by a cartway near the shoreline. Jacob Allen bought the homestead in 1693, and
sold it in 1697 to the eminent merchant Philip English, whose house stood at the
northeast comer of English and Essex Streets, and whose and wharf and store
stood on the east side of the foot of English Street. The next owner was Joseph
Hillard, a ropemaker, who evidently had a ropewalk here (a ropewalk being a long
low building in which fiber was spun into rope). In 1741 Mr. Hillard sold the
homestead to his son-in-law Clifford Crowninshield, a mariner who soon became a
ropemaker.
Clifford Crowninshield, ropemaker, had married Martha Hillard in 1721; after her
death he had married Mrs. Christian Cash in 1737. He made his will in 1750. In
his will, he gave his son John "my piece of land on English Lane bought of Joseph
Hillard and Philip English". Clifford and Martha had son John and daughter Mary
(m. 1746 John Byrne); and he was survived by his second wife Christian.
John Crowninshield, a shipwright, the son of Clifford Crowninshield, resided in
this neighborhood. He mairied Mary Ives, and had several children, six daughters
�and a son, Clifford. John died in 1777, and his property stayed in the family. In
1792 an inventory of his estate was taken, in which his holdings were identified as
40 poles of land in English's Lane (18 li), 2/3 undivided of the mansion house and
land of Clifford Crowninshield deceased (155 li), 2/3 undivided of a 20-pole lot in
English's Lane (6 li), and 2/3 undivided of the Blockhouse Field (30 li).
'
It would appear that the John Crowninshield estate remained undivided among the
heirs in the 1700s. The most successful of the siblings and their spouses was Capt.
Clifford Crowninshield, a prominent mariner, merchant, and investor, who resided
in a mansion on Washington Square. In 1801 and 1802 five of his sisters sold him
their right in property including a lot that included the site of future #40. Capt.
Crowninshield died childless in July, 1809, leaving much property. His heirs were
his six sisters and/or their children. One of the sisters was Abigail, who had
married Samuel Very in 171.82 and had died in 1792, leaving four children,
including John Crowninsh1~ld Very, who all came under their father's
guardianship. By 1809, this lbt was part of a parcel that was owned partly by
"Very" (presumably the fqvr Very heirs or their father) and partly by James
Devereux (or his wife SallY,), who had acquired much of the property formerly of
his brother-in-law Capt. Clifford Crowninshield, including his Washington Square
mansion. In October, l SOQ, Anne (Crowninshield) Foot purchased the parcel just
to the south of the parcel from which the #40 lot was later set off (ED 188:72).
In October, 1809, the Very.heirs sold off part of their inherited property on Essex
Street, with other Crowninshield heirs (ED 188:70). At that time, John
Crowninshield Very was described as a Salem mariner. By March, 1811, J.C.
Very was working ashore as a trader (grocer); at that time he bought a piece of
land on upper English Street from his brother Samuel Very 3d; and next day he
sold the same at a profit of.$48 (ED 192:301). In April, 1812, J.C. Very's brother
Samuel, a trader, sold to hi~ uncle, Capt. James Devereux, his 1/8 right in a parcel
which included the site of#40 (Book of Executions & Depositions 1:234) .
.,
John Crowninshield Very CJ 785-1849) was born two years after the end of the
Revolutionary War, in which his father had perhaps sailed as a privateer against
the British. Samuel Very q 759-1832), a cordwainer (shoemaker) who grew up in
a house on St. Peter Street, was a member of the fifth generation of the Very
family in Salem. He had distant cousin, also named Samuel Very (b. 1751), a
notable shipmaster. In 1790, Samuel Very and family resided in the East Parish,
probably in the John Crowtjinshield house on Essex Street, with Capt. Joseph
Moseley & family (Mrs. Moseley was a sister of Mrs. Very). In September, 1792,
Abigail (Crowninshield) Very died, aged about 32 years and leaving four small
�children. In 1793 Samuel Very married, second, Mary Rantoul, a widow. It was
considered by some a mismatch; and her relations soon arranged for a divorce,
under scandalous circumstances. Samuel Very married, third, Martha Cheever,
and by her had five children more. In 1799 he, then a truckman, was awarded
guardianship of his first four children.
Like most Salem boys, John Crowninshield Very was bound to sea at an early age,
to learn the trade of a mariner. He was the second son in a large family. At twelve
or thirteen, in 1798 or so, John C. Very was a cabin boy, and later in his teens he
was a deckhand, and then a mate. He worked on vessels sailing to the Caribbean
and Europe, and, perhaps, on those making the long voyages to the Indian Ocean to
trade with India, China, and Sumatra. He came along at a good time for seafaring
men, for Salem's commerce boomed, with few setbacks, from the mid-1780s
through to the embargo more than 20 years later.
In 1792 Salem's first bank, the Essex Bank, was founded, although it "existed in
experiment a long time before it was incorporated," per Rev. William Bentley.
From a population of 792 ljn 1790, the town would grow by 1500 persons in a
decade. At the same time, .thanks to the economic policies of Alexander Hamilton,
Salem vessels were able totransport foreign cargoes tax-free and essentially to
serve as the neutral carrying fleet for both Britain and France, which were at war
with each other. The size ~nd number of vessels was increased, and Salem was
among the greatest worldwide trading ports in America.
In the late 1790s, there was agitation in Congress to go to war with France, which
was at war with England. After Pres. John Adams' negotiators were rebuffed in
France, a quasi-war with F(.ance began in summer, 1798, much to the horror of
Salem's George Crowninshield & Company (Capt. G. Crowninshield and five
sons), which had an extensive trade with the French, and whose ships and cargoes
in French ports were susceptible to seizure. The quasi-war brought about a
political split within the Salem population. Those who favored England aligned
themselves with the national Federalist party, led by Hamilton and Salem's
Timothy Pickering (the U.S. Secretary of State). These included most of the
merchants, who were eager to go to war with France, and had opposed Adams'
efforts to negotiate. They were led locally by the Derby family. Those who
favored peace with Fran9e (and who admired France for overthrowing the
monarchy, even while deploring the excesses of the revolutionaries) were the AntiFederalists, who later became aligned with Pres. Jefferson and his DemocraticRepublican party; they were led locally by the George Crowninshield family. For
the first few years of this rivalry, Derby and the Federalists prevailed; but after the
�death of Basket "King" Derby in 1799 his family's power weakened, while it
signaled the rise of his nephews, the five Crowninshield brothers.
In 1800, John Adams was successful in negotiating peace with France, and
thereupon fired Pickering, his oppositional Secretary of State. Salem's Federalist
merchants erupted in anger, expressed through their newspaper, the Salem Gazette.
At the same time, Britain began to harass American shipping. As with the French
earlier, Salem's seafarers added guns to their trading vessels, and the Salem
owners and masters aggressively expanded their trade to the farthest ports of the
rich East, while also maintaining their trade with the Caribbean and Europe. Salem
cargos were exceedingly valuable, and wealth was piling up in Salem's counting
houses. The George Crowninshield firm, now led by brother Jacob, were
especially successful, as their holding rose from three vessels in 1800 to many in
1803. The greatest of the Salem merchants at this time was William "Billy" Gray,
who owned 36 large vessel~--15 ships, 7 barks, 13 brigs, 1 schooner--by 1808.
In 1800, Salem was still a town, and a small one by our standards, with a total
population of about 9,500. Its politics were fierce, as the Federalists squared off
against the Democratic Republicans (led by the Crowninshields and comprised of
the sailors and fishermen)., The two factions attended separate churches, held
separate parades, and supp9rted separate schools, military companies, and
newspapers (the CrowninsI?-ield-backed Impartial Register started in 1800).
Salem's merchants resided mainly on two streets: Washington (which ended in a
wharf on the Inner Harbor,,and, above Essex, had the Town House in the middle)
and Essex (particularly b~tween what are now Hawthorne Boulevard and North
Streets). The East Parish,Q?erby Street area), in which John Crowninshield Very
grew up, was for the seafaring families, shipmasters, sailors, and fishermen. In the
1790s, Federal Street, known as New Street, had more empty lots than fine houses.
Chestnut Street did not exist: its site was a meadow, backlands for the Pickerings
on Broad Street and the old estates of Essex Street. The Common was not yet
Washington Square, and was covered with hillocks, small ponds and swamps, and
utility buildings and the town alms-house. In the later 19th century, Salem's
commercial prosperity would sweep almost all of the great downtown houses away
(the brick Joshua Ward ho~se, built 1784, is a notable exception).
I
I.
The town's merchants wer~ among the wealthiest in the country, and, in Samuel
Mcintire, they had a local, architect who could help them realize their desires for
large and beautiful homes, il1 the latest style. While a few of the many new houses
built in the next ten years ":'ent up in the old Essex-Washington Street axis, most
were erected on or near Washington Square or in the Federalist "west end"
�(Chestnut, Federal, and upper Essex Streets). The architectural style (called
"Federal" today) had been'developed years before in the Adam brothers in England
and featured fanlight doorways, palladian windows, elongated pilasters and
columns, and large windows. It was introduced to New England by Charles
Bulfinch upon his return from England in 1790. The State House in Boston was
his first institutional composition; and soon Beacon Hill was being built up with
handsome residences in the Bulfinch manner.
'
Samuel Mcintire, carver and housewright, was quick to pick up on the style and
adapt it to Salem's larger lots. Mcintire's first local composition, the Jerathmeel
Peirce house (on Federal Street), contrasts greatly with his later Adamesque
compositions. The interiors of this Adam style differed from the "Georgian" and
Post-Colonial: in place of walls of wood paneling, there now appeared plastered
expanses painted in brightcolors or covered in bold wallpapers. The Adam style
put a premium on handsome casings and carvings of central interior features such
door-caps and chimney-pieces (Mclntire's specialty). On the exterior, the Adam
style included elegant fendes; and the houses were often built of brick, with
attenuated porticoes and, in the high style, string courses, swagged panels, and
even two-story pilasters. The best example of the new style was the Elias Basket
Derby house, co-designed by Bulfinch and Mcintire, and built on Essex Street in
1799 (demolished in 1815), on the site of today's Town House Square. A more
typical example was the mansion designed by Mcintire and built for Clifford
Crowninshield, at 74 Washington Square East.
Salem's commerce created great wealth, which in tum attracted many newcomers
from outlying towns and e~en other states. A new bank, the Salem Bank, was
formed in 1803, and there were two insurance companies and several societies and
associations. The fierce politics and commercial rivalries continued. The ferment
of the times is captured in the diary of Rev. William Bentley, bachelor minister of
Salem's East Church (it stood on Essex Street, near Washington Square), and
editor of the Register newspaper. Mr. Bentley's diary is full of references to the
civic and commercial doings of the town, and to the lives and behaviors of all
classes of society. On Union Street, not far from Mr. Bentley's church, on the
fourth of July, 1804, was born a boy who would grow up to eclipse all sons of
Salem in the eyes of the world: Nathaniel Hawthorne, whose father would die of
fever while on a voyage to the Caribbean in 1808. This kind of untimely death was
all too typical of Salem's young seafarers, who fell prey to malaria and other
diseases of the Caribbean ~nd Pacific tropics.
�In 1806 the Derbys extended their wharf far out into the harbor, tripling its
previous length. This they did to create more space for warehouses and ship-berths
in the deeper water, at jusf about the time that the Crowninshields had built their
great India Wharf at the fobt of Webb Street. Their cousin, Capt. Clifford
Crowninshield, John C. Very's uncle, had a wharf with warehouses at the foot of
English Street. The other important wharves were Forrester's (now Central, just
west of Derby Wharf), and Union Wharf (formerly Long Wharf), extending from
the foot of Union Street, west of Forrester's Wharf. To the west of Union Wharf, a
number of smaller wharves extended into the South River (filled in during the late
1800s), all the way to the foot of Washington Street. Among the most important of
these were Ward's, Ome's, and Joseph Peabody's, which extended from the foot of
what is now Hawthorne Boulevard. Each of the smaller wharves had a warehouse
or two, shops for artisans (coopers, blockmakers, joiners, etc.). The waterfront
between Union Street and Washington Street also had lumber yards and several
ship chandleries and distilleries, with a Market House at the foot of Central Street,
below the Custom House. The wharves and streets were crowded with shoppers,
hawkers, sailors, artisans (''mechanics"), storekeepers, and teamsters; and just
across the way, on Stage .Point along the south bank of the South River, wooden
barks and brigs and ships,'· were being built in the shipyards.
),
', .:
·;
Salem's boom came to an ~nd with a crash in January, 1808, when Jefferson and
the Congress imposed an embargo on all American shipping in hopes of
forestalling war with Britain. The Embargo, which was widely opposed in New
England, proved futile and nearly ruinous in Salem, where commerce ceased. As a
hotbed of Democratic-Republicanism, Salem's East Parish and its seafarers, led by
the Crowninshields, loyally supported the Embargo until it was lifted in spring,
1809. Shunned by the other Salem merchants for his support of the Embargo, the
eminent Billy Gray took his large fleet of ships-fully one-third of Salem's
tonnage--and moved to Boston, whose commerce was thereby much augmented.
Gray's removal permanently eliminated a huge amount of Salem wealth, shipping,
import-export cargoes, and. local employment. Gray soon switched from the
Federalist party, and was e\ected Lt. Governor under Gov. Elbridge Gerry, a native
of Marblehead. It may be that these two and their party did not go out of their way
to support laws or policies that favored Salem or its merchants. Salem resumed its
seafaring commerce for three years, but still the British preyed on American
shipping.
In 1810, the French were capturing American vessels that they claimed were
trading with the British. Typically, a captured American vessel would be inspected
at Naples (then a French-held port) and impounded or cleared. The Salem ship
�Margaret, Capt. William Fairfield, was cleared from Naples on I 0 April 1810,
with a crew of 15 and 31 passengers, mainly sailors from Salem whose vessels had
been impounded. One of those on board was John Crowninshield Very, 25. Capt.
Fairfield, a well-regarded shipmaster, had, as a boy in 1789, been aboard a Salem
slaving vessel commanded by his father, when the Africans had risen up against
the sailors, and killed Capt. Fairfield. Young William and the other crewmen had
put down the uprising, and, delivered their human cargo in the West Indies.
On Sunday, May 20, 181 O; headed home from Naples, the Margaret ran into a
terrible gale and was knocked over on her beam ends. All of her people were able
to get on her sides and bottom, and hold on through the storm until Monday, which
was calmer. Capt. Fairfield freed one of the boats, and sailed off with 14 men
(they would be rescued on the 26th by a Marblehead vessel, but their rescuers could
not find the wreck of the Margaret, riding low in the great sea). Those left behind
(including Mr. Very) had some provisions, and built a platform on the side of the
Margaret, to keep themselves out of the water. On the 28th a storm swept away the
platform and most of the provisions, but they held on and built a new platform on
the 30th. The men were w{(akening and losing hope. One died on June 3rd. With a
small ration of wine to keep them alive, they survived until the 51\ but twelve men
died on that day and another the next. Vessels kept passing in the distance, but did
not see the wreck and its desperate occupants. John C. Very and some of his mates
(Capt. Henry Larcom of Beverly, John Treadwell of Ipswich, Jeptha Leyth and
E.A. Erving/Irvine of Salem) fished out a damaged yawl, fixed it well enough; and
on June ?1h they sailed off to be saved. Ten men remained on the wreck, there to
die, one by one, in the loneliness and terror of mid-ocean. The five men in the
yawl sailed' on for another 15 days, determined to live, with only brandy and urine
to keep them alive. A little rain fell on the 22d, which helped, but Treadwell died
on the, 23d. They caught a few fish, their first food in two weeks; but it was not
enough, and Leyth died onthe 28 1h. On the 291\ a gale hit them; they fought to
stay afloat, but lost their m~st and oars, and now were left to drift under the skies.
Next day, the men of a Glqµcester vessel spotted the boat in the offing, came up
with it, and were astonished to discover J.C. Very, E.A. Irvine, and Henry Larcom,
all more dead than alive. After 17 days on a wreck, and another 23 days in a small
open boat, these three would have their lives back-the only survivors of the 32
men who had been left on the wreck. They were received in Salem as men come
back from the dead. By July 25, J.C. Very was "still confined, but better," (per
Bentley), while the other two were up and about. Capt. Larcom, who wrote letters
to the newspapers, was bitter in his accusations against Capt. Fairfield, who had his
defenders.
�John Crowninshield Very seems to have retired from the sea after this terrible
voyage. He set up as a grocer, and in 1813 married Mary Dwyer of Salem, she
being, evidently, the daughter of an Irish immigrant, Edward Dwyer.
John Crowninshield Very (1785-1849), born 28 Jan. 1785, son of Samuel Very
and Abigail Crowninshield, died 28 Feb. 1849. Hem. 28Feb1813 Mary Dwyer.
Known issue:
1. Edward D., 1813, Baptist minister, left Salem; drowned at Blomidon, NS,
1852.
2. Samuel, 1815, shipmaster, m. Sarah W. McKey
3. John C., 1817, shipmaster, m. (int. 1837 Almira Foster), m. 1845 Lucy
Ann Collins.
In June, 1812, war was declared against Britain. Although Salem had opposed the
war as being potentially ruinous and primarily for the benefit of the southern and
western war-hawk states, y,et when war came, Salem swiftly fitted out 40
privateers manned by Marblehead and Salem crews, who also served on U.S. Navy
vessels, including the Constitution. Many more could have been sent against the
British, but some of the Federalist merchants held their vessels back. In addition,
Salem fielded companies df infantry and artillery. Salem and Marblehead
privateers were largely successful in making prizes of British supply vessels. It is
likely that J.C. Very served in the armed forces at this time. While many of the
town's men were wounded.in engagements, and some were killed, the possible
riches of privateering kept the men returning to sea as often as possible. The first
prizes were captured by a30-ton converted fishing schooner, the Fame, and by a
14-ton luxury yacht fitted with one gun, the Jefferson. Of all Salem privateers, the
Crowninshields' 350-ton,,ship America was the most successful. She captured 30plus prizes worth more than $1,100,000.
I
Salem erected forts and batteries on its Neck, to discourage the British warships
that cruised these waters. Ip June, 1813, off Marblehead Neck, the British frigate
Shannon defeated the U.S.' Navy frigate Chesapeake. The Federalists would not
allow their churches to be used for the funeral of the Chesapeake's slain
commander, James Lawrenpe ("Don't give up the ship!"). Almost a year later, in
April, 1814, the people gathered along the shores of Salem Neck as three sails
appeared on the horizon ,and came sailing on for Salem Bay. These vessels proved
to be the mighty Constitutil!n in the lead, pursued by the smaller British frigates
Tenedos and Endymion. ~he breeze was light, and the British vessels gained, but
Old Ironsides made it safely into Marblehead Harbor, to the cheers of thousands.
{
�On land, the war went poorly for the United States, as the British captured
Washington, DC, and burned the Capitol and the White House. Along the western
frontier, U.S. forces were successful against the weak English forces; and, as
predicted by many, the western expansionists had their day. At sea, as time wore
on, Salem's vessels often were captured, and its men imprisoned or killed. After
almost three years, the war was bleeding the town dry, and the menfolk were
disappearing. Hundreds of Salem men and boys were in British prison-ships and at
Dartmoor Prison in England. At the Hartford Convention in 1814, New England
Federalist delegates met to consider what they could do to bring the war to a close
and to restore the region's commerce. Sen. Timothy Pickering of Salem led the
extreme Federalists in proposing a series of demands which, if not met by the
federal government, could lead to New England's seceding from the United States;
but the Pickering faction was countered by Harrison G. Otis of Boston and the
moderate Federalists, who prevailed in sending a moderate message to Congress.
At last, in February, 1815, 'peace was restored.
Post-war, the Salem merchants rebuilt their fleets and resumed their worldwide
trade, slowly at first, and then to great effect. A new U.S. Custom House was built
in 1819, on the site of the George Crowninshield mansion, at the head of Derby
Wharf. Into the 1820s the \foreign trade continued prosperous; and new markets
were opened with Madagascar (1820), which supplied tallow and ivory, and
Zanzibar ( 1825), whence came gum copal, used to make varnish. This opened a
huge and lucrative trade in which Salem dominated, and its vessels thus gained
access to all of the east African p01is.
In 1816, J.C. Very was first assessed for a house (in ward two) in town valuations.
In 1815 and 1815, he had been assessed (ward two) for store and part of a wharf,
worth $900, with $500 stock and $200 income. In 1816, he was assessed for
"house, shop, stable" worth $900, with $600 stock and $300 income. So his
holdings were described until 1819, when he was assessed for "house, land, store,
wharf, 2 stables, and Joseph White Jr.'s part of White's Wharf, all worth $2000,
with stock at $1800 and income of $400.
The house on which he was assessed (ward two) in 1816 was probably the same
house that he had built on a piece of land at Allen and Webb Streets that he had
bought in 1817 (that location was evidently considered part of ward two). He also
bought another piece of land on Allen Street, and a piece nearby on Derby Street,
where he had his grocery store. It is apparent that he also leased part of nearby
White's Wharf (the part that had belonged to recently deceased Col. Joseph White
�Jr.); and once he had leased the wharf he probably received his mortgage loan of
$2000 in 1818 from Messrs. White & Devereux.
During the period 1816-1821, John Crowninshield Very was at his most successful
in business. With stables, a wharf, and a store, he was conducting business that
went beyond an ordinary grocery store, and seems to have involved merchant
activity (import-export) as.·well as transportation or hospitality (hence the stables).
The pre-war partisan politics of the town were not resumed post-war, as the
middle-class "mechanics" (artisans) became more powerful and brought about
civic harmony, largely through the Salem Charitable Mechanic Association
(founded 1817). Other organizations, like the Masons, helped to unite the various
classes of men in the town. On 22 May 1820 J.C. Very joined the Essex Lodge of
Masons. By then he and hjs wife Mary had three sons. At that time, the J.C. Very
family seems to have resided either on Allen Street or on lower Derby Street, east
of English (per 1820 censll;s, p.46). It is a virtual certainty that this house did not
then exist, for in the census of 1820 there is no listing for any resident between the
houses of Anne Foot (site, #42 English St., to the southeast) and of Lucy Hill (at
that time, the closest house, northwesterly of the site of #40).
,.
,!,«
Salem's general maritime foreign commerce fell off sharply in the late 1820s.
Imports, which were the cargoes in Salem ships, were supplanted by American
goods, now being produce9 in great quantities. The interior of the country was
being opened for settleme~t, and many Salemites moved away to these new lands
of opportunity. To the north, the falls of the Merrimack River powered large new
textile mills (Lowell was founded in 1823 ), which created great wealth for their
investors; and in general it ;seemed that the tide of opportunity was ebbing away
from Salem. In an ingenious attempt to stem the flow of talent from the town and
to harness its potential water power for manufacturing, Salem's merchants and
·capitalists banded together'in 1826 to raise the money to dam the North River for
industrial power. The project, which began with much promise, was suspended
(before construction began) in 1827, which demoralized the town even more, and
caused several leading citiiens to move to Boston, the hub of investment in the
new economy.
I
Starting in 1822, J.C. Very~s assessment went down; and his property was
described 1822-1829 in the valuations as "house & shop" worth $900, with stock
worth $300. Evidently he \eased and sublet his other property during that period.
Among the property that he had leased to others was the house that he had built by
September, 1826 (this one, at now-40 English Street), when he mortgaged it and
\0
�described it as the place where he then resided. It must have been a short-lived
residence, for the valuations do not indicate that he had moved from the house he
had been occupying since 1817, nor would they until 1830. From the Salem
valuations, it may be seen that J.C. Very was taxed in 1828 and 1829 as a resident
of ward two, with a house & shop worth $900 and personal estate worth $300.
It would seem that Mr. Very moved from his other house into this one by the
spring of 1829. The house was built to a highly unusual plan, perhaps unique in
Essex County and certainly singular among the extant houses of Salem. The house
is three stories high, with an attic in the fourth story in the peak roof. It fronts on
the street only three bays across, with a side-porch front entrance, and an integral
lean-to roof, with rooms massed around a center chimney which does not provide
direct heat to the small northwest rooms. The original trim is found throughout the
house, which has two staircases, one for the side entry and one in the back.
On 14 May 1829 John C. Very, Salem trader, for $2500 sold to Peter E. Webster,
Salem trader, "the estate on which I now live," described as the dwelling house and
all other buildings and lot fronting 42' on English Street, and bounding southerly
80' on Anne Foot's land, and northerly 80' on land of Hill (ED 252:69). This
conveyance evidently had the effect of a mortgage; and Mr. Very would live here
for 20 years more. At nearly the same time, J.C. Very for $1100 sold to Capt.
Richard Davis of Charlestq~n his property on Allen Street and Derby Street (ED
252:69). In the 1830 censti~, John C. Very is listed on English Street in this house,
possibly with Thomas Muri)hy (and wife and daughter) as a tenant (p. 442, 1830
census). In the 1830 valuation he is listed as having moved to ward one from ward
two, with a house worth $1500 in English Street, a shop worth $100, two stores on
an old wharf and a small house ($600 total), and an acre of land worth $200. His
1831 assessment was similar but not identical. It seems likely that Mr. Very, who
had actually sold or mortgaged everything, used the money to re-assert control of
some of the property for which he had been credited in the years 1816-1822.
In 1830 occurred a horrifying crime that brought disgrace to Salem. Old Capt.
Joseph White, a wealthy merchant, resided in the house now called the GardnerPingree house, on Essex Street. He owned most of White's Wharf, of which Mr.
Very leased a part. One night, intruders broke into Capt. White's mansion and
stabbed him to death. AH of Salem buzzed with the news of murderous thugs; but
the murderer was a Cro'Yninshield (a very distant relative of Mr. Very, this
Crowninshield was a local crime-boss who, after being arrested, killed himself at
the Salem Jail). The assassin had been hired by his friends, Capt. White's own
relatives, Capt. Joseph Knapp and his brother Frank (they were executed by
I
\\
�hanging). The results of the investigation and trial uncovered much that was lurid
about Salem, and more of the respectable families quit the notorious town.
By this time, Mr. Very's three sons were growing up. The eldest, Edward, 18 in
1831, showed an interest in the ministry. The family was Baptist, and Edward,
who left town in 183 5 (per valuation records) would become a Baptist minister in·
Nova Scotia. The other two, Samuel, 16, and John C. Jr., 14, were already
working as young sailors on Salem merchant ships. On 24 Jan. 1832, Mr. Very's
father, Samuel Very, died on 24 Jan. 1832, aged 72 years. He was survived by his
second and third wives and by nine children.
As maritime commerce declined further, Salem's remaining merchants had to
move quickly to take their equity out of wharves and warehouses and ships and put
it into manufacturing and. transportation, as the advent of railroads and canals in
the 1830s diverted both capital and trade away from the coast. Some merchants
did not make the transition, and were ruined. Old-line areas of work, like ropemaking, sail-making, and ship chandleries, gradually declined and disappeared.
Well into the 1830s, Salem slumped badly.
Despite all, Salem was chartered as a city in 1836. City Hall was built 1837-8 and
the city seal was adopted with an already-anachronistic Latin motto of "to the
farthest port of the rich East"-a far cry from "Go West, young man!" The Panic
of 183 7, a brief, sharp, nationwide economic depression, caused even more Salem
families to head west in search of fortune and a better future. Salem had not
prepared for the industrial age, and had few natural advantages. The North River
served not to power factories but mainly to flush the waste from the many
tanneries (23 by 1832) that had set up along its banks. Throughout the 1830s, the
leaders of Salem scrambled to re-invent an economy for their fellow citizens, many
of whom were mariners without much sea-faring to do. Ingenuity, ambition, and
hard work would have to carry the day.
One inspiration was the Salem Laboratory, Salem's first science-based
manufacturing enterprise, founded in 1813 to produce chemicals. At the plant built
in 1818 in North Salem on the North River, the production of alum and blue vitriol
was a specialty; and it proved a very successful business. Salem's whale-fishery,
active for many years in the early 1800s, led, in the 1830s, to the manufacturing of
high-quality candles at Stage Point, along with machine oils. The candles proved
very popular. Lead-manufacturihg began in the 1820s, and grew large after 1830,
when Wyman's gristmills on the Forest River were retooled for making high-
I 1...-
�quality white lead and sheet lead (the approach to Marblehead is still called Lead
Mills Hill, although the empty mill buildings burned down in 1960s).
These enterprises were a start toward taking Salem in a new direction. In 183 8 the
Eastern Rail Road began operating between Boston and Salem, which gave the
people of Salem and environs a direct route to the region's largest market. The
new railroad tracks ran right over the middle of the Mill Pond; the tunnel under
Washington Street was built in 1839; and the line was extended to Newburyport in
1840.
By this time, the two younger Very boys were well launched on their seafaring
careers. Salem was at that time a notable whaling port. John C. Very Jr. was a
crewman on the bark Reaper, Capt. Neal, which departed Derby Wharf, Salem, on
21 Aug. 1837, to go a-whaling in the Indian Ocean on a voyage that would last
nearly two years (seep. 17,3, F.D. Robotti's Whaling and Old Salem).
!'
In 1839, Samuel Very was mate on a merchant vessel (per valuations). He lived
here, along with his father, J.C. Very, his brother, J.C. Very Jr., and one Samuel
Gardner (see 1839 valuations). Mr. Gardner, by 1841, was a trader living
elsewhere on English Stre~t, with a store on Derby Street. In 1840 Samuel Very
became a master mariner (sea captain). In January, 1841, the new ship Sooloo,
commanded by J.C. Very's son Capt. Samuel Very, cleared Salem on a voyage to
Mobile, Liverpool, Batavia, and Padang. She was owned by the firm of Stone,
Silsbee, & Pickman; and she returned from her voyage on 3 April 1842 (see PEM
logbook 1841s2; also G.G. Putnam's Salem Vessels & Their Voyages, I:l29, in
which the master is incorrectly identified).
In 1845 John C. Very Jr. married Lucy Ann Collins, literally the girl next door, and
moved in with her at the house next southeasterly (then #14 English Street, now
gone). His brother, Capt. Samuel Very, when ashore resided on Charter Street.
They may have been acql!ainted with Rev. Jones Very of Federal Street, a very
distant cousin who was regarded as the finest devotional poet in America.
In the 1840s, new companies in new lines of business arose in Salem. The tanning
and curing of leather was a very important industry by the mid-1800s. It was
conducted on and near Boston Street, along the upper North River. There were 41
tanneries in 1844, and 85 ip 1850, employing 550 hands. The leather business
would continue to grow in importance throughout the 1800s. In 1846 the
Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company completed the construction at Stage Point of
the largest factory building in the United States, 60' wide by 400' long. It was an
17
�immediate success, and hundreds of people found employment there, many of
them living in industrial tenements built nearby. Also in the 1840s, a new method
was introduced to make possible high-volume industrial shoe production. In Lynn,
the factory system was perfected, and that city became the nation's leading shoe
producer. Salem had shoe factories too, and attracted shoe workers from outlying
towns and country areas. Even the population changed, as hundreds of Irish
families, fleeing the Famine, settled in Salem; and the men went to work in the
factories and as laborers.
In the face of all this change, some members of Salem's waning merchant class
continued to pursue their sea-borne businesses; but even the conditions of shipping
changed, and Salem was left on the ebb tide. In the late 1840s, giant clipper ships
replaced the smaller vessels that Salem men had sailed around the world; and the
clippers, with their deep drafts and large holds, were usually too large for Salem
and its harbor. The town's shipping soon consisted of little more than Zanzibartrade vessels and visits frot,TI Down East coasters with cargoes of fuel wood and
building timber. By 1850 Salem was about finished as a working port. A picture
of Salem's sleepy waterfront is given by Hawthorne in his "introductory section"
(really a sketch of Salem) ~o The Scarlet Letter, which he began while working in
the Custom House.
John Crowninshield Very, having outlived Salem's seafaring glory days, died on
13 Nov. 1849, aged 65 years. Evidently he had survived his wife Mary. Of his
three sons, Capt. Samuel Very was appointed administrator of his estate. On 1
December 1849 an inventory was made: the homestead ("house and land in
English Street standing in the name of P. E. Webster") was valued at $1500. Other
real estate was a strip of land next to 43 Derby Street ($60), one-fourth interest in a
common field on Derby Street ($600), a barn and land on Webb Street ($300), pew
#19 in the Baptish Church ($10), one-ninth interest in Samuel Very's estate ($150).
The personal estate included "Bartlett's shop" on Derby Street, a mortgage note for
$300, two shares in the Ess~x Railroad, one share in the Maine Railway, cargo on
the vessel La Grange, a cla,im against the Salem Charitable Marine Society for the
rent ofFriendship Hall, old notes, and $157.50 in household furniture and clothing.
On 8 Dec. 1849 for $900 the owner of the homestead, Peter E. Webster, Salem
merchant, sold the same to Capt. Samuel Very, J.C. Very's son (ED 421:23). The
property was described as fronting 42' on English Street. In 1850 (per census,
ward one, house 230), the house was occupied as a two family, by John
Crowninshield Very (Jr.), 33, mariner, and family (wife Lucy A., 28, daughters
�Lucy A., 4, and Mary D., two) and by Frederick Teal, 28, rigger, born in Germany,
and wife Margaret, 21, b01;n in Nova Scotia.
John Crowninshield Very (Jr.), born 1817, died 1April1862, SF, Cal. Hem. 13
Feb. 1845 Lucy Ann Collins (died 31Oct.1907). Known issue:
1. Lucy Ann Crowninshield, 11Nov.1845, m Edward E. Powers
2. Mary Dwyer, 1848 (Bath, Me.), m/11868 Nathaniel B. Gray, m/2 Walter
D. Swaney
In June, 1851, Mr. William B. Gray, Salem trader, for $1500 purchased the J.C.
Very homestead from Capt. Samuel Very Jr. (ED 446:302, correcting 446:163). It
was vaguely described in a first deed, so Mr. Gray insisted on a second deed with
accurate metes and bounds. The correct boundaries were given as 43' 3" on
English Street, southeasterly 89' on land now or late of Foote, southwesterly 76' 6"
on land of Barker & of Kehew, then running northeasterly 16' 8", then running
southeasterly 30' 2" on other land of Mr. Gray, and running northeasterly 71' on
the same.
The new owner (who evidently never resided here), William B. Gray, had, in
April, 1840, for $160, purchased from the Robert Hill heirs a piece of empty land,
northwesterly of the house, fronting 27' on English Street, southeasterly about 71'
and southwesterly 28' on land of Very, and northwesterly about 69' on other land
of Hill's heirs (ED 318:162). These combined lots fronted 70' 3" on English
Street.
William B. Gray (1799-1887), who grew up in this neighborhood, resided on Allen
Street and ran a nearby gropery. He had prospered over the years, and owned
several houses, which he rented out. He rented out #40 English Street (then known
as #12) as well. In 1856, 12 English Street was the residence of Capt. John C.
Very & family, and of Eliza Powers, widow, George Powers, 24, and Stephen A.
Powers, 26, a pilot (per 1857 Directory and 1856 street book). Eliza Powers was
Eliza (Francis) Powers, widow of Joel Powers, who had come from New
Hampshire. George and Stephen were her sons. David Perrigen, mariner, was at
10 English; and Joseph Perkins, pilot, was at 14 English (per ditto).
John C. Very (Jr.) had become a sea captain in the 1850s. He made a voyage from
February, 1857, to January, 1858, in command ofthe large bark Guide, 495 tons
burden (owner John Bertram) to Madagascar, Zanzibar, Musqat, and Aden (PEM
\S
�logbook 1857G). He resided at 15 Hardy Street by 1857 (see Directory), and never
lived here again. By 1860 (per census, ward one, house 1273) this house was
occupied (in one unit) by Ittai Peny, 50, a pilot, and wife Abigail, 45, Joseph E.
Phippen, 25, a cooper, Bernard Hanscomb (a painter) & Hannah Hanscomb, and
also (in the other unit) Joseph Crandall, 27, sailmaker, and family (Mary, 27, Eliza,
4, John, 2, and Joseph, one), and Leonora Goldman, 33, a tailoress born in Prussia.
The Crandalls had been here since 1858 (see 1859 Directory). Mr. Peny, as a
pilot, had the job of going out to the incoming merchant vessels and guiding them
safely down the Bay and into Salem Harbor. He had long been a resident of the
East Parish. Mr. Phippen,.the cooper, would later reside for many years at 5 Mall
Street.
The symbol of Salem's new industrial economy was the large twin-towered granite
train station, built in 1848!9 on filled-in land at the foot of Washington Street,
where before had been t~e'.merchants' wharves. The 1850s brought continued
growth: new churches, schools, streets, stores, etc. Catholic churches were built,
and new housing was constructed in North Salem and the Gallows Hill areas to
accommodate the workers~ In March, 1853, several streets were re-named and renumbered, including the consolidation of County, Marlboro, and Federal Streets as
Federal Street.
The Civil War began in April, 1861, and went on for four years, during which
hundreds of Salem men served in the army and navy, and many were killed or died
of disease or abusive treatment while imprisoned. Hundreds more suffered
wounds, or broken health. The people of Salem contributed greatly to efforts to
alleviate the suffering of the soldiers, sailors, and their families; and there was
great celebration when the :war finally ended in the spring of 1865.
In 1862 Capt. John C. V~ry (Jr.) died in California, leaving his widow Lucy and
two daughters, Lucy, seventeen, and Mary, fourteen. Lucy (Collins) Very was,
perhaps, the niece of (the owner) William B. Gray's wife, Hannah (Collins) Gray;
and Lucy moved in here with her girls. In 1868 Mary Very, 20, married Nathaniel
Gray, son of William B. Gray, the owner. Her sister Lucy married Edward
Powers. Their mother, Mrs. Lucy A. Very, lived here with them and worked as a
dressmaker.
Through the 1860s and 18~0s, Salem continued to pursue a manufacturing course.
The managers and capitalists tended to build their new, grand houses along
Lafayette Street (these hou~es may still be seen, south of Roslyn Street). In the
1870s, French-Canadian families began coming to work in Salem's mills and
�factories, and more houses and tenements were built in what had been open areas
of the city. For the workers, they built more and more tenements near the mills of
Stage Point. A second, larger, factory building for the Naumkeag Steam Cotton
Company would be added in 1859, and a third in 1865; and by 1879 the mills
would employ 1200 people and produce annually 14,700,000 yards of cloth. Shoemanufacturing also continued to expand, and by the end of the 1870s Salem would
have 40 shoe factories employing 600-plus operatives. More factories and more
people required more space for buildings, more roads, and more storage areas.
In 1870 (per census, house 77, ward one) the house was occupied in three units:
(first unit) Edward A. Powers, 32, mariner, wife Lucy A.C., 22, child Alice B.,
one; and Lucy A. Very, 48, dressmaker; (second unit) Elizabeth Gray, 27, works in
cigar shop, Ellen McCarthy, 57 (probably Elizabeth Gray's mother), born Ireland,
owns real estate worth $1000, keeping house, and Edward W. Gray, 7; (third unit)
Hannah Sweeney, 60, born Ireland, and William Sweeney, 28, hostler.
\
Mrs. Lucy (Collins) Very continued to live here through the 1870s, and had her
dressmaker's shop at 60 Washington (see 1872 directory) and later at 71
Washington Street (see 1'874 directory, etc.). Beginning in 1873, another tenant
here was the William N. G<?odridge family. In 1873 he was a railroad freight
conductor; and he had lived at 53 Derby Street in 1871-2. Mr. Goodridge, 25 in
1873, was married to a woman named Elizabeth, also 25, born in Ireland. This was
almost certainly the Elizabeth Gray who had lived here in 1870 (even though the
ages do not math up). The Goodridges had children Edward in 1872 and Jennie in
.
1873.
In 1874 Mr. Gray sold to hi,s son-in-law, James T. Goldsmith the two parcels that
made up this homestead, separately (the one he'd bought in 1840 from the Hill
heirs and the one he'd bought in 1851 from Samuel Very) (ED 912:202-3). A plan
was made of the two lots at that time, but the wrong dimensions were given for the
frontage of the larger parcel, whose real frontage of 43' 3" was given as 53' 3".
On 14 Nov. 1876 Mr. Goldsmith sold the premises back to Mr. Gray (ED 964:69).
In the late 1870s, Mrs. Lucy A. Very moved out of this house and into the Collins
house at 42 English Street. :She would die many years later, in 1907. The
Goodridges remained here (fnd were joined (in the other living unit) by the Watts
family.
1.
In 1880, the occupants here were listed in the census (1880 census, ED 229,
p.564). In one unit resided William N. Goodridge, 32, the freight conductor, his
wife Elizabeth, 32, their children Edward W., 8, and Jennie, 7, and Elizabeth's
\"1
�mother, Ellen McCarthy, 65, born in Ireland. In the other unit resided Charles
Watts, 77, a retired baker, born in Scotland, his wife Dorothy, 69, born in Maine,
their son Charles E. Watts, 36, a railroad brakeman, his wife Kate, 37, and children
Dollie, ten, John K.W., 8, and Charles M., three. The Wattses had resided at 53
Derby Street in 1874. Mr. C.E. Watts would be dead by 1883, but his family
continued to live here.
The owner of the house, Mr. William B. Gray, died on 18 Feb. 1887, in Danvers,
while waiting for a horse car to take him back to Salem on a very cold day. He
resided at 16 Allen Street and owned the houses and land then numbered 40-42
English Street and other real estate. By his will, this property was devised to
certain of his heirs. On 4 August 1887 for $487.50, the trustee ofNathaniel B.
Gray sold a one-fomth interest in the property to James Fanning of Salem, who
also bought, that same day, for another $975, from Mrs. Caroline A. (Gray)
Florentine and Mrs. Margaret C. (Gray) Forness, a half-interest therein (ED
1202:268,269). The property on English Street consisted of the lots and buildings
that are now 36-38 and 40 English Street (ED 1202:268-270). The lot was
described as fronting northeasterly 70' 3" on English Street, and running back two
courses by land of Robert Hill's heirs, then on Garrett's land, then butting on land
of Barker & Kehew, and bounding southeasterly 89' on land formerly of Foot.
Mr. Fanning soon (April, f888) sold off the northwesterly building and land (#3638); and four years later, in March, 1892, for $1500 he sold to Thomas H. Fanning
the remaining land and buildings, meaning the present homestead at #40 (ED
1335:537). This lot was described as fronting 42' 3" on English Street, and
running back 89', and bounded southeasterly on land of Collins formerly Foot.
In 1901-2, the house was tenanted by John J. Colbert, city teamster; Mrs. Ellen
Green, widow of John Green, and also by boarders David C. Green, driver, &
Frank H.A. Green, gardener, probably Mrs. Green's sons (see Directory 1901-2).
Thomas H. Fanning sold the same lot and buildings, 40 English Street, in
November, 1905, to Ellen F. Carr (ED 1809:252), who resided here. She was the
widow of Patrick H. Carr. In April, 1907, Mrs. Carr sold the premises to Mrs.
Annie T. (wife of Bartholomew J.) Doyle (ED 1868:201); and Mrs. Carr stayed on
here. In 1909 the occupants here were Mrs. Ellen F. Carr, widow of Patrick H.
Carr; Bartholomew J. Doyle & family; Frank A. Pitman (and family), employed at
the shoe-machinery plant ofUSM Co. in Beverly (see Directory, 1910).
�After withstanding the pressures of the new industrial city for about 50 years,
Salem's rivers began to disappear. The once-broad North River was filled from
both shores, and became ff canal along Bridge Street above the North Bridge. The
large and beautiful Mill Pond, which occupied the whole area between the present
Jefferson Avenue, Canal Street, and Loring Avenue, finally vanished beneath
streets, storage areas, junk-yards, rail-yards, and parking lots. The South River,
too, with its epicenter at Central Street (that's why there was a Custom House built
there in 1805) disappeared under the pavement of Riley Plaza and New Derby
Street, and its old wharves (even the mighty Union Wharf, formerly Long Wharf,
at the foot of Union Street) were joined together with much in-fill and turned into
coal-yards and lumber-yards. Only a canal was left, running in from Derby and
Central Wharves to Lafayette Street.
Salem kept building infrastructure; and new businesses arose, and established
businesses expanded. Retail stores prospered, and machinists, carpenters,
millwrights, and other specialists all thrived. The Canadians were followed in the
early 20th century by large,numbers of Polish and Ukrainian families, who settled
primarily in the Derby Street neighborhood, although English Street was inhabited
by people of Yankee and Irish background. In 1913 the house was occupied by the
families of Clarence J. Richardson, a clerk at BSS Railroad Company, and of John
J. Mason, a metal worker (see 1914 Directory). By the eve of World War One,
Salem was a bustling, polyglot city that supported large department stores and
large factories of every description. Its politics were lively, and its economy was
strong.
On June 25, 1914, in the morning, in Blubber Hollow (Boston Street opposite
Federal), a fire started in ope of Salem's fire-prone wooden tanneries. This fire
soon consumed the building and raced out of control, for the west wind was high
and the season had been dry. The next building caught fire, and the next, and out
of Blubber Hollow the fire' roared easterly, a monstrous front of flame and smoke,
wiping out the houses of Boston Street, Essex Street, and upper Broad Street, and
then sweeping through Hathorne, Winthrop, Endicott, and other residential streets.
Men and machines could not stop it: the enormous fire crossed over into South
Salem and destroyed the neighborhoods west of Lafayette Street, then devoured
the mansions of Lafayette Street itself, and raged onward into the tenement district.
Despite the combined efforts of heroic fire crews from many towns and cities, the
fire overwhelmed everything in its path: it smashed into the large factory buildings
of the Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company (Congress Street), which exploded in an
inferno; and it rolled down Lafayette Street and across the water to Derby Street.
At that point, the people here on English Street had reason to fear that even their
�neighborhood would be destroyed; however, the fire-fighters made a great stand at
a point just east of Union Street and, after a 13-hour rampage, the monster was
killed, having consumed 250 acres, 1600 houses, and 41 factories, and leaving
three dead and thousands homeless. Some people had insurance, some did not; all
received much support and generous donations from all over the country and the
world. It was one of the greatest urban disasters in the history of the United States,
and the people of Salem would take years to recover from it. Eventually, they did,
and many of the former houses and businesses were rebuilt; and several urbanrenewal projects (including Hawthorne Boulevard, which involved removing old
houses and widening old streets) were put into effect.
In 1920, the house was occupied as a two-family. In one unit still lived Clarence
Richardson, 35, a bookkeeper, and wife Grace, 32. In the other unit lived Walter
F. Andrews, 58, employed as a janitor, with wife Margaret, 62, son Walter, 30, a
shoe-cutter in a factory, daughter Mary, 28, a shoe worker, and son Albert, 22, a
shipper in a jewelry store (see 1920 census).
By the 1920s, Salem was once again a thriving city; and its tercentenary in 1926
was a time of great celebration. In August, 1923, Mrs. Doyle had sold the
homestead to Mrs. Karolina (wife of Andrej) Bakrzycki (ED 2493 :309). The
Bakrzyckis moved in and resided here into the 1930s. The property was owned in
the 1940s by absentee landlords, who sold it in 1947 o M/M Sylvio (Loretta)
Bernard (ED 3560:351), wpo owned it for many years. They sold it in 1970 for
$6500 (ED 5662:384). It has changed hands several times since, and is now
owned by Hannah and Alicia Diozzi.
After booming along thrmmh the 1950s, Salem suffered from the arrival of
suburban shopping malls .and the relocation of manufacturing businesses took their
toll, as they have with maQ.y other cities. More than most, Salem has navigated its
way forward into the present with success, trading on its share of notoriety arising
from the witch trials, but also from its history as a great seaport and as the home of
Bowditch, Mcintire, Bentley, Story, and Hawthorne. Most of all, it remains a city
where the homes of the old-time merchants, mariners, traders, and mill-operatives
are all honored as a large part of what makes Salem different from any other place.
--Robert Booth for Historic Salem Inc., 11 Jan. 2003.
-~v-k'Vv
\
�Glossary & Sources
A figure like (ED 123:45) refers to book 123, page 45, Essex South registry of Deeds,
Federal Street, Salem.
A figure like (#12345) refers to Essex Probate case 12345, on file at the Essex Probate
Court, Federal Street, Salem, or on microfilm at Mass. Archives, Boston, or at the
Peabody Essex Museum's Phillips Library, Salem.
MSSRW refers to the multi-volume compendium, Mass. Soldiers & Sailors in the
Revolutionary War, available at the Salem Public Library among other places.
MSSCRW refers to the multi-volume compendium, Mass. Soldiers, Sailors, & Marines in
the Civil War, available at the Salem Public Library among other places.
EIHC refers to the Essex Institute HistOrical Collections (discontinued), a multi-volume
set (first volume published in 1859) of data and articles about Essex County. The indices
of the EIHC have been consulted regarding many of the people associated with this
house.
The six-volume published Salem Vital records (marriages, births, and deaths through
1849) have been consulted~ as have the Salem Directory and later Naumkeag Directory,
which have information about residents and their addresses, etc.
Sidney Perley's three-volume History of Salem, 1626-1716 has been consulted, as has the
four-volume William Bentley's Diary, J. Duncan Phillips' books, some newspaper
obituaries, and other sources.
Salem real estate valuations, and, where applicable, Salem Street Books, have also been
consulted, as have genealogies.
There is much more material available about Salem and its history; and the reader is
encouraged to make his or her own discoveries.
--Robert Booth
14
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·-----··-·----
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���
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
English Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
40 English Street, Salem, MA 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built by John Crowninshield Very, trader, between 1820 and 1826, when he mortgaged the property to Captain James Deveraux for a sum owed to Deveraux and Stephen White.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.; Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built 1820-1826; researched 2003.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Researched by Robert Booth.
Language
A language of the resource
English
1820
1826
40 English Street
John Crowninshield Very
Salem MA
-
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e7429ed17f4e7b20edfd5d4bcb800b77
PDF Text
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s~~M:1-orporated
POST OFFICE BOX 865
SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS 01970 / PHONE (617) 745-0799
41 English Street
Built for,
ELIZABETH GRAY, widow of JOHN
by the year 1806
.Research by,
Joyce King
July 1981
"to preserve Historic Sites, Bili/dings and objects,
and to work for the education of the community
in the true value of the same."
�1
41 English Street
English Street, originally called English's lane, was laid out over
the land of Philip English and others about 1697.
The lot on which
this house stands was part of the land owned _by Mary English in 1684/5
. (appendix A).
On June 25, 1801 John Gray, _a Salem mariner, purchased a plot of land
on English Street from. Capt. Edward Allen for the sum of $400:
Sr.
(book 168 page 225)
John Gray was born in Salem in 1771 and married Elizabeth Brown on
Nov. 3, 1794·
The couple, with their children Eliza (b.1795), John
(b.1797) and William B. (b. 1799) were living on Barton Ct. when they
purchased the lot on English St.
Mr. Gray intended to build a home
on this lot upon his return from the next voyage.
Unfortunately,
Mr. Gray died of a fever on March 7, 1802 while in Batavia.
The
news of his death was not received in Salem until July 31, 1802
(appendix B, also Rev. Bentley's Parish List of Deaths).
�An inventory of Mr. Gray's estate (probate #11612) indicates that
the value of the English St. lot was $300.
The item with the greatest
worth was 2881 pounds of coffee, at 18¢ per pound; total value tt518.58.
This was undoubtedly the money Mr. Gray intended to use to finance
his English St. house (appendix C).
On Oct. 4, 1804 Allen Street was accepted by the city as a public way.
The John Gray estate was awarded a $10 compensation for a small wedge
of land needed for the width of the newly formed street:
r -- - -
,_ - -
-- - -
- - - - - -- - - - - - -
- -
ST
(tovm records for 1804)
Elizabeth Gray died on May 15, 1806.
In his list of Parish Deaths,
Rev. Willia111 Bentley made note of her death
John Gray.
Fever, 33 years.
married at 21.
English street."
11
Elizabeth, widow of
Husband died in 1802.
Left two sons and an infirm daughter.
She was a Browne,
Not long sick.
�The first mention of a house on this land appears in the probate
(#11598) of Mrs. Elizabeth Gray (appendix D).
Along with the property
Elizabeth inherited from her father, Benjamin Browne, is
11
A small
house standing on land the estate of John Gray late of Salem deed.
Situate on English_ Street Salern 11 •
Value $200.
By reading the
inventory of her estate one is given the impression that Mrs. Gray
earned a living as either a tailoress or shopkeeper (appendix D).
Benjamin Browne, brother of Elizabeth, was appointed guardian of the
On Nov. 1, 1806 11r. Brovme sold the Essex and Becket
Gray children.
St. properties, but retained the English St. estate for the benefit
of the heirs.
It can not be determined who occupied the house during
the children's minority.
A division of the estate was
ma~e
on June
23, 1820, 18 days after the youngest child, William, reached his 21st
birthday:
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(book 225 page 39)
�The 1831 tax records for English St. shovr that John Gray Jr., (ropemaker)
owned a house with a shop in it valued at iS300.
William B. Gray also
owned a house with a shop in it, plus one swine, total value $200.
On Sept. 18,
18L~3
John Gray, ropemaker, and his vlife Abigail sold for
the sum of $800 "To my brother William B., cordwainer, a lot of land
on English Street with shop and two story dwelling house·,. baing
lots #1 (purchased from Eliza) and #2 in the division made in book
225. page 39." The Salem Street Books for 1844 substantiate this transaction:
English Street
occupants
(real estate sold to
#13 (now 41) Joseph Papulla
age 28
Nathaniel Andrews age 27 William B. Gray ~t800)
#15 (formerly 16 Allen St)
William B. Gray
John Gray ·
1849 English Street
#13 Frederick Hunt
John Stanley
Thomas Stanley
#15
William B. Gray
William Gray ·
Charles
The federal census of 1850 gives a closer look as to the occupants
of the Gray estate:
#13 Elizabeth Stanley
John w.
".
II
Thomas
II
Eliza.beth P.
Mary E.
"
Margaret A. II
Sarah A. Goodhue
2nd family
Frederick Hunt
II
Mary
II
Mary M.
Celeste E• II
Almeda
"
Frederick w.
age 53
ti
24
II
22
II
15
II
11
II
8
II
16
II
II
"
II
11
JI
39
34
15
7
f
tailor
carpenter
born Mass.
II
II
"
II
II
II
"
II
II
engineer
II
ti
II
ti
II
"
II
II
II
II
II
II
"
II
II
�5
(1850 census cont.)
#15 English Street
William B. Gray
II
Hannah
II
William
II
Charles
II
Mary
II
Elizabeth
II
Daniel
II
Edward w.
II
John
II
Nathaniel
Margaret c. II
II
Eliza
grocer
age 61
II
49
II
27
II
25
II
23
II
20
II
19
II
17
II
16
II
13
II
10
II
64
born Mass.
"
clerk
trader
II
"
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
mariner
cooper
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
"
The tax records for 1855 indicate new tenants:
#13 Robert Peele Jr.
owner
Daniel Ellis
Robert Peele 3rd
Francis w. Lyford
II
II
II
William B. Gray
$900
.
.
The 1860 census listing for #13· English
Edward Miller
age 35
mariner
II
Louisa II
27
II
George E. II
4
II
Nicholas
1
2nd family
fl
Nathaniel Soley
stevedore
25
II
fl
Harriet E.
22
II
II
Ellen
16
1866 tax records:
#13 John A. Welsh
Thomas Hyfle
1870 census
Mary Potter
Martha II
Mary A. II
II
Samuel
II
Annie A.
2nd family
Catherine Welsh
II
John E.
born Sweden
II
Mass.
II
II
II
II
II .
II
..
II
II
II
II
owner Wm B. Gray
house value $400
32 X 59
land value
300
age 32
II
30
age 58
II
30
II
21
II
19
II
17
II
II
65
35
keeps house
born Mass.
II
II
no occupation
11
II
works at printing
II
II
insurance office
II
II
no occupation
keeps house
mariner
II
II
Mass.
II
�English Street was renumbered in 1870 as evidenced in the tax records:
1/'41 John A. Welsh age 36
owner Wm B. Gray house $600
land
300
Samuel A. Potter
age 19
1872
#41
Augustus Forness
age 35
James Pott~r
age 21
owner Wm B. Gray
On Sept. 18, 1874 William Gray sold to his son-in-law, Augustus
w.
Forness, "The land and buildings which was set off to John Gray and
which he subsequently conveyed to me by deed book 339 page 122. 11
See
plan (appendix E).
The land and buildings were transferred, by Augustus and Margaret
Forness, back to William B. Gray on Nov. 14, 1876.
"The same premises
conveyed to me by William B. Gray on Sept. 18, 1874 in book 912
page 202."
1876 taxes:
#41 Samuel A. Potter
Dudley Sanborn
owner
Wm B. Gray
house $700
land
400
The 1880 census gives a clearer picture of the Potter and Sanborn
families:
Samuel A. Potter age 39 insurance agent
born Mass.
. II
II
II
Martha E.
40 sister keeps house
"
2nd f arnily
II
II
II
Edward Sanborn
34 laborer
II
II
II
II
keeps house
Abby A.
30 wife
II
II
II
Annie F. II
12 daughter
at school
II
II
II
II
Edward R.
10 son
at school
II
II
II
II
William
6 son
II
II
II
II
Jennie
4 daughter
�(
William B. Gray died on Feb. 18, 1887.
The Salem Observer carried
this obituary notice:
"William B. Gray, a venerable resident of down town, dropped dead
in Danvers, yesterday morning, 1vhere he had gone to transact some
business at the Savings Bank.
He was 88 years of age and for a
number of years kept a grocery store at the corner of English and
Allen Streets.
He was a man of sterling character and universally
respected."
In the probate case (#64637) of William B. Gray a list of heirs is
given:
son
son
daughter
daughter
grandson
grandson
Nathaniel A. Gray
John Gray
Caroline A. Florentine
Nary c. Forness
Edwin W. Gray
William c. Goldsmith
(appendix F)
On August 4, 1887 the heirs of VJilliam B. Gray sold at a private sale
to Bridget Lahan l1-l English St. (book 1203 pages 123-125).
On Sept.
1,. 1887 a straw deed was drawn with the sole purpose of correcting
the :previous deeds in which Honora Lahan was erroneously called
Bridget Lahan (book 1204 page 522).
1887 tax records:
machine agent
James A. Hall
11
clerk
Francis A.
James s. Plummer painter
1895 taxes:
7~'.L~l
John H. Lehan
~if illiarn J. 11
E cl1'1<:.1.r d tT •
Thomas J.
II
II
laborer
age
shoema}::.er 11
II
II
II
owner
house $500
land
300
(written in blue penc:hl
Honor a La11an)
~'!n
B. Gray
owner Honora Lehan
'nouse. '1-70,..,
~:·
,,
land
300
�1900 tax
owner Honora Hehan
William J. Lehan shoemaker
11
electrician
Edward J.
(same value as 1895)
11
shoemaker
Thomas J.
Timothy J. Maroney teamster
On Feb. 1, 1901 Patrick J., John J., William, Edward and Thomas Lehan
sold to Hannah M. Lehan, "all our right as heirs of our mother
Honora Lehan." For title see book 1203 pages 123-125.
(book 1633 page
238)
1905 tax
Edward J. Lehan
electrician
William J. "
laborer
Thomas J.
"
electrician
Joseph F. Langlois teamster
owner H.M.Lehan
house $800
land
400
On Dec. 14, 1909 Hannah M. Lehan mortgaged the property to Thomas
O'Shea, of Peabody, for the sum of $:J_,200 (book 1998 page 96).
Mr.
O'Shea assigned the mortgage to the Naumkeag Trust Co., who foreclosed
on the mortgage on Jan. 9, 1935 (book 3026 page 53).
On March 16, 1935 the Naumkeag Trust Co. sold the premises to Leger
and Eva Lavoie, husband and wife (book 3028 page 458).
Jan. 24, 1946 Leger F. and Eva Lavoie sold the premises to Frank A.
and Francis M. Fabello,, (book 3437 page 560).
Frank A. and Francis M. Fabello sold, the same property sold to them
by Leger F. Lavoie et ux, to Christos and Mary Tillas on July 24, 1963
(book 5085 page 94).
�In 1967 the Peabody Co-op Bank holder of a mortgage from Christo
and Lary Tillas foreclosed for default (book 5Li.25 page
Sept. 28, 1967 the Peabody Co-op Bank sold to Clart
(book 5479 page 799).
L~93).
F~eal ty
On
Corp.
The title of this property, along with 18
other parcels were transferred to Nicholas J. Decoulos and then to
Nicholas J. Decoulos as trustee of Garland Healty Trust on Dec. 20,
1978 (book 6552
pag~
402).
On August 14, 1970 Nicholas J. Decoulas, as trustee of Garland
Realty Trust sold to Edward ? • Preble, of
L1-l
English St., tvTO
parcels:
I
I..; ..
(/)
(book 6621 page 352)
�IV
Note: Tax records seldom list widows, therefore the exact date of
construction can not be determined. The earliest documented date
of 1806 (Elizabeth Gray's probate) must be taken. The time span
of 1802-1806 is a certainty.·
Reference to book and page are deed books at the Registry of Deeds.
Probate numbers are cases at Probate Court, both offices are located
in the same building on Federal St. All maps in this report are
not meant to be exact, just for illustration.
�,
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Estate f1]-:Alary-E'flglislz Houu (Bl11e
Anclzor Taz•ern). This house and lot
were the estate of William Hollingworth
before 1661. He mortgaged the estate
to :Mr. Philip Cromwell of Salem, for two
hundred and fifty pounds, June 1, 1672 ;§
Mr. Hollingworth was•lost at sea in 1677;
and Mr. Cromwell, who was then a slaughterer, for the amount of the mortgage,
conveyed the house and lot to l\Ir.Hollingworth's widow, Elinor Hollingworth, of
Salem, it then being in her possession,
March 4, x68 t-1. I! l\Irs. Hollingworth is
said to have established the business of
an innkeeper in this house, which became
known as The Blue Anchor TaYern. She
conveyed the house and land with the
wharf and landing place, to her daughter
*E5sex Registry
tEssex ltc:...-.istry
book 2, leaf 64.
tEssex Registry
§Essex Registry
i!Essex Registry
of Dce<I:;. bonk ;, leaf 5_:;.
of Deed>, bot'k 1, !.::al 6. and
of Deeds, 1,ook 2, leai 104 •
of Deeds, book 3, leaf 16o.
of Deeds, hook 6, leaf 42.
Mary English Feb. 17, 1684-5 ;* and
died in 1690.
The tavern was probably conducted by
her grandson Philip English as soon as
he became of age (in 1705). Upon the
death of his mother, in 169.J, the estate
descended to him. He lived in and conducted the tavern when he conveyed t~e
land, house, warehouse and wharf for six
hundred pounds, to Richard Derby of
Salem, mariner, Feb. 24, 1748.t Mr.
Derby took the house down about 1759.
Dr. 'Villiam Bentley wrote, in 1791 .• of
this house as follows: "At the eastward
of English's lane near the water is a store
enlarged, but originally built above one
hundred years. A few yards above is the
large cellar, the stones of which were sold
six years since, but the steps remain, over
which stood a very large house with peaks
as English's below, and which was employed as a tavern by the name of the
BLliE ANCHOR. Tt has been down
above forty years and there was a store
put over the cellar, which within a few
years has been remo,·ed into North Fields.
Beyond on the shore is to be seen the
cellar of a house possessed by Mary Brown,
the land being since sold to Capt. Richard Derby. On the west side of English's
lane, opposite to the tavern, is a cellar
upon which stood a house within the
memory of the present generation. Beyond Brown's house and Whitford's, which
is a house since built, about twenty years,
and now standing, is to be seen the cellar of Webb's house, the land being yet
in the family. There were three other
houses before we came to the group upon
the Point of Rocks, and one cellar is now
to be seen upon the plain between the
Block house ruins and the present enclosure upon the Point. The Bl11<" .Anthcir was celebrated for Marblehead Campains.'' t
Doctor Bentley continued, in 'i93 :·
".r.Iary English w:is the only child of
William Hollirgworth, who married Eleanor Stoty, from England. The family
livt·d at 111e Point of Rocks: and Mary.
the accused was born at the Bl/(.e Anchor,
at the head of English's wharf eastward.
The house afterwards a public house, and
has been taken down about thirty-three
yea~s·'.'.~
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
English Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
41 English Street, Salem, MA 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built for Elizabeth Gray, widow of John Gray, before her death in 1806. Elizabeth Gray may have earned a living as a dressmaker or shopkeeper after her husband died of a fever at Batavia in 1802. Her son William bought the house from his brother John in 1843. After his death in 1887 it was sold to Honora Lehan.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.; Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built by 1806; researched 1981.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Researched by Joyce King.
Language
A language of the resource
English
1806
41 English Street
Elizabeth Gray
Honora Lehan
John Gray
William Gray
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/28828/archive/files/4e35dc58320ed87a39b3f73fcdd65492.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=FWjcwXM-7T9uQQ7XbnqrMVRzEWwefkHvMxBntJy5uVfRTo8m-%7EB-soj2qUBaGDfoPSwzTdUSs1kAAig8NtRjT6A%7EIqeXn3SbKfYIcqzgTZEK9Yk-iUHVj3lZHRrtgsNnLSkcViED4K9q9o%7EBz8p%7ElsOD83aZgB%7Ev1-X7ey8dhaDgvpViIE5DvivFn6afPLcI6abaExpqciNkIVkGk2NngkHFLAWkMKSUBKF7vFRX65PSJ3GNON0D-wcEJzV3tsGz6k%7ET3YJhDyRvFuiyCuQiBZ0TLFSSx0j0rUWvFD82in%7EsROJc54gyqvjBseg7mAFoQOtjayqbV8F1s35Hazv8fQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
7a3beee581680dddd4cf9d63c75bda5c
PDF Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
English Street
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
44-46 English Street, Salem, MA, 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House History
Description
An account of the resource
West India Store, Built for William Pearson 1824
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. House Histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
c. 1824, 1980
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Joyce King
1824
44-46 English Street
Pearson
Salem
Store
West India store
William Pearson
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/28828/archive/files/7fad52d8a408e17e666d66e028bf706c.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=AvcN17JZuZ%7EsJZThRcUgbLDw1xWZ42f4HfdS-nDWQKREqudWjGXIHSfs%7EZ%7EMat96YcV2bvbM5hPCSHdeaxTvSO76ysT2IYYMTIDYdNaEZCD2DQLYJ2455RU8xgpDAZak1MyEWNKvEiUStgbNqSolH2rnnQGtvsKeoTFxarjEwgIOEDT06KnfEvfD1fDroy8VN0Af8-YQz-hW5FC3bPFHKsQicBlQKC2wTHapAsjjD8vA-czvA1sfzmoWIH71n0dcQZ5w7IObeWIT76ILcW-qKxZGlSUTrYVMV%7EwjaMcPT-C%7E5DhDlhahKWAUPRgNzjkyEr73Ds13VzI-61cG7UgjOQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
2460332fc47b65dc4686b89ee92a928a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
English Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
44-46 English Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built as a West India goods store for William Pearson by 1824.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.; Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built by 1824; researched 1980
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Researched by Joyce King
Language
A language of the resource
English
1824
44-46 English Street
Salem MA
West India goods store
William Pearson