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8 Pleasant Street
Built by
Thomas Cronan,
Mason,
His Wife,
Elizabeth Pierce
in 1921
Researched and written by
Carlos Cueva Caro
March 2024
Historic Salem, Inc.
9 North Street, Salem, MA 01970
978.745.0799 | historicsalem.org
© 2024
�Figure 1: 8 Pleasant Street, c. 2020. Salem Assesors Office
8 Pleasant Street
The house in 8 Pleasant Street is relatively recent, being built in 1921 by Thomas Cronan,
a mason and contractor. Yet the history of the property goes back to the early 19th century
when 8 Pleasant Street belonged to a far larger property that also included what today is 121
and 121 ½ Bridge Street. 8 Pleasant Street is located between two historic neighborhoods
in Salem, Bridge Street Neck Historic District (its official boundary is 121 Bridge Street) and
Washington Square Historic District, and its history is closely associated with the connection
between both neighborhoods. This is an area closely intertwined with Salem’s history as a
whole. It has been influenced by the early colonial settlement of Salem and the Witch Trials,
the American Revolution, Salem’s Maritime Golden Age, Salem’s transition into an industrial
city, the rise of the Polish-American community, the twentieth-century decline, and its revival
of fortunes.
2
�Seventeenth Century
Long before the first Europeans arrived in Salem, the area was inhabited by the
Naumkeag band of the Massachusett people. According to the 1985 Massachusetts
Historical Commission’s report on Salem, the Naumkeag’s settlements would have been
located in the mouths of the North, South, and Forest Rivers, making the Bridge Street
Neck of Salem, a likely candidate for one of these settlements. 1 It is in Massey’s Cove,
today at the end of March Street, where the first English settlers, led by Roger Conant,
landed. Though the exact location of this initial settlement hasn’t been determined,
according to Salem historian Sidney Perley, the First Planters built 19 cottages along the
North River. These First Planters were also fishermen, using the coves in the area to
anchor their boats, particularly Shallop Cove, now Collins Cove. They also used the
marshes around Collins Cove to harvest reeds for thatching. This would make Bridge
Street one of Salem’s oldest roads and the main thoroughfare connecting Salem with
Beverly. 2 Nevertheless, this first settlement would only last around 10 years. In 1628, John
Endecott (also spelled Endicott) arrived on the ship Arbella and took control of the town,
moving the community to the south. By 1634, the new town of Salem was organized
around their first meeting house closer to the South River, where today the former Daniel
Low & Co. building still stands, between Essex and Washington Streets, and the earlier
area was abandoned.
During this time, the land where the Salem Common is now located was a hilly, swampy
area, occupied by a creek connecting five ponds. Upon taking possession of the land, the
colonists followed English traditions of setting aside land for collective use. Early Salem
residents used this land for grazing and large-scale public gatherings. In 1770 an almshouse
was built on the common. An event of note is the first muster of the East Regiment of
1 Massachussetts Historical Commission. MHC Reconnaissance Survey Town Report: Salem. (Boston, 1985.)
2 National Park Service. National Register of Historic Places: Bridge Street Neck Historic District, Salem (Essex County), MA.
May, 2002. Section 8, page 2.
3
�Figure 2: Salem Common and Deliverance and Susana Parkma "Ship Tavern Pasture" from William Freeman’s
1932 map of Salem in 1700, based on Sidney Perley’s research.
4
�the Massachusetts Militia in 1637, considered the birth of the National Guard. 3
Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the areas west and south of the
common, close to Central Street (today Essex Street) with the meeting house, and the port
district, respectively, became heavily urbanized. In contrast, the north and east areas of
the common remained largely underdeveloped, alternating between large pastures
and fields, tanneries, and ropewalks. According to Salem historian Sidney Perley, in
1700 the area where 8 Pleasant Street stands today was part of a large pasture known as
the Ship Tavern Pasture. The pasture was bounded to the north by Bridge Street, to the east
by Collins Cove, to the south by land belonging to Ann Bradstreet (approximately where
Pleasant Street Avenue is today), and to the west by a no-longer-existing old road that
connected Lemon Street with Washington Square East.
The Ship Tavern was established by William Clark in 1636 on Essex Street, becoming
one of Salem's first taverns. In 1639, the general court of Massachusetts determined that
all innkeepers should “provide stables and hay for horses and enclosures for pasturing.” 4
Given its location downtown, William would have to purchase twelve acres of land on what
at the time were the outskirts of Salem, near the common, to feed his guests’ horses, hence
the name of this plot, Ship Tavern Pasture.
Following William’s death, his widow,
Katherine, married John Gedney, Sr. who took over the running of the tavern until he
died in 1688, 5 after which Katherine ran the tavern, then known as Widow Gedney’s
Tavern. It gained prominence in 1692 during the Salem Witch Trials when it was used by
jurors and witnesses for entertainment and refreshments. 6
3 Brooks, Rebecca, “Salem Common in Salem, Massachusetts” History of Massachusetts Blog, July 18, 2021. https://historyofmassachusetts.org/salem-common/
4 Perley, Sidney, The History of Salem, Massachusetts: 1638-1670 (Virginia: The University of Virginia, 1926), 74.
5 Perley, Sidney, The History of Salem, Massachusetts: 1638-1670, 184.
6 Salem Witch Museum, Site of Ship Tavern, aka Widow Gedney’s. https://salemwitchmuseum.com/locations/ship-tavern-akawidow-gedneys-site-of/
5
�Eighteenth Century
In 1698, the Gedney estate, tavern and pasture included, was conveyed to
Deliverance Parkman and his fourth wife Susanna. Following Deliverance’s death in 1715,
the tavern and pasture passed to his daughter Mehitable and her husband, the Rev.
George Curwen, pastor of the First Church of Salem. 7 Following George’s death in 1740, the
estate was divided between his two sons, Samuel and George, George inherited the Ship
Tavern Pasture. In 1749, Geroge’s widow, Sarah, sold the field to Benjamin Pickman. 8
Colonel Benjamin Pickman was born in Salem in 1708, a successful merchant, he
“filled the same position that Elias Hasket Derby did in a succeeding generation,” 9 he was
heavily involved in the colony ’s civic life, serving as judge, councilor, and legislator, and was
commandant of the First Essex Regiment. Upon his death in 1773, the estate was inherited
by his son, Benjamin Pickman Jr. Born in 1740, the younger Pickman’s path initially seemed
to follow that of his father. He was also a successful merchant, commanded the First Essex
Regiment, and served as Representative of the Provincial Assembly, yet the Revolution
upended his life. Being raised as a proper British gentleman, Benjamin Jr. took a stance
against the Revolution. In a fervently patriotic city like Salem, that was a social suicide that
forced him to skip town and see his property confiscated. During his exile, his surviving letters
to his wife, Mary Toppan, reveal not only his earnest desire to be back by her side but also
his longing for Salem and America. It’s not surprising that after the war, he made his
return to Salem in 1788. What is surprising, however, is that he was able to quickly
rebuild his life, recover his property, and regain his social standing in Salem. The fact
that John Adams referred to him as “the agreeable Mr. Pickman” puts into evidence his
charisma. 10
7 Corwin, Edward, The Corwin Genealogy (Curwin, Curwen, Corwine) in the United States, (New York: 1872), 79
8 Essex County Registry of Deeds (ECRD) Book 94, page 174, June 20, 1749.
9 Ward, George, The Journal and Letters of Samuel Curwen: An American in England, from 1775 to 1783, (Boston: Little Brown
and Company, 1864), 629.
10 Seger, Donna, “Minding the Farm,” Streets of Salem (blog), December 3, 2013. https://streetsofsalem.com/2013/12/03/minding-the-farm/
6
�Figure 3: Portrait of Col. Benjamin Pickman by John Singleton Copley, 1750
7
�Nineteenth Century
Regardless of his success, Benjamin Jr. would have found a much different Salem
than the one he left more than ten years before. With America now an independent
country, Salem merchants took advantage of the newly available access to the rich trade
of China and the East Indies. Throughout the 1790s and 1800s, these merchants pioneered
expeditions to the East Indies, China, and the North Pacific, transitioning Salem from a
fishing port to a trade entrepôt and propelling its golden age. Salem became America’s
most affluent city, being the hometown of America’s first millionaire, the aforementioned
Elias Hasket Derby. With this incoming wealth, these wealthy merchants began looking for
new fashionable neighborhoods to develop. Though the area around Chestnut Street was
the crown jewel of this period, the Salem Common also experienced a transformation from
a swampy backyard of the city into a fashionable city park. In 1801, Elias Hasket Derby
oversaw efforts to drain the swamp, level the hills, and plant trees around the park. The old
common was transformed into Washington Square, its transformation being completed with
the inauguration of the ceremonial archway on the west gate, carved by the celebrated
architect Samuel McIntire (a replica of which stands today on the common). 11
The redevelopment of the common also meant the expansion of the city towards Collins
Cove. The old dirt road flanking the eastern side of the common was renamed Pleasant Street,
a sign of what the city hoped this new neighborhood would be, and plans were made to
expand the street towards Bridge Street through Pickman’s land. In 1797, Benjamin Pickman
Jr. divided his lands and sold a parcel bounded by the new street to the east “which is a
continuation from Pleasant Street,” and Bridge Street to the north 12 to Cornelius Bartlett, a
currier. Cornelius and his wife, Grace, throughout the following year gradually sold pieces of
this land, before finally selling the largest tract to Captain Isaac Smith. 13
11 Salem Heritage Trail, Salem Common, https://salemheritagetrail.org/locations/salem-common/
12 ECRD, book 162, page 116, March 28, 1797.
13 ECRD, book 164, page 124, August 21, 1798.
8
�Figure 4: Capt. Isaac Smith House, 121 Brige Street. (Massachusetts Historical Comission, 1987)
Captain Smith was born in 1769 in Wellfleet, Cape Cod. He married Elizabeth Crowell on
October 11, 1794. He was a mariner under the employ of William Gray, a Boston merchant
who came to own the largest private fleet in America. 14 Isaac and Elizabeth built their mansion
on this tract of land which still stands today as “Captain Isaac Smith House” (121 Bridge
Street). According to his tax records, by 1800, two-thirds of the house had been completed
with a value of $1,400.00 (around $34,000.00 today). Construction of the house continued
until Captain Smith’s abrupt death on October 9, 1802, while traveling through Jamaica. Upon
his death, his widow Elizabeth conducted an auction of the property to pay off his debts.
An article in The Salem Gazette mentions an auction to be held on February 16, 1804, “by
order of court.” In that article, the house is described as “very nearly finished, excepting the
upper [third story] chambers.” Elizabeth sold the house to Benjamin Bullock.
14 Marchione, William, “Horace Grey: Father of the Boston Public Garden,” Brighton Allston Historical Society, http://www.bahistory.org/HoraceGray.html
9
�Born in Salem, Benjamin Bullock was a successful merchant during his youth. Later in
life, he invested in farmland in Stockbridge which was his primary residence. He probably
rented 121 Bridge Street since a certain Captain Richardson is mentioned living there during
this time. 15
The Reverend William Bentley mentions Benjamin Bullock in his diary:
“News of the d. of Capt. B. Bullock. He had been successful at sea and determined to
invest a valuable part of his property in lands and so removed and purchased in Sturbridge in
1805. He did much by expense of his farm but not content with the life, he left his family in
the farm and went a voyage to the sea. In the present, he thought he could make money by
a visit to Canada and left his property being detected in smuggling in great amount against
the Nonintercourse law and the fatigues and the disappointment ended his life. He carried
a wife and three children from Salem. This second wife [Mary Haynes] was very young and
inexperienced and not adapted to farm but of good manners tho’ extremely deficient in the
education for her station. This adventure is not a solitary one in New England.” 16
The Nonintercourse law is a reference to the 1809 Non-Intercourse Act passed by
Congress in the prelude of the War of 1812. This embargo against Great Britain and France,
mostly affected the trade in the Northeast, being one of the catalysts of Salem’s decline
of fortunes, putting an end to its golden age. This economic hit ended the initial period of
expansion and development in Salem. It was probably one of the reasons why Captain Bullock
would try to smuggle goods into Canada (then a British colony), and why, in 1809, he and his
wife decided to sell the house to Benjamin Smith. 17
15 Browne, Benjamin, “Youthful Recollections of Salem,” The Essex Institute Historical Collections vol. 49 (Salem, Essex Institute,
1913), 303.
16 Bentley, William, The Diary of William Bentley, D.D., pastor of the East Church, Salem, Massachusetts, (Salem: The Essex Institute, 1905-14), vol 4, page 90.
17 ECRD, book 187, page 196, June 26, 1809.
10
�Benjamin Smith, a merchant from Andover, owned a lumberyard in the Salem wharves. 18
He died on September 24, 1818, in Andover, being declared insane. 19 In his will, he left the
house to his adopted daughter, Meriam Eldredge. In his will, he mentions along with the
house “the out buildings,” 20 this could be the first reference to the store that will occupy 8
Pleasant Street, though there isn’t any concrete evidence about the out buildings’ location. By
1826, Meriam, now a widow of Orrin B. Saxon, sold the house to Peter E. Webster, a merchant
(also identified as a grocer). The 1831 tax records of 91 Bridge Street (later renumbered
as 121 Bridge Street) mention both a house and a store.
Despite being within the property, that store, built sometime around 1815 had its
own address, 40 Pleasant Street. Upon the urbanization of the fields on the other side of
the street, this address would be renumbered several times: first as 45 Pleasant Street and
finally, in the late nineteenth century, with the renaming of lower Pleasant Street as
Washington Square East, the address would finally settle on 8 Pleasant Street.
Peter Eaton Webster was born in Salem, New Hampshire, in 1784. He moved to Salem,
Massachusetts at some point before 1814, when he married his first wife, Rebecca Chapman,
who passed away in 1820. 21 A merchant by trade, he was a well-respected member of the
community, belonging to both the Essex Lodge and the Salem Marine Society. 22 A look at
the Essex County Registry of Deeds reveals that he was quite prosperous, owning several
properties around Salem, though 121 Bridge Street seems to have been his primary residence.
The nearby Webster Street is named after him. Despite owning a store within the property,
his own “West India Goods Store” was located in the much busier downtown area, at 121
Essex Street, across from the Gardner-Pingree House, at the time occupied by Captain Joseph
White.
18 Brown, Benjamin, “Youthful recollections of Salem,” 303.
19 Town and City Clerks of Massachusetts. Massachusetts Vital and Town Records. Provo, UT: Holbrook Research Institute (Jay
and Delene Holbrook).
20 King, Joyce, 121 Bridge Street, (Salem: Historic Salem Inc. 1980), 4.
21 New England Historical Genealogical Society; Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts Vitals to 1850
22 Stella, Jeanne, Historic Streets of Salem, Massachusetts, (Charleston, SC, The History Press, 2020)
11
�West India Goods Stores were the predecessors of modern-day grocery stores. The first
West India Goods Stores in Salem appeared in the early 1800s. Sea captains would run those
properties selling products from the Caribbean (West Indies) like coffee, molasses, and sugar,
along with local produce. As time went on and Salem’s fortunes decreased, the West India
Goods Stores became a generic term for any retail store that sold imported products
from all over the world, along with local groceries. Osgood and Batchelder ’s Historical
Sketches of Salem (1879) mention how in August 1826, a Captain Smith returned to Salem
from Patagonia with “a cargo of 208,291 pounds of beef, consigned to Peter E. Webster.” 23
Since Peter ’s store was in Essex, it’s possible that the store on Pleasant could have been used
as storage or rented out to other retail businesses. Pleasant Street was developing into a
major thoroughfare, connecting Essex Street and the seaport with Bridge Street. Although
eventually transit would move to the much wider and better-looking Winter Street, during
this initial time, the heavy flow and proximity to Bridge Street would make this part of
Pleasant Street an excellent place for retail.
Peter was a witness in the trial for the murder of Captain Joseph White, a crime that
scandalized Salem and was the inspiration behind the works of Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar
Allan Poe. Captain White was murdered on the night of April 6, 1830 by Richard
Crowninshield, a man hired by Joe Knapp Jr. husband to White’s grand-niece, and his
brother Frank Knapp. The Knapp brothers hoped that Joe’s mother-in-law, Captain White’s
niece, would inherit part of his vast fortune. 24 Peter Webster testified that on the night of
the murder, he passed two individuals on his way home. Though he was unable to see their
faces, he recognized one of them as Frank Knapp, the implication being that the Knapp
brothers were waiting to meet with Crowninshield. 25
23 Osgood, Chas, and Batchelder, H. Historical Sketches of Salem, (Salem: Essex Institute, 1879), 135.
24 Wagner, E.J. “A Murder in Salem” Smithsonian Magazine (November 2010)
25 Bradley, Howard, Daniel Webster and the Salem Murder (Columbia: Artcraft Press, 1956), 56.
12
�Despite his apparent wealth, Peter ’s fortune seemed to have decreased in the 1830s,
coinciding with the decline of Salem’s port. Tax records show that he was admitting boarders
in his mansion throughout the decade, and on October 18, 1837, the Mercantile Bank
forcibly obtained the property by levy of execution. Peter remained living in the
house, however sharing it with other boarders. In 1884, he married Louisa Jameson. 26
Following his death in April 1850, Louisa remained living in the house until December,
when the bank decided to sell the property.
On December 4, 1850, an advertisement appeared in The Salem Gazette advertising
the property up for sale, describing it as “one of the most desirable situations in the city.”
The description of the property also included “a two-story store, on Pleasant Street, 18x54
feet.” 27 On December 13, the Mercantile Bank sold the property, split into two dwelling
houses, to George L. Hodgkins and Caroline Prescott Reed. 28 The following year, Caroline
and her husband, Samuel G. Reed, sold their half of the property to George. 29
The Grocery Store
George Lamson Hodgkins was born in Salem, in 1825. He married Sarah Stone in
1851. The couple would have two children, George W. and Caroline, of which only George
would reach adulthood. According to the city directories, in 1855 the building housed
a wine store, French Joseph & Co. but by 1857, George, who had experience as a
merchant, was running his grocery store from that building. There is an advertisement in
the Salem directory of 1866 for “George L. Hodgkins: West India Goods, Groceries” which
describes the goods sold in the store ranging from staples like flour, butter, cheese, and
molasses, to luxuries like teas, imported fruits, cigars, and glassware. He also offered
discounts to customers paying with cash, and free delivery anywhere in the city. 30
26 Dodd, Jordan, Liahona Research, comp. Massachusetts, Marriages, 1633-1850.
27 King, Joyce, 121 Bridge Street, 5.
28 ECRD, Book 438, page 124, December 13, 1850.
29 ECRD, Book 545, page 299, December 15, 1851.
30 Sampson, Davenport & Co., The Salem Directory, 1866, 33.
13
�Figure 5: Advertisement for George L. Hodgkins: West Inida Goods, and Groceries. Salem, 1866
14
�Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, the area around Bridge Street east
of Pleasant Street was still largely underdeveloped. Yet on the eve of the Civil War, the
increase in industrial activity brought an influx of workers into the city, which prompted
the need for new affordable houses and infrastructure to support the growing population.
While Washington Square remained an upper-class neighborhood, Bridge Street started to
develop a working-class character as Irish immigrants moved into the area. By 1860, Webster,
Arbella, and Warner Streets had been laid out and new working-class houses, train depots,
and warehouses were being raised in the area. This meant that 8 Pleasant Street occupied the
unique position of being in the intersection of two distinct worlds, not only regarding social
class but also the transition between the old Salem’s trading port and the new industrial
Salem. Evidence of that change in clientele is the evolution of George’s advertisements in the
city directory which gradually changed from focusing on luxury imports to common utensils
and family groceries. It’s during this period that the character of Pleasant Street is going to
firmly become middle class, with most neighbors being shop owners or white-collar workers.
George continued running the store throughout the following decades. By 1876, he
was employing a neighbor lad, George F. Warren, as a clerk in the store, 3 1 and by 1880, his
son, George W. was helping out there too. George seems to have retired by 1890 when the
now-widowed grocer let George Warren take over the store. There is an advertisement in
the 1890-91 Salem City Directory about “George F. Warren, dealer in family groceries.” By
that year 45 Pleasant Street had finally been renumbered to 8 Pleasant Street. 3 2 George
Hodgkins passed away in 1896. His obituary in The Salem News mentioned that he had been
ill and confined to his house for the past couple of years. George W. inherited Captain Smith’s
Mansion, though George Warren continued running the grocery.
George Franklin Warren was born in Salem, in 1852. He was the son of George H. Warren,
a carpenter, and his wife, Sarah. The family lived at what is now 11 Pleasant Street, just
31 Sampson, Davenport & Co., The Salem Directory, 1876, 194.
32 Sampson, Davenport & Co., The Salem Directory, 1890-91, 923.
15
�Figure 6: Advertisement for George F. Warren: Dealer in choice family groceries. Salem, 1890
16
�Figure 7: 5 Pleasant Street, former location of Carey's store, Warren's two-story store might have looked similar
to this building. Circa 2020, Assesors Office
across the street from Hodgkins’ store. In 1889, in Worcester, he married Florence Fay. The
couple had two children, Ethel and Melvin. In 1900, George seemed to have briefly retired,
handing the store to William F. Waters, yet the following year, George was back running the
store while William moved on to work in a department store. This time, George wouldn’t
be the sole owner of the store. According to the Salem City Directory, he made a business
partnership with Orrin Carey, a fellow grocer whose store was at 5 Pleasant Street. The men
merged their business into “Warren & Carey,” running the two stores at the same time. Carey
appears in subsequent directories as a fish dealer, suggesting that 5 Pleasant Street might
have specialized in the selling of fish and seafood while 8 Pleasant Street dealt with fruits
and vegetables.
This partnership lasted until 1911, when Orrin went back to his store at 5 Pleasant
Street, while the store at 8 Pleasant was taken over by another grocer, Clarence H. Vincent.
George remained working for Clarence until 1914 when the store once more changed hands
to another grocer, Charles H. Wigley. Vincent would go to work in Beverly while George would
17
�find work in another grocery store at 93 Bridge Street. The census of 1920 reveals that he
had to mortgage his house during this time, which seems to indicate that George fell into
economic hardship during the decade of the 1910s.
There isn’t much information available about Charles Henry Wigley. He first appeared
in the Salem City Directory of 1900 when he was working at a grocery store in Essex Street.
By 1906 he had his own provisions store at 93 Bridge Street (coincidentally where George
Warren would find work later). According to the US Census, by 1910 he was 55 years old,
single, and renting a room at 15a Essex Street. He took over the store at 8 Pleasant Street,
moving his business there from Bridge Street, but his new business didn’t last long, and by
1917, the building appeared vacant according to the directory.
In 1919, George W. Hodgkins died, leaving the property to his widow Ellen. After settling
her husband's affairs, Ellen proceeded to split the vast property into three lots: Lot A, being
today 121 ½ Bridge Street. Lot B, 121 Bridge Street proper which includes the mansion, and
Lot C, 8 Pleasant Street including most of the store. She sold the three lots in 1921 to Thomas
F. Cronan. Thomas, a mason and contractor, proceeded to demolish the old store and build
two new buildings on Lots A and C with the intent of renting the whole property to
various tenants.
The Cronan Estate and Tenants
Thomas F. Cronan was born in Salem, around the year 1860, the son of Thomas and
Honoree “Nora” Cronan. In January 1882, he married Sarah Griffin, with whom he had seven
children, Sarah, Rosella, Thomas, Veronica, Francis, Marie, and John. The family lived at
5 Lemon Street, just across Bridge Street. Sarah died of pleurisy in 1893, 33 after which
Thomas remained a widower for many years, eventually marrying Elizabeth Pierce, sometime
33 "Massachusetts State Vital Records, 1841-1925", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/
ark:/61903/1:1:N7B3-TQP : 13 December 2022), Sarah J. Giffin Cronan, 1893.
18
�Figure 8: Thomas Appleton's 1920 plan of the original Hodgkins' estate including the store (8 Pleasant Street).
19
�Figure 9: Thomas Appleton's 1921 plan of Thomas Cronan's divided lots and new dwellings.
20
�in the 1910s. He had a warehouse at 5 Webster Street, not far from Pleasant Street. The
censuses show a woman named Rose Griffin working for the family as a housekeeper. This
indicates that the large family was able to afford a middle-class lifestyle, in part thanks to
Thomas’ job as a contractor and his investment in real estate, purchasing, selling, and renting
several properties across Salem, according to the Essex County Registry of Deeds. The former
Hodgkins estate was one of his last purchases since Thomas passed away on March 4, 1923,
of myocarditis, after suffering from chest pains for more than a year. 34
In his will, Thomas left his estate to twelve people, including his children.
“I want the executors not to dispose of any of my property for ten years. If at the en d
of that time the executors wish to dispose of any of the property and can do so to a good
advantage it is my wish that they do so. I wish to state that all my property at the end of ten
years shall be divided into twelve twelfths, and if any of these that I mention should pass
away before the expiration of the ten years their share shall go to their children if they have
any and if not, it shall go to the remaining heirs.” 35
The house at 8 Pleasant Street is a two-appartment house of a vernacular style with
Greek Revival, Queen Anne's Revival, and Colonial Revival elements. During its time as
part of the Cronan estate, the property only had two occupants, George Boxwell and
Roger Sneden with their respective families.
George “Geo” Edwin Boxwell was born in Peabody, around 1877. His parents were Edwin
and Margaret Boxwell. According to Peabody ’s directories, by 1897, after finishing high
school, he was working as a bookkeeper for Munroe & Arnold’s. Munroe and Arnold’s
Express Company was founded in Peabody in the mid-nineteenth century and by the 1900s,
their main offices were in Salem, with branches operating in Peabody and Boston. In 1904 they merged
34 "Massachusetts State Vital Records, 1841-1925", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/
ark:/61903/1:1:6ZDF-J7ZQ : 16 November 2022), Thomas F Cronan, 1923.
35 Cronan v. Cronan, 286 Mass. 497, 190 N.E. 721 (Mass. 1934)
21
�Figure 10: Historic view of 8 Pleasant Street. (Massachusetts Historical Comission, 1977).
with David Merritt’s Express Company, and in 1905, they were incorporated as the MunroeArnold-Merritt Express Company. 3 6 George remained working for that company, eventually
being promoted to manager, until he died in 1949. In 1913, Geo married Anna Ropes. The
couple didn’t have any children. After marrying, they moved to Salem, living with Anna’s
sister, Harriet. The three moved to 8 Pleasant Street in 1922, occupying the first apartment.
Roger Perno Sneden was born in Salem, on April 23, 1886, to Jacob and Andrea Sneden.
As a teenager, he was a member of the Now and Then Association, a social club in Salem, and
attended a Boston banking school. After completing his studies, he became a clerk for the
Boston Bank, later joining the Merchants National Bank of Boston. In 1909, Roger was initiated
into the Essex Masonic Lodge. 3 7 In 1912, he married Mary Marchall; like the Boxwells, the
36 Peabody Institute Library Archives (blog), https://www.tumblr.com/peabodyinstitutearchives/156091562438/what-appears-tobe-a-canceled-check-from-unknown?source=share
37 Registration State: Massachusetts; Registration County: Essex
22
�Figure 11: Munroe & Arnold's South Danvers National Bank check.
couple wouldn’t have any children. Roger and Mary moved into 8 Pleasant Street along with
the Boxwells, occupying the second apartment. Roger remained working for the Merchant
National Bank, eventually being promoted to manager of the foreign department. He passed
away in his home on March 14, 1944. 38 Both couples lived at 8 Pleasant Street until the
property was sold in 1937.
As stipulated by Thomas’ will, his heirs weren’t allowed to sell his properties until ten
years after his death. It seems that by the time the ten years were over, a dispute arose between
the executors of his will regarding whether to sell the property. The key aspect of the will
was Thomas' desire for his heirs to sell the property at “good advantage” with some people
arguing that selling properties in the current time, in the middle of the Great Depression,
wouldn’t be advantageous. Furthermore, there were questions of whether Thomas intended
for his heir to sell the properties after the ten years, or keep them at will. The matter was
decided in a probate court which expressed the necessity of selling the property. 39 Hence,
Thomas’ children, Sarah, Thomas L., and Francis sold the property in 1937 to Stanislaw and
Adela Gesek, the first owners to live at 8 Pleasant Street.
38 The Boston Globe; Publication Date: 16 Mar 1944; Publication Place: Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
39 Cronan v. Cronan, 286 Mass. 497, 190 N.E. 721 (Mass. 1934)
23
�Gesek Family
Stanislaw “Stanley” Joseph Gesek was born in Poland (then part of the Russian Empire),
in 1893. At only seventeen years old, he followed the path of many Polish immigrants arriving
to New York City in 1907, on board the Philadelphia, before moving to Salem where his
older brothers, Wladislaw and John, were living. He seems to have briefly returned to Poland
before permanently immigrating to America in 1913, on board the Imperator. 4 0 Upon arriving
in Salem, he stayed with several other Polish immigrants at 4 Hardy Street, a two-story house
turned into a tenement building. He seems to have been active in the local Polish communtiy,
having become a member of the St. Joseph Society, a mutual assistance organization for
Polish immigrants. In 1917, the United States declared war on Germany, entering World War I.
Stanley had to register for the draft. In his registration, he appears employed as a case
washer for the United Shoe Machinery Corporation in Beverly, one of America’s largest shoe
machinery manufacturers. According to the 1920 census, Stanley was boarding at 165 Derby
Street. The following year, according to the city directories, he was now boarding with his
brother, John at 11 Bentley Street. In 1926 he married Adela Rybicki.
Adela was born in Salem, in 1904, daughter of Franciszek “Frank” Rybicki and Victoria
Polys, Polish immigrants. The next year her brother Ludwick (Louis) was born. In 1912 the
family moved back to southern Poland, then a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, residing
in the small town of Ustrobna, where Frank became a farmer. Adela lived through some
tumultuous times in Poland, Ustrobna was close to the eastern front during World War I, and
following the war, the Rybickis witnessed the collapse of the Russian, German, and AustroHungarian Empires and the birth of an independent Poland. She wouldn’t remain in Poland
for long though. In 1922, a couple of months after turning eighteen, she approached the
40 The National Archives in Washington, DC; Washington, DC, USA; Passenger and Crew Lists of Vessels Arriving at New York,
New York, 1897-1957; Microfilm Serial or NAID: T715; RG Title: Records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 17872004; RG: 85
24
�American consulate in Warsaw and requested an emergency passport to return to America. 41
The following month Ludwick (then seventeen) also requested a passport. As soon as his
passport was granted, the siblings traveled to Copenhagen, boarded the Oscar II, and arrived
in New York City a month later, from where they made their way to Salem. Adela rented a
room at 18 Carlton Street 42 while Ludwick boarded at 82 Derby Street. 43
Salem’s maritime golden age ended in the 1830s when the shipping industry began to
decline. Looking to revitalize the city’s fortunes, Salem turned to the growing industry in New
England, becoming a major industrial center of leather and textiles. Derby Street transformed
from a bustling commercial port into a major industrial area within the city. The need for
more workers to fill this booming industry turned Salem into an attractive destination for
immigrants, first Irish and later in the nineteenth century, French-Canadians and Eastern
Europeans, especially from Poland.
Figures 12 and 13: Adela and Ludwick Rybicki's passport photos
41 National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington D.C.; NARA Series: Emergency Passport Applications,
Argentina thru Venezuela, 1906-1925; Volume #: Volume 005: Warsaw, Poland
42 The National Archives in Washington, DC; Washington, DC, USA; Passenger and Crew Lists of Vessels Arriving at New York,
New York, 1897-1957; Microfilm Serial or NAID: T715; RG Title: Records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 17872004; RG: 85
43 National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington D.C.; NARA Series: Emergency Passport Applications,
Argentina thru Venezuela, 1906-1925; Volume #: Volume 006: Poland
25
�Though there had been some Poles in America like the revolutionary hero Thadeus
Kosciusko, it was only in the nineteenth century, following several failed uprisings for Poland’s
independence, that Polish communities began to appear in the main American cities. The
increasingly repressive policies in Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia towards the Polish
population made emigrating to America an attractive prospect for many young Poles. By the
1890s, many young Poles were coming to Salem, looking to work in the factories. Like many
other immigrants, the Polish community quickly built formal and informal support networks.
New immigrants like Stanley would initially stay with a fellow Polish family, relatives if
possible while getting on their feet. At the same time, formal Polish and allied organizations
developed around the neighborhood starting with the aforementioned St. Joseph Society
in 1897, followed by other organizations like the St. John the Baptist Catholic Church and
school, Caroline Emmerton’s House of the Seven Gables Settlement Association, and
the Polish-American Moose Club. 44
The arrival of Eastern Europeans, mainly Poles but also Russians and Ukranians made
the neighborhood southeast of the Common, between Derby and Essex Streets, into the
center of Salem’s Polish-American community. Though it was connected to Beverly, Peabody,
and the rest of Salem through the streetcars, the central and tightly packed location of the
neighborhood propitiated the development of Polish businesses and other insistutions,
creating a self-contained community. 45
Like Stanley, Adela also seems to have been part of this community. After marrying,
they moved in with Ludwick, renting some rooms at 82 Derby Street, where their two
children were born, Stanley Francis Jr. in 1929, and Albin A. in 1931. By this time, Stanley
was now cleaning machines for Helburn Thompson Co. at their “Sunshine Tannery” on
Goodhue Street, while Ludwick was working as a shoemaker for the Salem Shoe Co.
44 Stanton, Cathy and Becker, Jane, In the Heart of Polish Salem: An Ethnohistorical Study of St. Joseph Hall and Its Neighborhood
(Boston: National Park Service, 2009), 43-45
45 Ibid, 103-104
26
�Figure 14: Polish-American Store at 126 Derby Street, 1951, Wicked Local
The 1930s marked the beginning of the disappearance of the Polish neighborhood in
Salem. The Great Depression generated a wave of loss of jobs, not only due to factory closures
but also due to repeated worker strikes in response to the factories’ cost-saving measures.
The biggest blow to the neighborhood was the creation of the Salem Maritime National
Historic Site in 1938. For many preservationists and the wealthy elite of Salem, this vibrant
neighborhood was nothing more than a slum. The designation as a historic site allowed the
city to take advantage of eminent domain and evict several Polish tenants from their homes,
demolishing several institutions in the neighborhood. 46 Perhaps it ’s no coincidence that the
Geseks decided to permanently move out of the Derby Street neighborhood in 1937. They
seemed to have saved enough money to move north of the Common, closer to Bridge Street,
and purchase 8 Pleasant Street from the heirs of Thomas Cronan.
46 Ibid, 133-138
27
�Figure 15: Helbrun Thompson Co. "Sunshine Tannery" at 18 Goodhue Street, Salem.
The Geseks and Ludwick both moved to Pleasant Street. Since it was a two-family
home, they rented the second apartment to John Harold Smith and his wife Jane. Harold
was born in Salem in 1907 to John Smith and Mary Mahoney. He was a longshoreman and
truck driver, working for J.W. Picking Coal. He married Jane in the 1930s and the couple
moved into 8 Pleasant Street. At some point in the 1940s, with the US's entry into World
War II, Harold was drafted into the US Navy where he attained the rank of Motor
Machinist’s Mate 2nd Class. 47 According to poll records, in 1951 both Adela and Jane
entered the workforce. Adela briefly worked for a cloth mill until 1954, while Jane worked
for the Parker Brothers Game Factory as a clerk.
47 National Archives at St. Louis; St. Louis, MO, USA; Applications for Headstones and Markers, 7/1/1970-9/30/1985; NAID:
6016127; Record Group Number: 15; Record Group Title: Records of the Department of Veterans Affairs, 1773-2007
28
�Though not uncommon for women to go into the workforce during the 40s and 50s,
the fact that both Adela and Jane were in their forties would indicate that both families'
finances became strained. This period coincided with a general economic stagnation
across Salem and other New England cities as the old large-scale cloth mills began going
out of business. Salem’s fortunes wouldn’t be reversed until it embraced tourism in the
1970s. Middle-class families like the Geseks and Smiths found themselves struggling
with their income, which would explain why both women needed to find employment. For
the Geseks, finances would be especially strained since Albin was still in college and
Ludwick lost his job in 1947 and would remain unemployed for more than ten years until
finally finding another job at a shoe factory in 1958.
Figure 16: Parker Brothers Game Factory, Salem, 1975. The Salem News Historic Photograph Collection, Salem
State University Archives and Special Collections, Salem, Massachusetts
29
�Stanley, Jr. graduated high school in 1945 and attended Northeastern University, where
he was elected class treasurer and was a member of the Northeastern University Civil
Engineering Society. 4 8 After college, Stanley Jr. joined the US. Army, fighting in the Korean
War. Upon his return to Salem, he would follow in his father ’s footsteps and become a
leather worker for a factory. In 1955 he married Mary E. Barry, a nurse from Revere. The
couple initially lived at 8 Pleasant Street. The Smiths moved out that same year so it's
possible that Stanley Jr. and Mary were living in the second apartment. Eventually, they
were able to save enough money to afford their own place in Revere, moving there in 1958.
Stanley, Jr. would eventually work for the city of Boston as a civil engineer. He and Mary had
three children together, Christine, John, and Robert. 4 9
Figure 17: Stanley Francis Gesek's yearbook picture, Salem High School Yearbook, 1945
Figure 18: Stanley Francis Gesek's yearbook picture, Norhteastern University, 1950.
48 "U.S., School Yearbooks, 1880-2012"; School Name: Northeastern University; Year: 1950
49 Stanley Gesek Obituary,” The Salem News, October 15, 2010
30
�Albin was heavily involved in several extracurriculars in high school, being part of the
student council and the National Honor Society. 5 0 Upon graduating in 1947, he was accepted
at MIT. 5 1 After college, he followed his brother ’s footsteps and joined the army, fighting in the
Korean War. The city voter rolls show that after the war, he remained living with his parents
at 8 Pleasant Street, and working for the city of Salem as an electrical engineer at Fort Lee.
Once the second apartment became vacant again, the Geseks rented it out to an elderly
couple, William and Mary McNamee. William John McNamee was born in Peabody in 1889. In
1910, he married Mary Donahue. 5 2 The couple had five children. According to the city voter
rolls, by 1958, when they moved to 8 Pleasant Street, William, then 68 years old, was working
for the city’s water department.
Figure 19: Albin Gesek's yearbook picture, Salem High School, 1947.
Figure 20: Albin A. Gesek's yearbook picture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1951
50 "U.S., School Yearbooks, 1880-2012"; School Name: Salem High School; Year: 1947
51 "U.S., School Yearbooks, 1880-2012"; School Name: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Year: 1951
52 New England Historic Genealogical Society; Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts Vital Records, 1911–1915
31
�The Gesek family experienced two successive losses at the beginning of the 1960s.
Stanley died in 1960, shortly after his retirement. Less than a year later, Ludwick also passed
away. Around that same time, William McNamee also passed away, leaving Adela, Albin, and
Mary, as the sole residents of 8 Pleasant Street. Mary moved away in 1970, to New Haven,
Connecticut, where she died in 1974. 5 3
After the McNamees, a new couple moved into the second apartment in 1970, Robert
and Audrey Sandborn. Robert Joseph Sandborn was born in Manchester, New Hampshire
in 1916. He joined the US Army and fought during World War II. After the war, he married
Audrey Nellie Wrest, from Beverly. The couple only had one daughter, Wendy. The family
previously lived at 12 Pleasant Street, so it’s possible they were already acquainted with the
Geseks. Robert was a salesman. The voter rolls identify Audrey as a housewife in 1970, but in
1974 she took a job as an accountant clerk.
1974 is also the year in which Albin moved out. In 1977, in New Jersey, he married Carol
Myers from Ohio, and the couple eventually moved to West Virginia. Adela remained living
alone at 8 Pleasant Street as the Sandborns' landlady. Robert retired in 1982 and passed away
in 1983. 5 4 Adlea found herself living with another widow again. Audrey moved out in 1986 and
eventually died in 1994.
After the Sandborns, Stanley Jr.’s daughter, Christine, and her husband, Massimo
Michelini, moved into the second apartment. During this time, Adela moved to
AtlantiCare Nursing Home (now Lighthouse Nursing Care Center) in Revere, perhaps to be
closer to her son, leaving her granddaughter in charge of 8 Pleasant Street. Adela passed
away on April 27, 1994, at 89 years old. Stanley Jr. and Albin, heirs of Adela’s estate, formally
sold the property to Massimo and Christine, making them sole owners of 8 Pleasant Street.
53 Connecticut Department of Health. Connecticut Death Index, 1949-2012 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com
Operations, Inc., 2003. Original data: Connecticut Department of Health. Connecticut Death Index, 1949-2001. Hartford, CT,
USA: Connecticut Department of Health.
54 Ancestry.com. U.S., Find a Grave® Index, 1600s-Current [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.,
2012.
32
�CHAIN OF DEEDS
33
�Chain of Title, 8 Pleasant Street*, Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts
Date
Conveyed
by
Conveyed to
Property
Amount
Doc
Book
Page
22 Jun
1920
Ellen M.
Hodgkins.
Executrix
of the last
will of
George W.
Hodgkins
Thomas F.
Cronan
“A certain
parcel of land
with the
buildings
thereon
situated on
Bridge Street
(…) being lot
A.” and “A
certain parcel
of land with
the buildings
thereon
situated on
Pleasant
Street (…)
being lot C.”
$1,430.75
Deed
2455
482
01 May
1937
Sarah A.
Thomas L.
and
Francis P.
Cronan.
Trustees
under the
will of
Thomas F.
Cronan
Stanislaw
and Adela
Gesek
“A lot of land
$5,400.00
with the
buildings
thereon
situated in
said Salem and
being lot
marked C.”
Deed
3106
433
03 Oct
1994
Albin A.
Gesek
a/k/a
Akbin
Gesek, and
Stanley F.
Gesek
a/k/a/
Stanislaw
Gesek.
Executors
of the
estate of
Adela
Gesek
Massimo
and
Christine G.
Michelini
“A lot of land
with the
buildings
thereon
situated in
said Salem”
$100,000.00
Deed
12771 488
01 Jul
1998
Massimo
and
Christine G.
Michelini
“A lot of land
with the
$1.00
Deed
14923 476
34
�Adela
Gesek
01 Jul
1998
Massimo
and
Christine
G.
Michelini
Christine G.
Michelini
“A lot of land
with the
buildings
thereon
situated in
said Salem”
$1.00
Deed
14923 476
6 Aug
2021
Christine
G.
Michelini
Ryan
Guilmartin
“A lot of land
with the
buildings
thereon
situated in
said Salem”
$690,000.00
Deed
39959 048
17 Oct
2023
Ryan
Guilmartin
Joseph
Piemonte
“The land with $810,000.00
the buildings
thereon”
Deed
41810 515
Note: All deeds prior to June 1920 correspond to 121 Bridge Street, which encompassed 8 Pleasant Street.
35
�SOURCES
36
�Inventory No:
SAL.3159
Historic Name:
Common Name:
Warren and Carey Grocery Store
Address:
8 Pleasant St
City/Town:
Salem
Village/Neighborhood:
Salem Common;
Local No:
36-443;
Year Constructed:
C 1820
Architectural Style(s):
Federal; Queen Anne;
Use(s):
Market or Grocery Store; Multiple Family Dwelling House;
Significance:
Architecture; Commerce;
Area(s):
SAL.FB, SAL.IU
Designation(s):
Nat'l Register District (06/27/2002);
Building Materials:
Wall: Wood; Wood Clapboard;
Demolished
No
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This file was accessed on: Tuesday, January 23, 2024 at 4:52 PM
37
�MACRIS file for 8 Pleasant Street. Note that it incorrectly identifies it as the former Grocery Store, demolished
in 1920
38
�Corner of Pleasant and Bridge Streets. Map of Salem 1851.
39
�"G.L. Hodgkins" House and store, 45 Pleasant Street. Salem Atlas 1874, Plate D.
40
�"S" Store at 8 Pleasant Street. Salem Atlas 1880-1903, Plate 14.
41
�"Mrs. G.L. Hodgkins Heirs" House and store, 8 Pleasant Street. Salem Atlas 1897, Plate 1.
42
�"Heirs Sarah E. Hodgkins" House and store, 8 Pleasant Street. Salem Atlas 1911, Plate 7.
43
�8 Pleasant Street. Salem Atlas 1921-1838, Plate 7.
44
�Advertisement for George L. Hodgkins:Dealers in Tea and Spices and First Class Family Groceries". Salem, 1869
45
�Advertisement for George L. Hodgkins:Dealer in Choice Family Groceries". Salem, 1874
46
�Certificate of Death of Thomas F. Cronan
47
�List of Alien Passengers on board the Imperator: 25. Stanislaw Gesek
48
�Stanislaws Gesek's WWI Draft Card.
49
�Ludwick (Louis) Rybicki's passport application
50
�Adela Rybicki's passport application
51
�List of United States Citizens on board the Oscar II: 9. Adela Rybicki, 10. Louis Rybicki
52
�Johm Harold Smith's Veteran Burial Application
53
�Stanislaws Gesek's WWII Draft Card.
Stanley Gesek's WWII Draft Card.
54
�Death Certificate of Adela Gesek
55
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Pleasant Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
8 Pleasant Street, Salem, MA, 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House History
Description
An account of the resource
Built by
Thomas Cronan,
Mason,
his wife,
Elizabeth Pierce,
in 1921
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem Inc.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built in 1921
House history completed in 2024
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Carlos Cueva Caro
Language
A language of the resource
English
1921
2024
8 Pleasant Street
Cronan
mason
Massachusetts
Salem
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/28828/archive/files/97ea75240bce419f4641432e2c552f42.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=avwQ0hzv0sPZ0RBLWyf%7EWOQeTBaWLsr-RaSDpqywhL7tkIeDN1Xf1y61WeBNt8vJjwvEUqcM6GlNmH0kgXyV2LYyxIyXDVkFvdyhgwdE8XbaEFz5GSKkUoHq6asnf05Q0CAxWK0AuFgE3omUe1gIZ8eUT6GtZSXFmVqhW2LQEFTgTtSdgDlwtaHtZ3WdPpYcV2M1Nmkr5WYT2oTGejGl5HvzFVYOi9O8BJUzNTKXZsKVstI81paUABrokG3rqHhxUIt8drYyaoMpAAbbBpNONwH1O3ZIg5QvHXSBlQ9oZ-YYJ00EDnHZHMYXcF5oUclznugWeASKTpvdL%7EqZTrT8Xg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
8b3b18814ee6ab5888c67ef182267ea9
PDF Text
Text
12 Winter Street
Built for
Thomas Hovey
Mason
c. 1785
Researched and Written by
Alyssa G. A. Conary
March 2022
Historic Salem, Inc.
9 North Street, Salem, MA 01970
978.745.0799 | HistoricSalem.org
© 2022
�1
12 Winter Street, 2022. Photo: Ryan Conary.
The house at 12 Winter Street is located in the nationally registered Salem Common
Historic District. According to available evidence, it was built in the 1780s for a Salem mason
named Thomas Hovey. The structure’s front-end, five-by-one-bay portion with stone foundation
was most likely built first, with the rear two-story sloping-roof ell with brick foundation added
sometime later. The building’s rectangular shape, hipped roof, molded corner boards, and
foreshortened third-story windows are indicative of its Federal-era origins. Around 1870,
Italianate decorative features, including a hooded double-door entrance, two-over-two windows,
a second-story bay window, a bracketed cornice, and bracketed window lintels, were added to
the exterior in an effort to modernize the home.1
1
“Salem Common Historic District,” National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form (Washington, DC: U.S.
Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1972); Massachusetts Cultural Resource Information System
(MACRIS), SAL.2325 (Boston, MA: Massachusetts Historical Commission, 1998); The Salem Handbook: A
Renovation Guide for Homeowners (Salem: Historic Salem, Inc., 1977), 14-15, 20-21.
�2
Map of Salem About 1780. James Duncan Phillips and Henry Noyes Otis, 1937.
Benjamin Cheever of Salem, cordwainer, sold the land to Thomas Hovey for thirty
pounds on March 21, 1781. The lot was originally about twice the size it is today, extending all
the way to what is now Oliver Street. The deed does not mention any buildings, and identifies
modern-day Winter Street as “the road leading to Beverly ferry.” According to historian Sidney
Perley, Winter Street is “an ancient road.” It was not known by its current name until 1794, when
the town named a slate of streets and “placed Boards with the names at their respective Corners.”
2
2
Essex County Registry of Deeds (ECRD) Book 146, Page 195; Sidney Perley, “Part of Salem in 1700. No. 15,”
The Essex Antiquarian 8, no. 1 (January 1904): 66; The Diary of William Bentley, D. D. Vol. 2 (Salem: Essex
Institute, 1907), 108-109.
�3
United States Census, 1790. Image: FamilySearch.org.
Although evidence of the exact date of construction for the house at 12 Winter Street has
not been uncovered, there are clues pointing to the period of time between 1781, when Thomas
Hovey purchased the land, and 1790. In an entry from 1816, Salem diarist Reverend William
Bentley described a conversation with Edmund Needham and Benjamin Cheever Sr. in which the
two men recounted that Cheever’s son sold lots of land off of Salem Common “to Hovey &
Brown who built upon them.” The Hovey family then appears in the nation’s first census in 1790
and, although the document does not specify where in Salem each household was located,
Thomas Hovey’s name is listed amongst men who are known to have owned lots adjacent to
what is now 12 Winter Street: Benjamin Cheever, Thomas Brown, and Daniel Needham. 3
Thomas Hovey was born in Salem on June 14, 1748. In 1773, he married Susanna
Phippen, born in Salem on December 19, 1751. The marriage was performed by Reverend
Thomas Barnard of Salem’s North Church. The couple had eight children: Susannah, born
November 26, 1774; Thomas Jr., born February 14, 1776; John, born in 1778; Elizabeth, born
3
The Diary of William Bentley, D. D. Vol. 4 (Salem: Essex Institute, 1914), 381; United States Census, 1790.
�4
April 14, 1781; Hannah, born in 1783; Rebeckah, born in 1786; Samuel, born in 1789; and
Benjamin, born in 1792.4
On May 25, 1775, about a month after the first shots were fired at Lexington & Concord,
Thomas Hovey enlisted to fight in the American Revolutionary War. He served under the rank of
private with Captain Nathan Brown’s company, in Colonel John Mansfield’s 19th regiment. His
name appears on a muster roll dated August 1, 1775, a company return dated October 5, 1775,
and an order for a bounty coat dated October 27, 1775.5
(Top) Death Notice of Thomas Hovey Sr. Image: Salem Gazette, July 4, 1809, GenealogyBank.com.
(Bottom) Probate Inventory of Thomas Hovey Sr., 1809. Image: AmericanAncestors.org.
4
Vital Records of Salem (VRS) Vol. I (Salem: Essex Institute, 1916), 452-453; Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and
Town Records, 1626-2001, database with images, familysearch.org; Vital Records of Salem (VRS) Vol. II (Salem:
Essex Institute, 1918), 169.
5
Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War (Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1901), 324.
�5
Susanna Phippen Hovey passed away in the summer of 1804 at the age of fifty-three, and
was buried on June 22nd of that year. Thomas Hovey’s death followed in the summer of 1809.
He was sixty-one-years-old. The Salem Gazette reported that Thomas passed away “suddenly”
and, as such, died intestate. Thomas Hovey Jr. was appointed the administrator of his father’s
estate, and the family homestead on Winter Street was divided between him and his sisters Susan
(Susannah), Elizabeth, and Hannah. On August 10, 1812, Thomas, Susan, and Elizabeth sold the
southern half of the house and land to Hannah. On the same day, Hannah sold the northern half
of the house and land to Thomas, Susan, and Elizabeth. Seventeen years later, Hannah and her
husband Jacob Town sold the southern half of the property back to Thomas. 6
As of 1830, Thomas Hovey Jr., employed as a bricklayer, owned the entirety of the
southern half of 12 Winter Street as well as one-third share in the northern half, while his sisters
Susan and Elizabeth each owned one-third share in the northern half. They were likely all living
there together. There is no evidence that Thomas, aged fifty-four, or Susan, aged fifty-six, had
ever married. Elizabeth, aged forty-nine, was a widow. She had married Thomas Lefavor in
Salem in 1802, and had five children: Thomas Hovey Lefavor, born February 8, 1808; Francis
Hovey Lefavor, born in 1813; Richard Merrit Lefavor, born in 1815; Elizabeth Jane Lefavor,
baptized August 6, 1820; and Samuel Hovey Lefavor, born in 1823. Thomas Lefavor Sr. died of
consumption in Salem on October 28, 1823 at the age of forty-seven.7
6
Vital Records of Salem (VRS) Vol. V (Salem: Essex Institute, 1925), 344; Salem Gazette, July 4, 1809; Essex
County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1638-1881, online database, americanancestors.org, 2014, no. 13997; ECRD
Book 197, Page 265; ECRD Book 229, Page 221; ECRD Book 255, Page 74.
7
ECRD Book 255, Page 74; United States Census, 1830; Vital Records of Salem (VRS) Vol. III (Salem: Essex
Institute, 1924), 521; VRS Vol. I, 519-520; VRS Vol. V, 401.
�6
(Left) 12 Winter Street labeled as the property of H. B. Smith. Map of the City of Salem, Mass, 1851.
Image: Norman B. Leventhal Map Center. (Right) Advertisement for Henry B. Smith’s lumber business.
Salem Directory, 1850.
By 1846, a lumber dealer named Henry B. Smith lived at 12 Winter Street along with the
Hoveys and Lefavors. Henry had married Elizabeth Jane Lefavor (daughter of Elizabeth Hovey
Lefavor) in Salem on August 29, 1839. The 1850 United States Census lists the inhabitants of the
house in detail in two separate family groups. In one group, there was Henry, aged thirty-three;
his wife Elizabeth Jane, aged twenty-nine; their daughters Mary, aged nine, and Harriet, aged
four; their sons George, aged seven, and Henry, aged one; and a twenty-one-year-old woman
from Nova Scotia named Agnes Kehil who was most likely employed as a domestic worker. The
second group included seventy-four-year-old Thomas Hovey; seventy-five-year-old Susanna
(Susan) Hovey; seventy-year-old Elizabeth Hovey Lefavor; Elizabeth’s thirty-seven-year-old son
Francis H. Lefavor; Elizabeth’s twenty-seven-year-old son Samuel H. Lefavor; and
twenty-one-year-old Lucy S. Lefavor, who was perhaps Samuel’s wife.8
8
Salem Directory, 1846; VRS Vol. III, 602; Salem Directory, 1850; United States Census, 1850.
�7
Elizabeth Hovey Lefavor died of heart disease in Salem on June 9, 1852 at the age of
seventy-one. Her brother Thomas Hovey died in Salem on December 28, 1858. He was
eighty-three years old and his cause of death was given simply as “age.” Although it doesn’t
appear that Thomas passed away suddenly, he died intestate like his father. Jonathan F. Worcester
of Salem was appointed his administrator. On July 26, 1859, Worcester sold Thomas’s share of
12 Winter Street, the southern half and one-third of the northern half, to James Kimball of Salem.
9
On the same day, Susan Hovey’s legal guardian, her nephew Thomas H. Lefavor, who had been
appointed presumably because his aunt was labeled “an insane person,” sold her one-third share
in the northern half of the estate to James Kimball.10 The heirs of Elizabeth Hovey Lefavor,
including Elizabeth Jane Lefavor Smith and her husband Henry, sold their one-third share in the
northern half of the estate to James Kimball as well. Kimball then sold the entirety of the
Hovey-Lefavor estate at 12 Winter Street to Thomas H. Lefavor for $2,500.00. 11
Thomas Hovey Lefavor, son of Thomas Lefavor and Elizabeth Hovey Lefavor, was born
in Salem on February 8, 1808. He married Mary Brown in 1832 and had eight children between
1834 and 1845, three of whom died before the age of one. Mary appears to have passed away
from complications related to her final birth, that of twins Samuel and Sarah on August 9, 1845.
According to Salem vital records, she died of “palsy” two days later at the age of thirty-eight.
9
Massachusetts Deaths, 1841-1915, 1921-1924, database with images, familysearch.org; Massachusetts Vital
Records, 1841-1910, online database, americanancestors.org; Essex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1638-1881,
online database, americanancestors.org, 2014, no. 42830; ECRD Book 591, Page 290.
10
ECRD Book 591, Page 292; The suggested deficiency of Susan’s mental capacity may explain in part why her
brother Thomas never married or had a family of his own, as it appears he most likely acted as her caretaker until his
death. Susan passed away on February 21, 1861 at the age of eighty-six (Massachusetts Deaths, 1841-1915,
1921-1924, database with images, familysearch.org).
11
ECRD Book 591, Page 291; ECRD Book 591, Page 294; ECRD Book 591, Page 295.
�8
Sadly, Sarah’s death followed on August 26, 1845. Thomas was remarried in 1847 to a woman
named Caroline Wallis, with whom he had one son.12
Thomas was fifty-one-years-old when he purchased the entirety of his grandfather
Thomas Hovey Sr.’s estate in 1859. His uncle Thomas Hovey Jr.’s probate documents list his
occupation as “merchant.” Thomas and his family were living in the house at 12 Winter Street by
1864, but did not remain for long. On May 8, 1868, Thomas sold 12 Winter Street to Stephen N.
Monroe and Levi Wiggin, both of Salem, for $3,300.00, ending nearly a century of
Hovey-Lefavor family ownership of the home.13
Advertisement for Wiggin & Munroe provisions. Salem Directory, 1869.
12
VRS Vol. I, 520; VRS Vol. III, 602; Massachusetts Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001, database with
images, familysearch.org; VRS Vol. V, 400; Massachusetts Deaths, 1841-1915, 1921-1924, database with images,
familysearch.org.
13
VRS Vol. I, 520; ECRD Book 591, Page 295; Essex County, MA: Probate File Papers, 1638-1881, online
database, americanancestors.org, 2014, no. 42830; Salem Directory, 1864; ECRD Book 745, Page 107.
�9
Stephen N. Monroe, born in Massachusetts about 1833, and Levi Wiggin, born in New
Hampshire about 1818, were in the provisions business together when they purchased 12 Winter
Street. Their company Wiggin & Monroe had a storefront at 111 Essex Street. By 1869, both
families were living at 12 Winter Street, and the 1870 United States Census lists the residents of
the home as follows: in one household, Stephen Munroe and his wife Mary Ann Babcock
Munroe, married in Salem in 1864, both in their thirties; and in the second household, Levi
Wiggin and his wife Caroline F. Wiggin, both in their fifties, along with their twenty-year-old
daughter Anna, and sixteen-year-old son John. It was most likely around this time that the
Italianate ornamentation was added to the exterior of the house.14
12 Winter Street labeled as the property of S. N. Monroe, although it was put entirely in Mary Ann
Munroe’s name in 1874. Atlas of Salem, 1874. Illustration: Essex County Registry of Deeds.
14
Gravestone of Stephen N. Munroe, Harmony Grove Cemetery, Salem, Massachusetts; United States Census, 1870;
Salem Directory, 1866; Salem Directory, 1869; Massachusetts Marriages, 1841-1915, database with images,
familysearch.org; MACRIS, SAL.2325.
�10
On October 10, 1872, Stephen transferred his one-half share in 12 Winter Street to his
wife Mary Ann, and Levi transferred his one-half share to his wife Caroline, both through an
intermediary named Robert M. Copeland. About a year and a half later, the Wiggins sold their
share in the property to Mary Ann Munroe, putting it entirely in her name. It appears that the
business relationship between Stephen and Levi may have broken down around this time. The
1874 Salem Directory lists the provisions business at 111 Essex Street as Stephen N. Munroe &
Co., not Wiggin & Munroe. By 1876, the Wiggins had moved back to their former home on
Howard Street.15
WINTER STREET
15
ECRD Book 865, Page 140; ECRD Book 865, Page 141; ECRD Book 865, Page 142; ECRD Book 903, Page 75;
Salem Directory, 1874; Salem Directory, 1876; Salem Directory, 1866.
�11
(Top) Atlas of Salem, 1897. Illustration: Essex County Registry of Deeds. (Middle) Atlas of Salem, 1911.
Illustration: Essex County Registry of Deeds. (Bottom) Gravestone of Stephen N. Munroe and Mary Ann
Babcock Munroe. Harmony Grove Cemetery, Salem, Massachusetts. Photo: FindAGrave.com.
�12
Stephen & Mary Ann Munroe resided at 12 Winter Street for another thirty-seven years,
usually with at least one boarder. Sometime between 1874 and 1897, the Munroes built another
house at 18 Oliver Street on the opposite end of the property, which they rented out to tenants.
The couple’s long ownership of the lot came to an end just after Stephen’s death, which occurred
at home on July 29, 1913. He was eighty-years-old and the cause was given as chronic
myocarditis. Stephen was buried in Salem’s Harmony Grove cemetery two days later. On
December 2, 1913, Mary Ann sold 12 Winter Street and 18 Oliver Street to Mary E. Hines of
Lynn.16
Mary E. Hines was 12 Winter Street’s first absentee landlord, never residing in the home
herself. For most of her nearly twenty-five-year ownership, the house was occupied by the
Anthony-Conrad family. Mrs. Alice J. Anthony appears as a resident of 12 Winter Street in the
1917 Salem Directory. By 1920, Alice, fifty-three-years-old, was living there with her daughter
Amelia Grace Anthony Conrad, thirty-four-years-old, and Amelia’s husband Oliver Wendell
Conrad, twenty-eight-years-old. Oliver was employed as a laborer in the tanning industry. Both
he and his wife had served in the United States Navy during World War I, she as a reserve nurse.
Oliver and Amelia had two children: Elizabeth Anthony Conrad, born on March 27, 1920, and
William Henry Conrad, born on January 6, 1924, both in Salem.17
On January 6, 1933, Mary E. Hines mortgaged the 12 Winter Street half of the property
to Salem Five Cents Savings Bank. The exact reason why is unknown, but judging by the date,
16
All available Salem Directories from 1876 to 1911; Atlas of Salem, 1874; Atlas of Salem, 1897; MACRIS,
SAL.2330 (Boston, MA: Massachusetts Historical Commission, 1997); Massachusetts Deaths, 1841-1915,
1921-1924, database with images, familysearch.org; ECRD Book 2239, Page 390.
17
All available Salem Directories from 1914 to 1937; United States Census, 1920; United States Veterans
Administration Master Index, 1917-1940, database, familysearch.org; Massachusetts State Vital Records,
1841-1920, database with images, familysearch.org; Massachusetts Births, 1636-1924, database, familysearch.org.
�13
it’s possible that financial trouble related to the Great Depression played a role. When Mary
defaulted on her mortgage in 1938, the bank retained ownership of the home. On March 31,
1941, Salem Five sold 12 Winter Street to Richard C. and Ethel M. Mackintire of Salem. Now
separated from 18 Oliver Street, this was the first time the lot was sold in its current dimensions.
18
Advertisement for C. F. Tompkins Co. furniture. Salem Directory, 1946.
The Mackintires also purchased 12 Winter Street solely as an income property, residing at
6 Cheval Avenue in Juniper Point throughout their ownership of the house. Richard was
employed as a credit manager and subsequently a bookkeeper at C. F. Tompkins Co. furniture
store on Washington Street. Just before and during Richard and Ethel’s ownership of the
property, 12 Winter Street was occupied by William Cass, a leather worker, his wife Catherine,
and their children. By 1946, a tenant named Beverly Crowson was also living there, but the
Salem Directory specifies that she resided in a separate unit within the house numbered 12 ½
Winter Street.19
Richard and Ethel Mackintire sold the property to Mary J. Donovan of Salem on June 1,
1946. Mary owned 12 Winter Street for nearly fifty years until her death in the 1990s, when the
18
19
ECRD Book 2941, Page 153; ECRD Book 3155, Page 185; ECRD Book 3250, Page 363.
Salem Directory, 1937; Salem Directory, 1946; United States Census, 1940.
�14
executor of her will sold it to Paul J. Herrick of Salem. Paul J. Herrick sold the house to Marc L.
Bergeron of Salem in 2000, and Marc and his wife Marcy officially condoized 12 Winter Street
in 2003.20
20
ECRD Book 3462, Page 476; ECRD Book 12976, Page 344; ECRD Book 15814, Page 162; ECRD Book 21820,
Page 424.
�CHAIN OF TITLE, 12 WINTER STREET, SALEM, ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS
Date of
Transaction
Date Recorded
Grantor(s)
Grantee(s)
Consideration
March 21, 1781
December 26, 1786
Benjamin Cheever of Salem, Thomas Hovey of Salem,
cordwainer
mason
August 10, 1812
November 14, 1812
Thomas Hovey, Susan
Hovey, and Thomas &
Elisabeth Lefavour
Hannah Town
$1,000.00
August 10, 1812
May 1, 1822
Jacob & Hannah Town of
Salem
Thomas Hovey, Susan
Hovey, and Elizabeth
Lefavour, all of Salem
$1,000.00
May 7, 1829
July 26, 1859
July 26, 1859
thirty pounds
December 1, 1829
Jacob Towne of Boxford,
yeoman, & Hannah Towne,
his wife
August 12, 1859
Jonathan F. Worcester of
Salem, administrator of the
estate of Thomas Hovey,
late of Salem, mason,
deceased intestate
James Kimball of Salem
$1,666.67
August 12, 1859
Edna Jane Le Favor of
Medway, guardian to
Jeannie Le Favor and
Caroline T. Le Favor, minor
children of Richard M. Le
Favor, late of Roxbury,
deceased, intestate
James Kimball of Salem
$104.16
Thomas Hovey of Salem,
bricklayer
Conveyance of
"a piece of land in Salem . . . bounded easterly on the road
leading to Beverly ferry & there measures fifty feet westerly upon
land belonging to Judge Lynde & there measures fifty feet
[southerly] upon other land of [said Benjamin] Cheever & there
measures one hundred feet [northerly] upon land of . . .
Needham & there measures one hundred feet . . . "
"one half of the Real Estate of our late Hon. Father Thomas
Hovey dec. as hereafter described, viz. the Southern half of a
dwelling house with the land under and adjoining situated on
winter Street, and beginning at the front door and throgh the
middle of the Entry as the partition Stand in the back part of the
house from the garret to the cellar, with a small piece of land to
the westward of the house, running in a line westerly with the
Southern end of the house nine feet, then northerly with a line of
the western end of the partition. Also the Southern half of a
garden beginning at the middle of said garden fence and running
[southerly?] twenty 5 feet, then westerly by Brown's land sixty
two feet nine inches, thence northerly by Oliver Street twenty
five feet, then Easterly through said garden sixty feet, the yard,
well, front, door and entry and stairs from the cellar to the garret
to be used in common with both parts of the house."
"one half of the real estate of our late Honored father Thomas
Hovey deceased as hereafter described viz, the northern half of
a dwelling house with the land under and adjoining situated on
Winter street and beginning at the front door and through the
middle of the entry to the garden fence as the partition in the
back part of the house . . . stands from the garret to the cellar
with the northern half of the garden beginning at the middle of
said garden fence then running westerly sixty feet through said
garden to Oliver street then bounds westerly running northerly
by Oliver street twenty five feet then . . . northerly running
easterly by Needhams land fifty eight feet then . . . [southerly?] by
garden fence twenty five feet to first mentioned bound with the
yard well front door, entry and stairs from the garret to the cellar
to be used in common for both parts of the house."
Source
Book / Page
Notes
Essex County
Registry of Deeds 146 / 195
(ECRD)
ECRD
197 / 265
ECRD
229 / 221
$500.00
"the following real estate on Winter street in Salem aforesaid that
is to say the Southern half of a certain dwelling house and land
ECRD
under and adjoining contained within the following lines . . . "
255 / 74
"The southern half, and one undivided third part of the northern
half of Messuage Number 12, Winter Street, in Salem, aforesaid;
the said messuage being bounded easterly by Winter Street;
ECRD
northerly by land of Sanders and Byard; westerly by Oliver Street;
and southerly by land of Osborne and Willis."
591 / 290
"One undivided twelfth part of the northern half of messuage
Number 12, in Winter Street, in said Salem . . . "
591 / 291
ECRD
"being the same premises which
were conveyed by said Thomas and
others to said Hannah" recorded in
ECRD B197 P265; subject to a
$500.00 mortgage by the Townes to
Benjamin Cheever
"The said Southern half being the
same premises that were conveyed
by Thomas Hovey to Hannah Town"
recorded in ECRD B197 P265 and
"the said northern half being the
same premises that were conveyed
by Jacob Town, to Thomas Hovey
and others" recorded in ECRD B229
P221
�CHAIN OF TITLE, 12 WINTER STREET, SALEM, ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS
Date of
Transaction
Date Recorded
Grantor(s)
Grantee(s)
Thomas H. Lefavor of
Salem, guardian to Susan
James Kimball of Salem
Hovey, an insane person, of
Salem, singlewoman
Henry B. & Elizabeth Jane
Smith, Thomas H. Lefavour,
James Kimball of Salem
and Samuel H. Lefavour, all
of Salem
Consideration
ECRD
591 / 292
$312.50
"three undivided twelfth parts of the northern half of messuage
number 12, Winter Street, Salem . . . "
ECRD
591 / 294
ECRD
591 / 295
ECRD
745 / 107
ECRD
865 / 140
ECRD
865 / 141
"one undivided half part of a certain parcel of land situated in
said Salem, and bounded and described as follows . . . "
ECRD
865 / 141
"all that one undivided half part of a certain parcel of land
situated in said Salem and bounded & described as follows . . . "
ECRD
865 / 142
July 26, 1859
August 12, 1859
July 26, 1859
August 12, 1859
James Kimball of Salem
Thomas H. Lefavour of
Salem
$2,500.00
May 8, 1868
May 9, 1868
Thomas H. Lefavour of
Salem
Stephen N. Monroe and Levi
Wiggin of Salem
$3,300.00
October 10, 1872
October 15, 1872
Stephen N. Munroe of
Salem
Robert M. Copeland of
Salem
$1.00
October 10, 1872
October 15, 1872
Levi Wiggin of Salem
Robert M. Copeland of
Salem
$1.00
October 10, 1872
October 15, 1872
Robert M. Copeland of
Salem
Caroline Wiggin, wife of Levi
Wiggin of Salem
$1.00
October 10, 1872
October 15, 1872
Robert M. Copeland of
Salem
Mary A. Munroe, wife of
Stephen N. Munroe of Salem
$1.00
April 23, 1874
April 29, 1874
Levi & Caroline F. Wiggin of
Salem
Mary Ann Munroe, wife of
Stephen N. Munroe of Salem
$4,000.00
December 2, 1913
December 3, 1913
Mary A. Munroe of Salem
Mary E. Hines of Lynn
August 22, 1938
August 23, 1938
Mary E. Hines of Lynn
Salem Five Cents Savings
Bank, holder of a mortgage
from Mary E. Hines of Lynn
Salem Five Cents Savings
Bank
Salem Five Cents Savings
Bank
Book / Page
"One undivided third part of the northern half of Messuage No.
12, Winter Street in said Salem . . . "
August 12, 1859
January 6, 1933
Source
$416.66
July 26, 1859
January 6, 1933
Conveyance of
"One Dollar and
other valuable
considerations"
"a certain piece of land, situate in said Salem, and bounded as
follows, to wit; easterly on Winter Street, fifty feet, southerly on
land of Osborne and Willis, one hundred feet, westerly on Oliver
Street, fifty feet, and northerly on land of Sanders and Byard, one
hundred feet, with all the buildings thereon."
"a certain parcel of land situated in said Salem bounded as
follows: Easterly on Winter Street, fifty feet, more or less;
Southerly on land now or formerly of Osborne, and land now or
formerly of Willis, one hundred feet more or less; Westerly on
Oliver Street, fifty feet, more or less; and Northerly on land now
or formerly of Sanders, and land now or formerly of Byard, one
hundred feet more or less . . . with the dwelling house and all
other buildings thereon . . ."
"one undivided half part of a certain parcel of land situated in
Salem and bounded as follows – easterly on Winter street;
southerly on land now or formerly of Osborne and of Willis;
westerly on Oliver street; and northerly on land now or formerly
of Saunders and of Byard . . . "
"one undivided half part of a certain parcel of land situated in
said Salem and bounded and described as follows . . . "
"one undivided half part of the following described premises to
ECRD
wit . . . "
"a certain parcel of land with the dwelling houses and other
buildings thereon, situated in said Salem, and bounded and
described as follows: Easterly on Winter Street fifty feet, more or
less; Southerly by land now or formerly of Osborne and by land
ECRD
now or formerly of Willis, one hundred feet, more or less;
Westerly on Oliver Street fifty feet, more or less, and Northerly on
land now or formerly of Sanders and land now or formerly of
Byard, one hundred feet, more or less . . . "
"the land in said SALEM with the buildings thereon bounded and
described as follows: Easterly by Winter Street about fifty (50)
feet, southerly by land now or formerly of Osborne about fifty five
"consideration paid" (55) feet nine (9) inches, westerly by land now or formerly of
ECRD
Murphy about fifty (50) feet ten (10) inches and northerly by land
now or formerly of Cole about fifty seven (57) feet four (4)
inches."
$4,100.00
"the premises conveyed by said mortgage."
ECRD
903 / 75
Notes
"The said estate being the same that
was conveyed to me, in different
portions, by Deeds of even date with
this . . . "
"being the same premises in part" as
described in ECRD B745 P107
"being the same premises in part" as
described in ECRD B745 P107
"being the same premises this day
conveyed to me by deed of Levi
Wiggin . . . "
"being the same premises this day
conveyed to me by deed of Stephen
N. Munroe . . . "
"being the same premises" recorded
in ECRD B745 P107
2239 / 390
2941 / 153
3155 / 185
"Being a portion of the premises
conveyed to me by deed of Mary A.
Munroe" recorded in ECRD B2239
P390;
This document is a mortgage "to
secure the payment of Four
Thousand Dollars in one year with
five and one-half per cent interest."
The bank retained ownership of the
property when Mary defaulted on her
mortgage.
�CHAIN OF TITLE, 12 WINTER STREET, SALEM, ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS
Date of
Transaction
March 31, 1941
June 1, 1946
April 4, 1995
August 10, 1995
October 20, 1997
October 20, 1997
December 30, 1998
July 16, 1999
August 2, 2000
Date Recorded
April 1, 1941
Grantor(s)
Salem Five Cents Savings
Bank
Grantee(s)
Richard C. & Ethel M.
Mackintire of Salem
Richard C. & Ethel M.
Mary J. Donovan of Salem
Mackintire of Salem
Ellen Cash of Lynn, executor
under the will of Mary J.
April 5, 1995
Paul J. Herrick of Salem
Donovan, late of Peabody
Paul J. Herrick, Trustee of
August 10, 1995
Paul J. Herrick of Salem
HRX Salem Realty Trust
Paul J. Herrick, Trustee of
October 20, 1997
Paul J. Herrick of Salem
HRX Salem Realty Trust
Paul J. Herrick, Trustee of
October 20, 1997 Paul J. Herrick of Salem
HRX Salem Realty Trust
Paul J. Herrick, Trustee of
December 30, 1998
Paul J. Herrick of Salem
HRX Salem Realty Trust
June 1, 1946
July 16, 1999
August 2, 2000
Paul J. Herrick of Salem
Marc L. Bergeron of Salem
Marc L. Bergeron of Salem
Marc L. & Marcy F. Bergeron
of Salem
Consideration
Conveyance of
Source
"the land in said SALEM with the buildings thereon bounded and
described as follows: Easterly by Winter Street about fifty (50)
feet, southerly by land now or formerly of Osborne about fifty five
"consideration paid" (55) feet nine (9) inches, westerly by land now or formerly of
ECRD
Murphy about fifty (50) feet ten (10) inches and northerly by land
now or formerly of Cole about fifty seven (57) feet four (4)
inches."
"the land in said SALEM together with the buildings thereon
"consideration paid"
ECRD
bounded and described as follows . . . "
$85,000.00
"nominal
consideration"
"nominal
consideration"
"nominal
consideration"
"nominal
consideration"
$319,900.00
"Nominal"
"The land in Salem . . . together with the buildings thereon,
bounded and described as follows . . . "
"The land in Salem . . . together with the buildings thereon,
bounded and described as follows . . . "
"The land in Salem . . . together with the buildings thereon,
bounded and described as follows . . . "
"The land in Salem . . . together with the buildings thereon,
bounded and described as follows . . . "
"The land in Salem . . . together with the buildings thereon,
bounded and described as follows . . . "
"The land in Salem . . . together with the buildings thereon,
bounded and described as follows . . . "
"The land in Salem . . . together with the buildings thereon,
bounded and described as follows . . . "
Book / Page
Notes
3250 / 363
3462 / 476
ECRD
12976 / 344
ECRD
13141 / 350
ECRD
14377 / 563
ECRD
14377 / 570
ECRD
15369 / 554
ECRD
15814 / 162
ECRD
16487 / 299
The Bergerons officially condoized 12
Winter Street in 2003.
���������������������������������������������������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Winter Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
12 Winter Street, Salem, MA, 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House History
Description
An account of the resource
Built for
Thomas Hovey
Mason
c. 1785
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built circa 1785
House history completed 2022
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Alyssa G. A. Conary
Language
A language of the resource
English
12 Winter Street
1785
2022
Hovey
mason
Massachusetts
Salem
-
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048cb73648ed1e5684ffcf18bd09ab2b
PDF Text
Text
1 Emerton Street
Salem, Massachusetts 01970
Built 1891
by Charles B. Balcomb, carpenter, and William E. Bates, mason
Researched and Written by David Moffat – December 2021
�Date
Conveyed by
Conveyed to
Property
Amount
Doc
Book
Page
8 Oct
1891
James A. Gillis
Charles B.
Balcomb and
William E. Bates
“A certain
parcel of
land”
$1,400
Deed
1323
470
4 Feb
1892
Charles B. Balcomb and John P. Bates
William E. Bates
“A certain
parcel of
land with
new
dwelling
house
thereon”
$2,000
Deed
1334
105
6 Oct
1906
John P. Bates
Florence H.
Lefavour
“A certain Consider
parcel of ation paid
land with
and $1
the
buildings
thereon”
Deed
1843
510
2 Aug
1919
Florence H. Lefavour,
Widow of William J.
Lefavour
Edward V. Tracy
“The land Consider
in said ation paid
Salem,
with the
buildings
thereon”
Deed
2419
593
21
Nov
1925
Edward V. Tracy
Veronica
Grabowska
“The land Consider
in said ation Paid
Salem,
with the
buildings
thereon”
Deed
2664
38
Deed
2744
187
29 Oct Veronica Grabowska
1927
Harvey
Gastonguay
“The land
in said
Salem,
with the
Consider
ation Paid
�buildings
thereon”
5 Aug
1942
Harvey Gastonguay
Rosa
Gastonguay
“The land
in said
Salem,
with the
buildings
thereon”
Consider
ation Paid
Deed
3308
25
Deed
6322
348
3 Feb Harvey E. Gastonguay
1977
Claire M.
Gastonguay
“The land
in said
Salem”
etc.
$32,000
20
May
2005
Claire M. Blanchette
FKA Claire M.
Castonguay
1 Emerton
Realty Trust
“The
premises
known as
1 Emerton
St.” etc.
$10
Deed 25819
245
15
Sep
2020
Susan M. Quinn,
Susan M. Quinn
Successor Trustee of the
1 Emerton Realty Trust
“The Consider
premises ation Paid
known as
and $10
1 Emerton
St.” etc.
Deed 39166
480
Other Notes:
-No MACRIS file.
Emerton Street named for James Emerton, apothecary, though it was Rebecca Emerton was was
living at 6 East Street in 1850 and 1851.
In the 1884 directory, Emerton Street ran from 24 Forrester to Webb, and contained only 4
houses, all on the left side:
1. Wm. H. Hart
7. Columbus N. Rogers
James S. Nelson
13. Henry B. Phillips
William K. Tebbetts
In 1891 Directory, 1 Emerton is William H. Hart and Henry E. Gosselin.
�In 1893, Frank Bates is listed at #1, and William H. Hart at #3.
William H. Hart, plumber at 8 Central, house 1 Emerton Street (1884, p. 182)
1874: Miss E.P. Richardson
1897: J.P. Bates
1890-1891 Directory: Charles B. Balcomb, carpenter, 281 Bridge, h. 18 Symonds
William E. Bates, of Bates & Touret (Benjamin A. Touret) 163 Derby Street, Masons. h. 13
Arbella.
�Future site of Emerton Street in 1851, note the home of J. Emerton
�1 Emerton Street in 1874
1 Emerton Street in 1897
�1 Emerton in 1903
�1 Emerton Street in 1911
�1 Emerton Street in 1938
���������������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emerton Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
1 Emerton Street, Salem, MA, 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House History
Description
An account of the resource
Built 1891
by Charles B. Balcomb, carpenter, and William E. Bates, mason
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built 1891
House history completed 2021
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
David Moffat
Language
A language of the resource
English
1 Emerton Street
1891
2021
Balcomb
Bates
Carpenter
mason
Massachusetts
Salem
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/28828/archive/files/6a69dd27298d3c2b8af5e6f622b4dcfb.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=jRorVZ6k0q2YB4M48ELv5j5zawx1mk7MWXp4TqqY%7EObz2XpHbIFrEd%7EKchIQ5Wuhkyi7V3Zlg5dPkWR1Q5sV8xd8B0-NnPsJFy6ruciOZRrF8St4YjV%7Els0eYBfTwhy5RRiWZ3g56Ddjr7h8b1lvjbwJmdpWDxvVI4SMmuiUv5o3v-YTt%7EGKRiYxMNDATjkesPPICW1RafVOTXcEMxpfO81vA%7EV-5n4mH1zLmjBk4ZwqPBcaXFww5igsaTnpYkpXoxjBMzwqNL3WM8TbhwpEsziq7UQOUDnczh6t%7EvCeI7z%7EWqxw2AOl1sv9ro0S0MCz8ze9kttzkrKWj5JV9lVC6A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c32f37940b3a8554bbd8eac18f0c1f29
PDF Text
Text
4 Bentley Street
Built or moved here for
Ebenezer Slocum Jr.
Mason
Before 1846
Research by
Alyssa G. A. Conary
September 2021
Historic Salem, Inc.
9 North Street, Salem, MA 01970
978.745.0799 | HistoricSalem.org
© 2021
�CHAIN OF TITLE, 4 BENTLEY STREET, SALEM, ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS
Date of
Transaction
December 2, 1833
Date Recorded
December 2, 1833
Grantor(s)
Richard Crowninshield of
Danvers, Manufacturer
Grantee(s)
Ebenezer Slocum of Salem,
Mason
May 16, 1868
May 16, 1868
Joseph H. Hanson,
Merchant, and Sarah A.
Hanson, his wife, of Salem
Jane Jackson of Salem
April 7, 1903
April 9, 1903
Chas. W. Richardson,
executor of the will of Jane
Jackson late of Salem
Lucy E. Roberts, Caroline
Augusta Pierce, and
Margaret C. Francis
September 3, 1903
September 5, 1903
Lucy E. Roberts, Caroline
Augusta Pierce, and
Margaret C. Francis, all of
Salem
John E. Barnett of Salem
June 7, 1947
June 13, 1947
Ellen T. Barnett of Salem
J. Donald & Marianne M.
Tahany of Salem
June 15, 1948
June 15, 1948
J. Donald & Marianne M.
Tahany of Salem
Wendell J. & Theresa D.
White of Salem
August 6, 1949
August 26, 1949
Wendell J. & Theresa D.
White of Salem
Arthur & Annette Genest of
Salem
March 18, 1955
March 18, 1955
Arthur & Annette Genest of
Salem
John J. Brennan Jr. & Terrie
A. Brennan of Salem
February 20, 1959
February 26, 1959
Beverly Savings Bank,
holder of a mortgage from
John J. Brennan Jr. & Terrie
A. Brennan of Salem
Beverly Savings Bank
May 1, 1959
May 19, 1959
Beverly Savings Bank
Sumner G. Whittier, as
Administrator of Veterans'
Affairs, Washington, D.C.
August 12, 1959
October 15, 1959
Sumner G. Whittier, as
Administrator of Veterans'
Affairs, Washington, D.C.
Consideration
$119.19
Conveyance of
Source
"a certain piece of Land situate in said Salem near the East
Meeting house (so called) bounded and described as follows,
Essex County
Easterly on a way leading from Derby Street to Essex Street, forty
Registry of Deeds
three feet ten inches, more or less, Southerly on land of Perkins,
(ECRD)
westerly on land of Standley and northerly on land conveyed by
me to Daniel Sage . . ."
Book / Page
272 / 307
$2,800.00
"the lot of land lying in said Salem which is bounded as follows,
East on Bentley Street about forty-three feet and ten inches,
North on land of Goodhue about seventy seven feet and six
inches, West on land of Standley about forty-two feet, and South
on land of Smalley about seventy seven feet and six inches."
ECRD
746 / 237
$1.00
"house and land number 4 Bentley Street in said Salem formerly
the property of said Jane Jackson . . ."
ECRD
1701 / 366
"a certain parcel of land with the buildings thereon, being the
premises numbered four on Bentley Street in said Salem and
bounded and described as follows, to wit: Easterly on said
"One dollar and
Bentley Street about forty three feet and ten inches; Northerly on
other valuable
ECRD
land now or late of Goodhue about seventy seven feet and six
considerations"
inches; Westerly on land now or late of Standley about forty two
feet, and Southerly on land of Smalley about seventy seven feet
and six inches."
"the land in said SALEM, together with the buildings thereon,
bounded and described as follows: Easterly on Bentley Street,
forty-three (43) feet, ten (10) inches; Northerly on land now or late
"consideration paid" of Goodhue about seventy-seven (77) feet, six (6) inches;
ECRD
Westerly on land now or late of Standley about forty-two (42)
feet; and Southerly on land now or formerly of Smally about
seventy-seven (77) feet six (6) inches."
"the land in said Salem, with the buildings thereon, said to be
"consideration paid" situated at 4 Bentley Street, bounded and described as follows:
ECRD
EASTERLY on Bentley Street . . ."
"less than One
"the land in said Salem with the buildings thereon at 4 Bentley
Hundred ($100.00)
ECRD
Street Salem Bounded and described as follows . . ."
Dollars"
"the land in said Salem with the buildings thereon, said to be
"consideration paid" situated at 4 Bentley Street, bounded and described as follows . . ECRD
."
Notes
"Being the same
which was devised
to me by my late
mother Harriette
Slocum." See
attached probate
documents.
Bentley Street was
renumbered in 1888
(see attached
documentation) and
2 Bentley Street
became 4 Bentley
Street.
1715 / 399
3528 / 143
3608 / 311
3686 / 173
4148 / 409
$6,200.00
"The land with the buildings thereon situated on 4 Bentley Street,
ECRD
in said Salem . . ."
4540 / 389
"consideration paid"
"The land with the buildings thereon situated on 4 Bentley Street
ECRD
in Salem . . ."
4561 / 531
Carl M. & Gertrude Freeman
"The land with the buildings thereon situated on 4 Bentley Street
"consideration paid"
ECRD
of Salem
in Salem . . ."
4609 / 265
"For my title see
Estate of John E.
Barnett, #169449,
Essex County
Probate."
�CHAIN OF TITLE, 4 BENTLEY STREET, SALEM, ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS
Date of
Transaction
Date Recorded
October 3, 1963
October 4, 1963
July 26, 1972
July 26, 1972
December 5, 1974
December 6, 1974
January 11, 1978
January 11, 1978
May 28, 1980
May 30, 1980
December 9, 1983
December 9, 1983
December 9, 1983
December 9, 1983
June 20, 1989
June 21, 1989
November 30, 1995
Grantor(s)
Grantee(s)
Consideration
Carl M. & Gertrude Freeman Fred E. & Adeline E. Winter
"consideration paid"
of Salem
of Marblehead
Donald Koleman and
Fred E. & Adeline E. Winter Laurence C. Post Jr.,
unknown
of Marblehead
Trustees of Old Salem Realty
Trust
Donald Koleman and
Michael A. Levinson of
Laurence C. Post Jr.,
Salem and Rebecca Herman
$27,500.00
Trustees of Old Salem
of Marblehead
Realty Trust
Michael A. Levinson of
Micajah P. Clough IV of
Salem and Rebecca Herman
$55,000.00
Marblehead
of Marblehead
Micajah P. Clough IV of
Derek J. Cavanaugh & Ellen
$72,000.00
Marblehead
S. Dalton of Salem
Paul F. Stunzi, Anne C.
Derek J. Cavanaugh & Ellen
Stunzi, and Steven D. White
$87,000.00
S. Dalton of Salem
of Salem
Paul F. Stunzi and Steven D.
Paul F. Stunzi, Anne C.
"nominal
White, Trustees of the
Stunzi, and Steven D. White
consideration"
Bentley Realty Trust of
of Salem
Salem
Paul F. Stunzi, Trustee of
Anne Carey, Trustee of 4
Bentley Realty Trust of
Bentley Street Realty Trust
"Nominal"
Marblehead
of Marblehead
Anne Carey a/k/a Anne C.
November 30, 1995 Stunzi, Trustee of 4 Bentley
Street Realty Trust
Nicholas M. Osgood of
Salem
$137,250.00
Conveyance of
Source
Book / Page
"the land with the buildings thereon situated on 4 Bentley Street
in Salem . . ."
ECRD
5111 / 164
"the land with the buildings thereon sitauted on 4 Bentley Street
in Salem . . ."
ECRD
5889 / 195
"the land with the buildings thereon, situated on 4 Bentley Street,
ECRD
in Salem . . ."
6115 / 800
"the land in Salem . . . with . . . the buildings thereon, situated on
4 Bentley Street. . ."
ECRD
6436 / 1
"the land in Salem . . . with . . . the buildings thereon, situated on
4 Bentley Street. . ."
ECRD
6705 / 777
"The land in Salem . . . with . . . the buildings thereon, situated on
4 Bentley Street. . ."
ECRD
7290 / 1
"The land in Salem . . . with . . . the buildings thereon, situated on
4 Bentley Street. . ."
ECRD
7290 / 16
"the land in Salem . . . with the buildings thereon, situated on 4
Bentley Street . . ."
ECRD
10044 / 379
"the land in Salem . . . with buildings thereon, situated on 4
Bentley Street . . ."
ECRD
13304 / 572
Notes
Nicholas Osgood
converted the singlefamily home into
condos in 2005. See
ECRD B25094 P400
(attached).
���1846
48
SALEM DIRECTORY .
14
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66
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25
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12 M.
M.
tanner
ship carpenter
O.
,
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agent
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,
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E.A.,
,
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O.
20
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Goldthwaite
, ,
Goldthwaite
, 21 60
,
,
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,
, , ,
Goldthwaite
14
h
,
tin
Giddings, James , mason , h 22 Crombie
Gifford , James B. ( T. & J. B. ) 31 North , h 59 North
Gifford , Thomas S. carpenter , 31 North , h 59 North
Gifford , Thomas, jr . ( T. & J. B.) carpenter h 104 North
Gilbert , James, stone cutter, h 8 Creek
Gilbert, James, jr . mariner , h 10 Saunders
Gilman , Daniel , la borer , h 1 English
Gilman , Joseph , laborer, h 1 English
Gilman , Joseph , jr . laborer , h 1 English
Gilman , Phineas , victualling cellar, Market , h 18 Charter
Gilpatrick , Elizabeth , h 6 Briggs
Gladden , Henry , mariner , h 7 Orange
Glidden , Joseph P. cordwainer, h 29 Federal
Glidding , Mary W. h 7 Elm
Glover , Benjamin , painter , 348 Essex , h 13 Lynn
Glover , Benjamin A. painter , 348 Essex, h 13 Lynn
Glover, George W. tailor , 224 Essex , h 13 Lynn
Glover , John H. mariner , h 35 Lafayette
Glover, John P. painter, h 13 Lynn
Glover , Jonathan , cordwainer , h 2 Mill
Glover, Mahala , Mrs. h Salem
Glover , Nancy , Mrs. h 6 Chestnut
plate worker
Lynn
Glover, Nathaniel S.
Glover Sarah variety store
Central
rear
Cen
North
Glover Sophia Mrs.
tral
Goldsmith
Elizabeth
Summer
Bentley
Goldsmith John mariner
Goldsmith
Nathaniel mariner
Essex
Goldsmith
Nathaniel
clerk 186 Essex
Rust
Derby
Goldsmith
Thomas ship wright
Goldthwaite Aaron carpenter
Water
Broad
Goldthwaite Aaron
Broad
Goldthwaite Daniel 147 North
Goldthwaite Eben farmer
Goldthwaite Edward
Broad
Goldthwaite Ellen dress maker
Andrew
Goldthwaite Joel baker
Broad
Bridge
Goldthwaite Jonathan teamster
Ward
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���������������������������1851
�1874
�1897
�1911
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Bentley Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
4 Bentley Street, Salem, MA, 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House History
Description
An account of the resource
Built or moved here for
Ebenezer Slocum Jr.
Mason
Before 1846
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Built or moved here before 1846
House history completed 2021
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Alyssa G. A. Conary
Language
A language of the resource
English
1846
2021
4 Bentley Street
mason
Massachusetts
Salem
Slocum
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/28828/archive/files/528349adebcf73ec4a14b5dbb8735045.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=K9cR9WPESrQ1JMW%7EFFqxYgeadpQcdDdltpe6pk%7EyHUBNy3R8xImDEcpnLAUuXWdeMBZ518K7KNZdsHx-HJv-5wdvtozUD29OS2bHTAkwesIDaA-VK5xZX-TQyUngzIreFIuN7K8M5vaHoL5t4qjwNUFHMu2vvMbFBTPA%7Eg0SS%7EL6mhIJU6gCPXGUCNe49xugLfOad4u5A%7EELVeB0cbbqVA5Z2-rT3yeH-hGtWclUBqeLy3q6KsB-A68rpmKmcY4q7EZaPUQmc10Ruiakg8v9I9a9YCOWWXJ41IAqpv241ztjYuPWsjIm-q5LLKPfeEv9GNyJYsBCnYBZ-8yZY2ZLoQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
817c6b334cd92a521f5ebb726ae8b021
PDF Text
Text
������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Bentley Street
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
19 Bentley Street, Salem, Massachusetts, 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House History
Description
An account of the resource
Built by 1854 by and for George Bowditch, a Mason
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem Inc., house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1854, 1981
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Joyce King
Language
A language of the resource
English
1854
19
1981
Allyn Realty Trust
Bentley Street
Bramble
Diman
George Bowditch
Green
mason
Selby
Spector
Witkos
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/28828/archive/files/0330bae292865a35a8066b1fba03f04c.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=f8mnHnY4Ts-mGYO2AemEkxBROBXQFbE-yNmWMedRjoZlwqaT1BOFYoRe8KhodgvviFkLv1g6FQmULr7PDhTcnuKh0kmEjzbWyw9-pLhUMp%7E3IXRSDtnd7oYRy-L02nYL%7EHp49m7l9bTqzq4EpM%7E%7EuUXpiXR-o69UkCMVGfZVWevZrdN5MVPLPDYIws9Zoy0Y7C3bzJ1dLzI-qciysw4F4buZrHXHH8OCRSffCfsFyRWp%7EkxrGzW-MAS4BDwwNJ4-HQCDSQDLaj73bcr-qti00g9Aj2VSkVF34Wx66JCDwCyQ-73mJ2g3rgNCfpEBreFDGNq3gDatkgn6RH%7EnSA7P9Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b790750fa30c44771197996b2858b23a
PDF Text
Text
17 Bentley Street
Salem
According to available evidence, this house was built for George Bowditch
Jr., Salem mason, in 1843.
On 18 July 1840, George Bowditch Jr., Salem bricklayer, for $393.75 purchased a
piece of land that fronted westerly 35' on "the way recently laid open," and
bounded southerly 80' on J.D. Green's land, easterly 35' on Hardy Street, and
northerly 80' on land of J.D. Green "now occupied by George Bowditch Sr." (ED
319:236). The seller of the land was James Diman Green of Cambridge, a
grandson of Rev. James Diman, who had owned the land in the 1700s. Mr.
Bowditch's lot was but a piece of Mr. Green's property in this vicinity. Mr.
Bowditch had this house built in 1843.
On 26 June 1843 for $500 George Bowditch Jr., Salem mason, mortgaged the
property to Epes Cogswell, a Salem carpenter (ED 337:280). Mr. Cogswell may
have been the building contractor for this house, whose foundation and chimneys
were almost certainly the work of Mr. Bowditch himself. In the mortgage deed,
Mr. Bowditch recited that it was the same land that he had purchased on 18 July
1840 but with the addition since then of "the new building thereon." This
mortgage would be discharged in January, 1852 (ED 337:280, margin).
George Bowditch Jr. was born in Salem on 20 June 1812, the son of a mariner,
George Bowditch, and Sarah (Stodder) Bowditch. The Bowditch family had deep
roots in Salem, being descended from William Bowditch, a West-of-England man
who came to Salem in the 1630s. George Bowditch Sr., who evidently resided on
Hardy Street, was a first cousin of Nathaniel Bowditch, the mathematical genius.
At the time of George Jr. 's birth, the War of 1812 was just beginning. Later,
George Sr. would become a grocer ("trader") and superintendent of Salem's
hearses.
George Jr. had five siblings. When he reached the age of 12 or so, in 1824, he
was evidently apprenticed to learn the trade of a mason or bricklayer. Typically,
he would have gone to live in his master's house, with another apprentice or two;
and for several years he would work in exchange for room, board, clothing, and
knowledge of his trade. At a certain point, he would be paid somewhat for his
work, and by the age of twenty or so he would become a journeyman, free to
work for himself or whomever he chose. A bricklayer built foundations and
chimneys, while a mason did the same but also plastered walls. He probably
became a journeyman in 1832. He would remain a bachelor for another 11 years,
residing in the family home on Hardy Street.
�In 1832, Salem was losing its luster as a great seaport. After the War of 1812,
Salem merchants had rebuilt their merchant fleet and prosecuted a worldwide
trade, to great effect. A new custom house was built in 1819, at the head of Derby
Wharf. Through the 1820s the foreign trade continued prosperous; but at the end
of that decade, Salem's maritime commerce sank rapidly.
The new railroads and canals in the 1830s diverted both capital and trade away
from the coast. American goods were now being produced at a level where
imports were not so much needed as in the past, and the interior of the country
was being opened for settlement. People moved west, including some from
Salem, and the economic attention of the merchants turned westward with them.
Manufacturing and the railroads now attracted Salem's capital, and many of the
more notable merchants moved to Boston, the center of investment in these nonmaritime industries. The Eastern Rail Road (a Salem-based enterprise) began
operating between Salem and Boston in 1838; the tracks ran right over the middle
of the Mill Pond. Salem did engage in some manufacturing-leather, shoes,
textiles--but not on the scale of the factory towns of Lowell, Lawrence, and
Haverhill, with their mills driven by the powerful waters of the Merrimack.
George Bowditch Jr. evidently found plenty of work in the "declining" Salem of
his adulthood. Factories and shops were being built, and houses as well, and all
needed chimneys and foundations. While great fortunes were no longer being
made in Salem, a contractor like Mr. Bowditch could make a good living. George
Bowditch Jr. married Margaret S. Brown in July, 1843; and, between 1844 and
1861, they would have four children, only one of whom, Thomas, born in 1849,
survived to adulthood.
The Salem Directories show George Bowditch Jr., "mason," residing on Hardy
Street in 1836 and 1842, and on Bentley Street in 1846. In the 1860s and 1870s
this house was numbered 9 Bentley; in 1888 it was renumbered 17. Bentley
Street was named for the Rev. William Bentley, the long-time beloved pastor of
Salem's North Church (in this neighborhood on Essex Street; now gone), whose
diary (published) gives a portrait of life in Salem from the 1790s into the 1820s.
In May, 1844, Mr. Bowditch purchased a strip of land to the south of the
homestead. It was 5' wide and ran from street to street.
Somewhat stubbornly, Salem's waning merchant class pursued their business on
the sea; but as the years went by the conditions of shipping changed, and Salem
was left on the ebb tide. In the late 1840s, giant clipper ships replaced the smaller
ships that Salem men had sailed around the world; and the clippers, with their
deep drafts and large holds, were usually too large for Salem and its harbor. The
town's shipping soon consisted of little more than visits from Down East coasters
with cargoes of fuel wood and building timber. By 1850 Salem was finished as a
working port; and its glory days were over. An excellent picture of Salem's
waterfront, during its period of decline from glory, is given by Hawthorne in his
�"introductory section" (really a sketch of Salem) to The Scarlet Letter, which he
began while working in the nearby Custom House and completed at home on
Mall Street off the Common.
In 1850 (per census, house 127) George Bowditch, 33 (really 37), mason, resided
here with his wife, Margaret, 28, and their son, Thomas, two. Their nearest
neighbors were families also headed by carpenters and masons.
In October, 1853, Mr. Bowditch purchased another piece of land, to the south of
the homestead. It was 16' wide and ran from street to street. On this new piece of
land, he soon built a new house (#19 Bentley) by moving in an older building and
adding a new section. He turned the new house over to his aged parents, who
lived on until 1862 (death of George) and 1867 (death of Sarah). Therefore, the
families of George Bowditch Sr. and George Bowditch Jr. lived side-by-side (see
1860 census, houses 1175 and 1176; in it, GB Jr. is mistakenly listed as "master
mariner," a slip-up for "master mason").
In the early 1860s, while the Civil War (1861-1865) was being fought, Mr.
Bowditch began instructing his only son, Thomas Bowditch, in the mason's trade.
After the Civil War, Salem fully re-tooled as an industrial center, with good
success. The symbol of its new economy was the large twin-towered granite train
station, which stood at the foot of Washington Street, where it had joined the
inner harbor. Beginning in the 1840s, the Salem capitalists had built factories that
soon filled with Irish immigrant workers as well as the native-born. Salem's
water-oriented downtown area remained intact, or nearly so, for most of the 19th
century, although no more did square-rigged ships visit the wharves along the
inner harbor (the South River, which ran from Derby Wharf to where the Post
Office now is). The railroad had been built across the middle of the beautiful Mill
Pond, which extended, from the inner harbor all the way to Loring Avenue, in a
broad sheet of water between what are now called Canal Street and Jefferson
Avenue. In the early 20th century, both of these ancient bodies of water would
vanish, as they were filled in and buried beneath streets, storage areas, junk-yards,
rail-yards, and parking lots.
As late as 1869 Thomas Bowditch, mason, resided here with his parents. By the
1870s he had moved to the old family house on Hardy Street, where he and his
family would remain for many years. George Bowditch continued in the mason
business for the rest of his life, with his mason's shop behind this house, on the
part of his land that fronted on Hardy Street (14 1h Hardy Street).
George and Margaret Bowditch grew old here. Mrs. Bowditch died in the 1880s,
evidently. Mr. Bowditch, at the very end of life, evidently moved in with his son
Thomas & family at 6 Hardy Street, where he died on June 2, 1893, in the 79th
year of life. From his obituary: "George Bowditch Jr., one of the oldest and bestknown 'down-town residents,' so called, died at his home on Hardy Street last
�evening. Mr. B. was in his 7gth year. He was a mason by trade, and had always
lived and been closely identified with the lower part of the city. He was a
thoroughly good man, straightforward in all his dealings and unusually respected
by all who knew him. His wife died some years ago." His remains were interred
at Harmony Grove cemetery with Rev. O.A. Hillard officiating and with a wreath
from the Salem Veteran Fireman's Association, of which he had doubtless been a
member.
The property was inherited by Thomas Bowditch of Hardy Street. He did not
reside here, but used this house for rental income. In 1897 it was occupied by
John Greene, a gardener, and family: wife Ellen, and sons Frank (laborer) and
David (clerk). John Greene died on 1 May 1898, aged 57 years. His wife and son
Frank continued to reside here in 1900 and beyond. The Great Fire of June, 1914,
which destroyed much of south part of the City of Salem, did not affect this
neighborhood, although it burned down everything in sight just across the canal
from Derby Wharf at the Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company (now called
Shetland Park).
Thomas Bowditch died by 1916. He devised his property to his wife Annie,
daughter Mrs. May Johnson, and son George S. Bowditch. On 12 June 1916
these devisees sold the land and buildings, 17-19 Bentley Street, to Martin &
Antonina Witkos (ED 2334:65). The Witkoses resided in #17 and rented out #19.
Mr. Witkos ran a grocery store at 126 Derby Street, which he conducted until his
death in 1932. The property remained in the Witkos family until 1978, when this
house and its lot were set off as Lot E in a partition of property.
--Robert Booth, 23 Oct. 2000, for Historic Salem Inc.
���!I
·11
2 /} ().
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Bentley Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
17 Bentley Street, Salem, MA 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built for George Bowditch, Jr. Salem Mason 1843
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1843, 2000
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Robert Booth
Language
A language of the resource
English
1843
2000
Booth
Bowditch
George
mason
Robert
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Derby Square
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
5-9 Derby Square, Salem, Massachusetts 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built for Col. Benjamin Pickman, Jr., merchant
by Joshua Upham, mason in 1817
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
House built in 1817
Researched completed 1982
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Joyce King, March 1982
Language
A language of the resource
English
1817
5
5-9 Derby
9
Benjamin
Benjamin Pickman
Brick
colonel
Derby
Federal
Joshua
Joshua Upham
mason
merchant
Pickman
Square
Upham
-
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d74799038df6998bea6f0f304862b941
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
School Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
5 School Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Cogswell School: Built in 1862 George C. Lord, Architect Simeon Flint, Mason
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1862, 1987
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Joyce King
Language
A language of the resource
English
1862
5
5 School
architect
Brick
Cogswell School
Flint
George
George C. Lord
Italianate
Lord
mason
Pickering
School
Simeon
Simeon Flint
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Cambridge Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
11 Cambridge Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built for Theodore Littlefield, mason in 1833
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house history
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1833, 1981
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Joyce King
Language
A language of the resource
English
11
11 Cambridge
1833
Cambridge
Greek Revival
History
House
Littlefield
mason
Theodore Littlefield
Thomas
wood
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78bb38e5d130f8674a31cdba7288a23b
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Turner Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
9 Turner Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Language
A language of the resource
English
Description
An account of the resource
Built by Henry Brown, mason, and John Rinks, laborer, between 1840 and 1850
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1840-1850, 2015
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Kimberly Whitworth
1840
1850
9
9 Turner
Brown
Colonial
Greek Revival
Henry
John
Laborer
mason
Renks
Rinks
Turner
wood
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76aa4e935534eeb54ae7ae9600df1156
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Brown Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
6 Brown Street, Salem, Massachusetts, 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Built for Henry Russell Jr. Mason 1844
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house history
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1844, 1994
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Mark Dorste
Language
A language of the resource
English
6
6 Brown
Brick
Brown
Greek Revival
Henry
Henry Russell
mason
Russell
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42b002c402768e13c5909aaa7e1e2b97
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Boardman Street
Historic Salem, Inc. House History
A resource made available by Historic Salem, Inc. detailing the history of Salem's houses.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
7 Boardman Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970
Subject
The topic of the resource
House history
Description
An account of the resource
Samuel S. Merrill, Mason & Builder; 1878
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Historic Salem, Inc.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Historic Salem, Inc. house histories
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Historic Salem, Inc., Salem Historical Society
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1878, 1977
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Robert Booth & Gary R. Daniels
Language
A language of the resource
English
1878
1977
7
7 Boardman
Boardman
builder
Catherine
Hemeon
Italianate
Joshua
mason
Merrill
Samuel
Samuel S. Merrill
Soper
wood